|
M****o
发帖数: 7045 | 2 However, it is not in relation to the dictatorship of Primo de Rivera, but
to the emerging Catalan politics of the time that FC Barcelona can arguably
be said to have held the most institutional significance. The prologue to
the official history of the club claims that “throughout the most difficult
times [FC Barcelona] was the standard that represented Catalonia and the
Catalan people’s desire for freedom” (FC Barcelona: 2011). These political
linkages, as I hope to demonstrate, seemed to grow ... 阅读全帖 |
|
M****o
发帖数: 7045 | 3 这一段开头满难，我先翻了后面几段，xq先看看：
If we apply this strand of thinking to the situation at FC Barcelona in the
aftermath of the fall of the Primo de Rivera regime, then the club takes on
greater political significance. While the club itself may not have been
founded along political lines, it originally defined itself as “apolitical
but always prepared to stand up for the human rights of Catalans” (Burns:
1999, p.100), but the individuals guiding it seemed to behave in an
increasingly politically aware fash... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
|
a*****g
发帖数: 19398 | 6 Chess to be taught in Spanish schools
Spain’s government is set to add chess to the school curriculum after
politicians of all stripes unanimously agreed on the proposal.
A Spanish parliamentary education committee announced they had agreed to "
urge the government to introduce the Chess in Schools programme in the
Spanish education system in accordance with the European Parliament’s
recommendations."
Politicians from all parties met to discuss whether chess should be added to
the Spanish school... 阅读全帖 |
|
s**l
发帖数: 11983 | 7 better reading with enclosed figures:
http://outsideoftheboot.com/2013/02/21/ac-milan-2-0-barcelona-t
Author: Sami Faizullah
Time: February 21, 2013
简介： 这个文章认为： 链式防守是米兰成功的秘诀。
Note:
Catenaccio： 链式防守
Catalan：西班牙
man mark system: 人盯人
Catenaccio was a system introduced (or rather best used) by Helenio Herrera
which emphasised on the defensive side of the game and tactical discipline.
A lot of names have been thrown around since its emergence. ‘Anti-football
’ and ‘Parking the bus’ being the most fam... 阅读全帖 |
|
M****o
发帖数: 7045 | 8 The first linkages made between FC Barcelona and political action came in
June 1925 during a benefit match at the club’s Les Corts ground (Ball: 2003
, p.92-93). With Primo de Rivera having outlawed both regional government
and use of the Catalan language in the preceding months, the game was seen
as a political opportunity for the people of Barcelona, Francesc Cambo and
Joaquin Ventosa Calvell – two high-profile Catalan politicians – both
being in attendance (Burns: 1999, p.86-87).
第一次将巴萨俱乐部与政治... 阅读全帖 |
|
M****o
发帖数: 7045 | 9 2-3 FC Barcelona and the Franco Regime
2-3 巴萨和弗朗哥政权
The army of General Franco had marched into the city of Barcelona on 26th
January 1939, the civil war reaching its official conclusion shortly
afterwards (Goldblatt: 2006, p.303). The fall of the city seemed to neuter
FC Barcelona’s direct political significance, the new regime clearly
viewing the club as an instrument of regional autonomy which needed to be
silenced (Goldblatt: 2006, p.305). Indeed, Franco hoped to humiliate the
club, attempti... 阅读全帖 |
|
f*******e
发帖数: 3433 | 10 逮捕的两个都不是开车的。还在找开车的
Catalan authorities have said the two suspects in custody are a Spanish
national from the North African enclave of Melilla and a Moroccan.
Catalan police have said that neither of the two men arrested is thought to
be the van's driver.
They also confirmed another man who ran over two police officers at a police
checkpoint has been shot dead, but said there was no evidence to prove this
was related to Barcelona terror attack.
The man whose documents were used to rent the van in... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
|
|
w*********r
发帖数: 42116 | 14 Hong Kong pro-democracy protesters rally for Catalan separatists
HONG KONG (Reuters) - Hundreds of Hong Kong protesters, some waving Catalan
flags and banners urging “a fight for freedom together”, rallied in
support of a separate Catalonia on Thursday, broaching an issue that is
anathema to Hong Kong’s rulers in Beijing. |
|
i**********e
发帖数: 1145 | 15 There are only 5 different kinds of expressions with different arrangement
of parenthesis for 4 numbers (using an example of 1,2,3,4), shown as below:
1) ((1 + 2) + (3 + 4))
2) (((1 + 2) + 3) + 4)
3) ((1 + (2 + 3)) + 4)
4) (1 + ((2 + 3) + 4))
5) (1 + (2 + (3 + 4)))
An easy way is to brute force using recursive method. Choose all possible
neighboring pairs and merge them using the operators (add, subtract...). For
example, choosing neighboring pairs of (1 and 2):
(1 + 2) + 3 + 4 --> 3 + 3 + 4
... 阅读全帖 |
|
h*********3
发帖数: 111 | 16 憋了老半天，写了一个，现在脑袋是真的不好使了。。。
算是抛砖引玉了。。。
void DoCatalan(vector &buf,vector &catalanStack)
{
string tmp,left,backup,backup2;
if ( buf.size() == 1 )
{
tmp = buf[0];
for ( int i=catalanStack.size()-1;i>=0;i--)
{
left = catalanStack[i];
tmp = left + tmp + ")";
}
cout << tmp << endl;
return;
}
if ( catalanStack.size() == 0 )
{
backup = buf[buf.size()-1];
tmp = "(" + back... 阅读全帖 |
|
g**********y
发帖数: 14569 | 17 前天在版上看到打印所有矩阵结合次序(Catalan Numbers)的讨论，最后给出的程序比
较长，我想了一下，既然都是Catalan Numbers, 那么生成Dyck word list的程序应该
可以变形成矩阵结合次序。
CareerCup给出的Dyck word list程序很简洁，我就试着映射了一下：
先推‘A’进栈
对应Dyck word (比如XXXYYY), 遇到X, push nextChar 进栈；
遇到Y, 如果pop()出两个，结合后推进栈
==============================================================
以上是写完后在路上刚悟到的，这个映射应该还算简单。如果不用映射，谁能给个更简洁的解法？
附Java code ==>
public void generate(int count) {
print(count, count, new char[2*count], 0);
}
public void print(int l, int r, char[] s... 阅读全帖 |
|
i**********e
发帖数: 1145 | 18 第二题就基本dfs吧，空间肯定不可能常数（如果stack space也算空间的话）。为什么
呢？
因为所有长度为n的嵌套正确的括号串的总数就是第 n/2 个 catalan number 。
给个例子，n=6 的时候，需要打印的总数是第 3 个 catalan number = C3 = 5.
当 n = 30, 需要打印的个数是 C15 = 9694845 个。
所以空间耗费肯定不可能常数。DFS 递归程序不是 tail-recursive，所以转换成非递
归不是那么直接。如果硬要转换的话，那也得用stack来模拟DFS，也是一样要耗空间。
最直接的程序（也应该是最简洁的）就是数，‘（’+1，‘）’就 -1，任何时候 < 0
就停止递归。
利用 n = 30 代入函数，
./a.out 14.87s user
可以做适当优化来剪枝（程序也没那么复杂），
./a.out 1.79s user |
|
h*****n
发帖数: 188 | 19 I had a typo, the recursion should be multiplications
T(n) = \sum_i=0^(n-1) T(i)*T(n-1-i)
catalan numbers is correct, the recursions shows how "catalan numbers" are
calculated. |
|
a***e
发帖数: 413 | 20 wiki上对random tree的定义都有好几种，从没看到过的光是要理解题意也得花不少时
间吧？
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Random_binary_tree
Uniformly random binary trees[edit]
The number of binary trees with n nodes is a Catalan number: for n = 1, 2, 3
, ... these numbers of trees are
1, 2, 5, 14, 42, 132, 429, 1430, 4862, 16796, … (sequence A000108 in OEIS).
Thus, if one of these trees is selected uniformly at random, its probability
is the reciprocal of a Catalan number. Trees in this model have expected
depth proportional to the squa... 阅读全帖 |
|
C******y
发帖数: 2007 | 21 能贴啊，我顺手转过来吧
美味休斯顿--上篇
来源： 宗锐的日志
受到花花大侠的撞车指南的启发，我觉得写个餐馆指南，尤其现在每天面临失业的压力
，不知道还能在休斯顿呆多久，我就先攒点人品，造福群众。以后大家来休斯顿，也可
以多点选择，不必总是去中国城吃饭。相信中国城地区的餐厅大家都知道，这里我就不
赘述了，只说其他国家地区和风味的。我只说 authentic & exotic 的餐厅。厨师一定
要是那个国家的，服务员说着带有那个国家口音的英语，最好连帮你停车的小哥哥都是
那个国家来的。每个餐厅的具体地点大家自己去 Google ，我也不慢慢打了。
先做背景介绍。 Houston ，休斯顿 是美国第 4 大城市（前三名依次为纽约，洛杉矶
，芝加哥）。火箭城位于 Harris County 中心，也是 Houston–Sugar Land–Baytown
组成的大都会地区的经济中心。这是美国第 6 大的大都会地区，总计人口约为 6 百
万。由于石油工业和航运工业，休斯顿地区的人口组成非常多样化，各个国家的移民和
临时务工人员都有，人口的多样性也给休斯顿带来很多充满异国情调的菜馆。
菜馆一般分... 阅读全帖 |
|
e***n
发帖数: 3441 | 22 Ten-man Arsenal succumbed to Barcelona as they were again knocked out of the
Champions League by the Catalan outfit.
A Cesc Fabregas mistake allowed Lionel Messi to chip a ball over keeper
Manuel Almunia and slot in for Barca.
Arsenal levelled through a Sergio Busquets own goal before the visitors had
Robin van Persie harshly sent off.
Barcelona took full advantage as a brilliant move led to Xavi slotting in
before Laurent Koscielny's foul on Pedro let Messi score from the spot.
Arsene Wenger's ... 阅读全帖 |
|
e********3
发帖数: 18578 | 23 加泰罗尼亚更像上海，巴塞罗那是地中海沿海最大的城市，因为航运，商业，旅游，制
造业非常富庶，早年也是中世纪时期地中海强国Crown of Aragon的重要组成部分，后
来是因为Crown of Aragon的国王Ferdinand II和Kingdom of Castile的皇后，
Isabella I联姻以后（两人是远房表姐弟），两个Iberian半岛上的强国联合成了现在
的西班牙。
巴塞罗那地区的Catalan人说的Catalan语言，更接近法语，而非西班牙语，历史上，他
们的文化和政治都相对独立于Castile，所以有独立的想法也不奇怪，但是还是Basque
人更加暴力，因为他们住在山地，民风彪悍，而从人种和语言上，和法国非常接近，所
以一直想独立出西班牙。 |
|
|
s******n
发帖数: 2279 | 25 Brazilian Fans Petition To Make Lionel Messi One Of Their Own1
There is no denying the fact that Lionel Messi is currently the greatest
soccer player in the world. Any individual from any country will agree with
that assessment…except for an Argentinean.
For as long as he has been representing his country on the international
level, the people of Argentina have continued to argue that Messi’s best
only comes out when he is playing for his club team, Barcelona. The numbers
would certainly indic... 阅读全帖 |
|
e*******e
发帖数: 9616 | 26 Manchester United boss Sir Alex Ferguson: Despite Real Madrid getting better
, Barcelona at its best is unstoppable
The Old Trafford manager has taken the time to praise the Catalan giants,
and feels they are the number one team in the world when all their stars are
in form
Feb 13, 2012 8:55:00 AM
By Stefan Coerts
MORE ON : Barcelona, Manchester United, Sir Alex Ferguson
Manchester United manager Sir Alex Ferguson has voiced his opinion that
Barcelona is still the best team in the continent, a... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
J******s
发帖数: 7538 | 28 As the Modern style developed across Europe, the form that it took in each
country depended on particular local trends and tastes. In the architectural
examples of the Spanish Modern Style, also known as Modernisme. and
especially in the extraordinarily inventive work of Antoni Gaudi, a taste
for flamboyant Gothic and Moorish styles is evident, as well as a preference
for tiles, mosaics and the use of colours inspired by the Mediterranean
tradition. The influence of medieval Catalan architecture... 阅读全帖 |
|
m***m
发帖数: 3173 | 29
是啊 连城市里面的各种标示都是Catalan语的
菜单也是
连计程车司机都只讲Catalan |
|
b*s
发帖数: 82482 | 30 很多Dr. Maturin的日记，还有书信。
另外，Maturin公开身份是随船医生，博物学家，但是他还有一个身份是海军部高级间
谍，所以除了书信，还有情报报告。
Maturin是个天才，不但精通英语法语西班牙语和Catalan，还能够用大脑on-the-fly加
密解密。他的日记使用加密的catalan写作的，只有他自己可以读这个码，结果后来还
差点给他带来很多麻烦，当他被美国人扣留的时候，1812年战争
船长Aubrey是个音乐家，数学家，但是文章没有Maturin写得漂亮，他除了写家信，就
是官方航海日志，比起Maturin的书信体来，差得不是一点点
电影master and commander那阵子类似电影挺多的
没看过原著,是不是很多航海日志(虚构不虚构)一样的内容 |
|
b****r
发帖数: 17995 | 31 本版1%来科普一下，这些店实际上在美国算是个什么档次的？
【 以下文字转载自 Texas 讨论区 】
发信人: ColdBody (生当作人杰，死亦为鬼雄), 信区: Texas
标 题: Re: 休斯顿的非中餐美食___________转载自豆瓣社区.
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 8 20:52:21 2012, 美东)
能贴啊，我顺手转过来吧
美味休斯顿--上篇
来源： 宗锐的日志
受到花花大侠的撞车指南的启发，我觉得写个餐馆指南，尤其现在每天面临失业的压力
，不知道还能在休斯顿呆多久，我就先攒点人品，造福群众。以后大家来休斯顿，也可
以多点选择，不必总是去中国城吃饭。相信中国城地区的餐厅大家都知道，这里我就不
赘述了，只说其他国家地区和风味的。我只说 authentic & exotic 的餐厅。厨师一定
要是那个国家的，服务员说着带有那个国家口音的英语，最好连帮你停车的小哥哥都是
那个国家来的。每个餐厅的具体地点大家自己去 Google ，我也不慢慢打了。
先做背景介绍。 Houston ，休斯顿 是美国第 4 大城市（前三名依次为纽约，洛杉矶
，芝加哥... 阅读全帖 |
|
w********1
发帖数: 3492 | 32 Mon, 16 Jul 2012 16:59:42 PDT
The Apple Store Passeig de Gracia is opening soon in Barcelona, Spain.
However, instead of the traditional black plywood walls that are generally
put in front of store locations under construction, Apple has elected to be
a bit more vibrant:
In a style honoring Catalan architect Antoni Gaudí, Apple has made a
Trencadís mosaic with a brilliant multi-colored Apple logo and a number of
other fanciful designs that appear to be inspired by iOS app icons.
VilaWeb, a Catal... 阅读全帖 |
|
s*****V
发帖数: 21731 | 33 abc猜想（abc conjecture）最先由Joseph Oesterlé及David Masser在1985年提出。
它说明对于任何ε>0，存在常数Cε> 0，并对于任何三个满足a+ b= c及a,b互质的正整
数a,b,c，有：
rad(n)在此表示n的质因数的积。[1]
截止2005年，此猜想仍未证明，却衍生一BOINC项目名为“ABC@Home”。
1996年，爱伦·贝克提出一个较为精确的猜想，将rad(abc)用
取代，在此ω是a,b,c的不同质因子的数目。[2]
2012年9月，日本京都大学数学家Shinichi Mochizuki(望月新一)公布了有关abc猜
想（abc conjecture）长达500页的证明。虽然尚未被证实整个证明过程是正确无误的
，但包括陶哲轩在内的一些著名数学家均对此给出了正面评价。
美国哥伦比亚大学数学家Dorian Goldfeld评价说：“abc猜想如果被证明，将一举
解决许多著名的Diophantine问题，包括费马大定理。如果Mochizuki的证明是正确的，
这将是21世纪最令人震惊的数学成就之一。”
abc猜想的证明... 阅读全帖 |
|
k********k
发帖数: 5617 | 34 法國新任總理 曼努埃爾 卡洛斯 瓦爾斯。
父親是西班牙加泰羅尼亞族人，母親是意大利裔瑞士人。
他自己1962年出生于西班牙巴塞羅納。
1982年20歲時才成為法國公民。
會講流利的法語，西班牙語，意大利語，加泰羅尼亞語。
2012年起任法國內政部部長。
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Manuel_Valls
Manuel Valls
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Manuel Carlos Valls (French: [ma.ny.ɛl vals], born 13 August 1962) is a
French Socialist Party politician, born to a Spanish father and a Swiss
mother. He was appointed Prime Minister by President François
Hollande in 2014. Prior to his post as Prime Minister, Valls w... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
|
|
|
c****x
发帖数: 6601 | 39 就像新加坡的印度人马凯硕说的:
You Americans say you support human rights.
Do you dare say i support Palestinian human rights, do you?
Stand with Catalans?
保证立马闭嘴了。 |
|
c****x
发帖数: 6601 | 40 去s
：Spanish Supreme Court sentences Catalan separatists to prison
： |
|
S***s
发帖数: 104 | 41 德州加州的独立分子闹一把废青们再摇旗呐喊支持下美国大爷们就傻眼了
Catalan |
|
|
l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 43 西班牙地方选举，执政的社会党大败，超过90%地区计票结果，反对党人民党领先10%
Zapatero’s Socialists Routed as People’s Party Takes 38% of Vote in Spain
By Emma Ross-Thomas - May 22, 2011 5:04 PM ET
Spain’s Socialists suffered their worst electoral defeat in more than 30
years as voters punished Prime Minister Jose Luis Rodriguez Zapatero’s
party for soaring unemployment and spending cuts that aimed to shield the
country from Europe’s debt crisis.
With 91 percent of votes counted, the opposition People’s Party won 38
percent of the ... 阅读全帖 |
|
a*******1
发帖数: 1554 | 44 查了一下，还真不是：
The term Hispanic (Spanish: hispano or hispánico, Galician: hispánico,
Asturian: hispanu, Basque: hispaniar, Catalan: hispà,[1][2] hispàno[3])
broadly refers to the people, nations, and cultures that have a historical
link to Spain. It commonly applies to countries once colonized by Spain,
particularly the countries of Latin America, and the Philippines. It could
be argued that the term should apply to all Spanish-speaking cultures or
countries, as the historical roots of the word spe... 阅读全帖 |
|
T*R
发帖数: 36302 | 45 这是wiki关于caucasian的定义，是包括三哥的。
美国申请学校，就几样选择，caucasian，black，hispanic，asian。。人家自动归
caucasian了。
Caucasian race
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Jump to: navigation, search
For the peoples of the Caucasus Mountains, see Peoples of the Caucasus. For
other uses of the term "Caucasian", see Caucasian (disambiguation).
"European race" redirects here. For other races in Europe, see Ethnic groups
in Europe.
Irish man, Mediterranean type
Afghan man, Iranid type
Tajik man, Alpine type
Catalan man, Iberi... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
|
b*********3
发帖数: 1709 | 48 Are Abortion and Gay Rights Really American Values?
https://www.theamericanconservative.com/buchanan/are-abortion-and-gay-rights
-really-american-values/
“My religion defines who I am. And I’ve been a practicing Catholic my
whole life,” said Vice President Joe Biden in 2012. “I accept my church’s
position on abortion as…doctrine. Life begins at conception. …I just
refuse to impose that on others.”
For four decades, Biden backed the Hyde Amendment, which prohibits the use
of the tax dollars of Jo... 阅读全帖 |
|
k***e
发帖数: 556 | 49 it is similar to Catalan number but a little different in the recursive relation.
can solve it using dynamic programming in time n^2 time.
Like
pop |
|
|
