f**d
发帖数: 768 | 1 这是一本计算神经科学的优秀著作，全文拷贝这里（图和公式缺），有兴趣的同学可以
阅读
如需要，我可以分享PDF文件（－－仅供个人学习，无商业用途）
From Computer to Brain
William W. Lytton
From Computer to Brain
Foundations of Computational Neuroscience
Springer
William W. Lytton, M.D.
Associate Professor, State University of New York, Downstato, Brooklyn, NY
Visiting Associate Professor, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Visiting Associate Professor, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
Staff Neurologist., Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
In From Computer to Brain: ... 阅读全帖 |
|
s******n
发帖数: 2279 | 2 不是大虾啊，我蛮喜欢这种方式的讨论，能让我仔细看看自己也不是很清楚地东西
quote from "Basic and Clinical Pharmacology"
DEPOLARIZING RELAXANT DRUGS
Phase I Block (Depolarizing)
Succinylcholine is the only clinically useful depolarizing blocking drug.
Its neuromuscular effects are like those of acetylcholine except
that succinylcholine produces a longer effect at the myoneural junction.
Succinylcholine reacts with the nicotinic receptor to open the
channel and cause depolarization of the motor end plate, and this in turn
spreads to t |
|
a******m
发帖数: 1112 | 3 不知道怎样转贴，但是SF版的几个回帖我觉得很有价值。
发信人: QRS (Depolarization), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: Re: 说说我对自家娃娃的疫苗选择吧 (转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Feb 5 06:00:27 2013, 美东)
我很倾佩母亲们对娃的投入和关心。 为了娃真是倾心投入，哪怕是隔行隔山都在所不
惧。
我也贡献我的几点建议：
免疫的机理就不讲了，疫苗里面的铝是特意加入的，用来作为鳌合剂加强免疫效果的。
你如果担心 HIB 的铝含量高，那么Hep B/ HepA 其实比HIB 的铝含量更高。如果你吃
过油条，肠粉，粉丝这样的食物的话，那么你摄入铝的含量比疫苗要高多了。
免疫疫苗用灭活或者减活病毒来做是很常见的，也是最有效的。
病毒有变异，所以免疫疫苗不一定能够 100% 的针对那种病毒， 不过对相近的病毒，
有免疫的机体跟没有免疫的机体反应差距还是有的，譬如有人现在用麻疹疫苗去减轻单
纯疱疹的发作。
美国儿科协会上个星期刚刚发布了2013儿童免疫 schedule, 你所拒绝的几种疫苗都在
新的 list 上。多跟... 阅读全帖 |
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J**b
发帖数: 182 | 4 some more:
7.“reciproca” change in lead I with inferior wall STeMI:
A. Elevated ST segment
B. Low-voltage QRS
C. Wide QRS
D. Depressed ST segment
E. Irregular narrow QRS
8. Ventricular ectopy:
A. Elevated ST segment
B. Low-voltage QRS
C. Wide QRS
D. Depressed ST segment
E. Irregular narrow QRS
9. All of the following are true EXCEPT
A. The AV node is usually perfused by the posterior descending coronary
artery
B. The right ventricular bundle has an ante... 阅读全帖 |
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l******8
发帖数: 1691 | 5 That's very confusing.HEK cell should not behave like this.Most likely there
is something wrong in the setting, not in the cell line.
First of all, you said the Vr is < -40 mV, assuming the Vr is -50 mV, so, at
-50 mV, you have 0 current, right? Then, at what holding voltage did you
get a -10 nA current? You said this is the background current, so I assume
it is not depolarized.
What is your noise level (peak to peak)? Also, it would be helpful to know
your depolarizing step size during membrane... 阅读全帖 |
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k*****1
发帖数: 454 | 6 刚刚找到一篇文章， 两个电生理的专家 Lisman 和 Spruston 的， 有兴趣的话可以看
一下
Questions about STDP as a General Model of Synaptic Plasticity
John Lisman and Nelson Spruston
According to spike-timing-dependent plasticity (STDP), the timing of the Na+
spike relative to the EPSP determines whether LTP or LTD will occur. Here,
we review our reservations about STDP. Most investigations of this process
have been done under conditions in which the spike is evoked by postsynaptic
current injection. Under more realistic condition... 阅读全帖 |
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f****g
发帖数: 23666 | 7 这作者瞎翻译，不安好心，这歌是悲惨世界的插曲，les misarable，
什么乱七八糟的。还起义歌曲。
川普说的不过是welcome all depolarables
起个鸟义啊 |
|
x**s
发帖数: 185 | 8 这个摘要得算生物学领域相当有价值的了！
http://iovs.arvojournals.org/article.aspx?articleid=2404051
ARVO Annual Meeting Abstract | May 2005
Functional Expression of a Directly Light–Gated Membrane Channel in
Mammalian Retinal Neurons: A Potential Strategy for Restoring Light
Sensitivity to the Retina After Photoreceptor Degeneration
Z.–H. Pan; A. Bi; Y.–P. Ma; E. Olshevskaya; A.M. Dizhoor
看这几句话
“The Chop2–GFP–expressing retinal neurons exhibited robust membrane
depolarization in response to light stimulation and... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 9
Download pdf published by SfN (Chapter from 'The History of Neuroscience in
Autobiography, Volume 8' edited by Larry R. Squire)
Yuh-Nung Jan's CV
Lily Jan's CV
Yuh-Nung Jan and Lily Jan
Birth
Family History and Growing Up
National Taiwan University
The Hiking Trip to Shitou in the Spring of 1967
Graduate School Application
Graduate Study at Caltech (1968锟974)
Seymour Benzer Lab (1974锟977)
Steve Kuffler锟絪 Lab at H... 阅读全帖 |
|
B********n
发帖数: 12753 | 10 re
[在 QRS (Depolarization) 的大作中提到：]
：压的程度不同含水量不同的区别吧
：
：........... |
|
t*****e
发帖数: 15794 | 11 【中秋】获奖名单
发信人: ibbmagic (我是快乐的i马甲),
【中秋】忆故乡- 懒人版榨菜鲜肉月饼
twoyuan (twoyuan), 【中秋】超级简单易做却美腻的雪月饼与水晶月饼~
QRS (Depolarization), 【中秋】刚刚做的月饼。
yeca (没事人), 【中秋】八月十五——又到一年晒饼时
zbelinda (出走的面包树),【中秋】冰皮月饼篇
pintujie (拼图), 【中秋】7大种月饼DIY一手打尽：）
zbelinda (出走的面包树), 【中秋】广式月饼篇
linklisa (读万卷书，行万里路), 【中秋】天上月亮圆，地上月饼甜(多图） (转载)
Abigail9981 (Abigail), 【中秋】月圆人团圆
cheerbear (lele), [中秋] 年年有些进步的月饼——冰皮月饼
diandianxin (Susan), 【中秋】广式月饼酥皮月饼冰皮月饼
lanfear (二是会传染的), 【中秋】如何成功的举办一个月饼趴
tootsie (lily), 【中秋】广式月饼
pintujie (拼图), 【中秋】粤菜海鲜家宴：）
th... 阅读全帖 |
|
t*****e
发帖数: 15794 | 12 这个名单也请核实下。
感恩
pintujie (D太太), 【感恩】感恩节6道式小家宴
pintujie (D太太), : [感恩] 茶香熏鸭和片皮烤鸭：）
pintujie (D太太), 信区: Food
标 题: [感恩] 烤火鸡一步一步来（juicy火鸡卷出炉）
sequel (暴力云), : [感恩] 烤鸡
HUBT (), [感恩] 感恩节晚餐 - 清蒸羊肉
sphinxme (lynx), 【感恩】听说发火鸡有包子吃
Abigail9981 (Abigail), 【感恩】家的感觉 －－ 感恩节吃了八宝火鸭
tootsie (lily), 【感恩】传统烤火鸡.
Thymeee (节省味道), 【感恩】怀有中国心的美国传统感恩餐
yubi(Minty Mist Photography), 【感恩】感恩节烤了这个著名的苹果花
QRS (Depolarization),题: [感恩]火鸡 - 烤咸了... 阅读全帖 |
|
t*****e
发帖数: 15794 | 13 获奖名单，大家看看有没有遗漏，谢谢
[圣诞]获奖名单
cattywh
【圣诞】入口即化的轻乳酪蛋糕Light Cheese Cake
mylovelystar (star), [圣诞] 紫薯夏洛特蛋糕。
deanregal1 (批灰皮的老鼠), : 【圣诞】另类烤鸭
QRS (Depolarization), 【圣诞】学做北海道奶味面包
mylovelystar (star), 【圣诞】用cattywh方子做的轻乳酪蛋糕
thymeee (节省味道), : 【圣诞】buche de noel—顺祝新年快乐
sequel (暴力云),【圣诞】意大利Ciabatta面包
pintujie (D太太), : 【圣诞】孜然烤整羊腿（烤好）
pintujie (D太太), 【圣诞】圣诞中餐菜单（附14年圣诞西餐菜单图）
cattywh (红菱艳·新的生活新的人生), 【圣诞烘焙】草莓芝士慕斯生日蛋糕
pintujie (D太太),【圣诞】越... 阅读全帖 |
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R********n
发帖数: 5904 | 14
那是人裴校长的聘礼吧，这之前混得很灭。
发信人: zhongguo2 (ee), 信区: ChinaNews
标 题: 谢欣 and 裴钢
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Jun 21 15:37:17 2011, 美东)
中国学术界的不良之风还有一种比较诚实的没有被大家关注过，可是很行之有效。那就
是合作。
这里就是一个学术造诣颇深的院士和一个混迹学术界想要出头的高干千金的两厢情愿的
合作。
我们先来看一下一个手里控制着上亿元科研经费的中国最年轻的973首席科学家，973胚
胎发育干细胞项目首席科学家的基本情况：
谢欣研究员，现任中国财政部长谢旭人之女
现任 中国科学院上海药物所 研究员、 国家新药筛选中心模型建立 II 部主管、 课题
组长 。
下面是她所有的有名字的文章，还算诚实，没用同名同姓的凑数。
可是大家已经要问这样的条件够中科院研究员、百人计划择优资助吗？那些录用的评委
和百人计划的专家组这么一反以严格著称的常态了呢？
1.Chen D, Liao J, Li N, Zhou C, Liu Q, Wang G, Zhang R, Zhang S, Lin
L,... 阅读全帖 |
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D**0
发帖数: 2048 | 15 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
julia2011 (julia) 于 (Mon Dec 30 14:38:36 2013, 美东) 提到:
每个星期一早上（有时甚至在星期天傍晚）， Chadborne/Hopkins/MSJ 很多住家的垃
圾桶都会被几个中国老人（男女都有）， 翻来翻去。 作为华人， 感到羞愧无比。 第
一， 侵犯别人的隐私； 第二， 垃圾桶这么臭， 为了几个可能的空瓶子， 值得吗？
请你们这些为人子女的， 可否让他们不要这么做？ 实在受不了。 因为他们是拿着塑
料袋走路来的， 所以一定是住在附近。 住在Mission school District， 至于为了几
个空瓶子去翻别人家的垃圾桶吗？ 请你们为华人保留一点尊严和脸面吧。 忍了很久了
， 今天一早又看到了。实在是不吐不快。
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
medmallawyer (Medical Malpractice Lawyer) 于 (Mon Dec 30 14:50:58 2013, 美... 阅读全帖 |
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o**w
发帖数: 337 | 16
That is right, polarizing setup (ie., more weight at 12 and in the butt)
always produces a bigger swing weight than the depolarizing one. |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 17 smallish blocking bet is a very exploitable play. It really only work on
fish or weak tight player who are clueless. Because you are simply telling
your opponents that you do not have a very strong hand, but would like see a
showdown. If you have a strong hand, you will never play like this because
the value lost over long term is much bigger. Any time when you tell your
opponents what you have in a game of incomplete information, you lose. Now
all we need to do is shove over his blocking be... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 18 but you can't get them all correct. Very strong or bluff.. this time he is indeed very strong.. We can keep calling with a read until they turn to FCF and start over betting depolarized range~~~~
=================================================
Full Tilt Poker $0.50/$1 No Limit Hold'em - 9 players -
MP2: $100.00
CO: $100.00
BTN: $79.60
SB: $85.00
BB: $134.10
UTG: $172.75
UTG+1: $121.05
UTG+2: $92.00
Hero (MP1): $235.80
Pre Flop: ($1.50) Hero is MP1 with Th Td
3 folds, Hero raises to $3, 3 folds... 阅读全帖 |
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W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 19 其实很多small stake的reg, 都有一个很fix的3 bet range. 3 bet range 基本有两种
,一种是polarized 3 bet range, 一种是depolorized range.
假设两者 都有 5% 3 bet range.
depolarized 3 bet range, 基本包括99+ AJs+.
polarized range 里就复杂一点, 因为其中semibluff 和value range 的组成可能不同
. 假设是一半一半, 那么基本是 JJ+ AKs+ 和suited connectors 之类的semibluff.
这两种range 各有利弊, 主要要看对手对3 bet 的反应. 最好的办法当然是不要有一
个fix range, 根据对手的不同做调整.那我们就又比那些普通reg 高了点点.. 长期
profit 也就比他们多... 至于如何调整,我就不展开了. 反正打牌时自己多想想range
, villian's open range是十么? 你在villian 眼中是十么3 bet range? what i... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 20 are you talking about the first hand?
It really depends on your read. when you can narrow villian's range to a
point where you are ahead most of them, of course push as hard as you can to
get a call. This is where you magnify your edge when you are ahead. When
the edge becomes small between players, whoever pushes most thin value is
going to win out in the end. "Small pot when behind"+"bigger pot when ahead"
=profit.
For this particular hand, I only called pot size bet on the flop because I
wa... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 21 actually if he has a read on you, I think folding 2 pair or set is not too
crazy vs you here. Have you ever played like this with AA AK at this spot?
if you want to play tricky, call, and jam river, you might get looked up
lighter. I don't think he is on a strong draw, because he would probably
have raised flop. but even if he is on a draw, he probably bluff river
anyway just because you flat turn. When you are unwilling to put the stack
in on the turn on a drawy board, he will think he can blu... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 22 Learning pot control is the first thing that turned me into a winning cash player at NL10/NL25 level on-line. It is very useful indeed, but mostly towards ordinary players (like almost everyone on live 1$/2$ player, even though you probably get even better ev by betting 3 street for value at live 1$/2$ table because most of them are worse than ordinary). when you are facing good aggressive player that can hand read and capable of turning a second pair into bluff, pot controlling is not going to ... 阅读全帖 |
|
p****r
发帖数: 9164 | 23 I think stackszie and opp are the key factors. When stacksize are short,
you do not need pot control much. Lot of time one pair is good enough to
take your opp's whole stack.
It certainly depends who you are playing against. Some ppl are willing to
pay you off with tp weak kicker or second pair, some ppl are only willing
to get in with at least a set.
player at NL10/NL25 level on-line. It is very useful indeed, but mostly
towards ordinary players (like almost everyone on live 1$/2$ pla... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****t
发帖数: 817 | 24 风暴说的在道理上肯定没错, pot control最怕遇到高手看破你的weakness然后overbet
。但是，象Durr那样有能力在河底，depolarize自己的range，拿着中等强度的牌超池
重注的人能有几个？
Small stake live game大部分玩家是loose passive。少数aggressive的玩家重注或者
RAISE的时候范围都极化得很厉害。真正有能力在你pot control的时候turn their
decent hand into bluff的人我还真没见过。所以我觉得在1/2、2/5局中基本不用担心
pot control这个leak。真是倒霉遇到高手了，不和他打就是了。
另外，我觉得打small stake live game不用太overthink自己可能的leak。事实上你可
以有很多比always pot control TPTK还糟糕的leak。但是真的去fix这些leak反而容易
减少利润。比如用78 suited来balance自己的UTG raise range。比如用A5来balance自
己的4-bet range。比如用... 阅读全帖 |
|
p****r
发帖数: 9164 | 25 河底是river? :) 我在BF之后，才开始熟悉这些中文的扑克称呼。 如果你发现有
人会overbet bluff when you pot control ， 你可以在turn check nuts or strong
holding, 然后让他上钩。 Poker is always a mouse/cat game.
说道 depolarize range, 有一次poker after dark cash game, durrr有一次QQ
大的非常棒。
He raised QQ in position, picking 2 callers, including Eli Eliza.
Flop comes JJ4, two hearts(maybe diamond , not big deal anyway). Eli had
baby flush draw, checked, another caller checked, and Durrrr checked QQ in
position.The turn gave Eli an pa... 阅读全帖 |
|
p*******p
发帖数: 13670 | 26 恩差不多，不过我觉得用tptk check raise with good read也是很好用的，尤其当
drawy的board的时候，而且你check raise tptk some time， 其他人就会觉得你fish
，你有nuts的时候很容易被pay off， also it's a good way to depolarize your
check raise range
in
are |
|
c*****t
发帖数: 817 | 27
fish
In live poker, I am not sure if you need to balance your check raise range
at all. A typical check raise percentage is 5 ~ 10%. Say you got a 5-hour
session and played 150 hands. Your VPIP is 20%. Then you check raised about
1 ~ 3 times over the whole session. For such a small sample size you dont
really need to balance or depolarize your range. |
|
p*******p
发帖数: 13670 | 28 well, I play live with same ppl every week, and my vpip is around 70%, so
yes I do need to depolarize
about |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 29 还有就是live 一般打得好点的也就是个polarized range. raise 不是close to nuts
就是bluff. 他们比较好对付, 因为他们的raise range 很窄.这是level 2 player.
难对付的是有两对在flush/straight board 上胡抡的人和会靠读牌raise with wide (
depolarized) range 的人, level 1 和 level 3. 在某些牌上他们看上去会有点象,
不过level 1, 最后只能输光, 但不一定输给你, 而且有时候还能咬你一口, 而level 3
长期肯定赢而且会把level 2 吃得死死的.. |
|
c*****t
发帖数: 817 | 30 For hand 1 and 2, I think all your thoughts make sense and could certainly
work in your favor.
I like raising the turn for hand 1 because your hand was ahead but very
vulnerable. The pot was big already. So I'd like to end the hand there. And
raising the turn is a good balance for your bluffs. That thin value raise
depolarized your turn raise range, which made it a disaster for villain if
he decides to use TPTK as a bluff catcher.
Hand 2: again, nothing wrong with your play. I like checking a tr... 阅读全帖 |
|
W********m
发帖数: 7793 | 31 Barrel more for value; depolarize your range。
两个月没打牌了， 胡说的。 |
|
c****1
发帖数: 457 | 32 一张嘴就有老师范。术语好强，depolarize... |
|
|
l*****g
发帖数: 1128 | 34 只买100-150 不是玩运气是玩什么？这样的short stack你除了玩AQ或更大的牌你还能
玩什么？当你flop top pair or flush draw or open ended straight draw, 你除了
全押你还能有什么move? Poker中用到的floating, trapping, depolarizing range 之
类的技术他玩100刀能用上吗？什么psychology, logic, probability, 这么short 有
必要考虑吗？其实，每个人都是自由的，想怎么玩怎么挣钱都是自己得事，别人管不着
，但问题是一个在牌桌上只会一种move的人还来贬低所有打牌的女性，可见此人之狂妄
和无知。搞不懂这人怎么还会有学生。不就是玩AQor Better and then all in? 还有
啥其它窍门？ |
|
y********n
发帖数: 2063 | 35 ------>to be honest, this is not a good choice, since the villain leverages
us. If we played this way, we only will put our money into bad situation.
The result is kind of winning small, lose big.
position.
If villain's 3bet range is polarized, I think usually we will break even on
this kind of call.
If villain's 3bet range is depolarized, I do not know exactly, but will
guess I will lose some money on average. option is donk big on the flop.
For this perticular hand, I guess I will lose big in... 阅读全帖 |
|
t******k
发帖数: 553 | 36 我不发表对二人是否结婚事情的任何意见，也不想知道，这个世界为博出位出名，手段多了去了。
裴院士，以前听过报告，有所认识。对于谢欣，这位最年轻的973首席科学家，海龟博士。开红色Audi TT的973兽吸，我还是第一次听说，无聊间，google了一下。
以下是转帖
引用:
这里就是一个学术造诣颇深的院士和一个混迹学术界想要出头的高干千金的两厢情愿的合作。
我们先来看一下一个手里控制着上亿元科研经费的中国最年轻的973首席科学家，973胚
胎发育干细胞项目首席科学家的基本情况：
谢欣研究员， 现任中国财政部长谢旭人之女
现任 中国科学院上海药物所 研究员、 国家新药筛选中心模型建立 II 部主管、 课题
组长 。
下面是她所有的有名字的文章，还算诚实，没用同名同姓的凑数。
可是大家已经要问这样的条件，没有一篇CNS系列的文章，1st-authored paper只有3篇
，够中科院研究员、百人计划择优资助吗？
那些录用的评委和百人计划的专家组，都糊涂了吗？这么一反以“严格”著称之常态了
呢？
1.Chen D, Liao J, Li N, Zhou C, Liu Q, Wang G, Zh... 阅读全帖 |
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b*s
发帖数: 82482 | 37 The burning and painful sensations associated with capsaicin result from its
chemical interaction with sensory neurons. Capsaicin, as a member of the
vanilloid family, binds to a receptor called the vanilloid receptor subtype
1 (TRPV1).[41] First cloned in 1997, TRPV1 is an ion channel-type receptor.
TRPV1, which can also be stimulated with heat, protons and physical abrasion
, permits cations to pass through the cell membrane and into the cell when
activated. The resulting depolarization of the... 阅读全帖 |
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s***n
发帖数: 1114 | 38 对于楠楠以这样一种出人意料的方式向他传送信息，范闲并不意外。楠楠的研究课题属
于绝密级的，但情侣之间总归会不经意的透露出些许。
楠楠的研究领域是生物电磁学。细胞膜上有无数的离子通道或者ATPase，K+, Na+和Ca2
+离子规律性的穿过这些通道，将细胞膜去极化（depolarization）或复极化（
repolarization），产生了持续的生物电流。聪明的人类通过捕捉大脑皮层的生物电流
，辅以模式识别技术，发明了脑机接口（BCI），意图让人类直接通过思考来控制计算
机。事实上，现在BCI 的发展已经相当成熟，只是实际应用的领域很狭窄，大多在辅助
残疾人方面，所以一直蒙着一层神秘的面纱，不为社会大众所熟悉。
在BCI研究进行的同时，有一些喜欢幻想的人们开始构思CBI。顾名思义，与BCI恰好相
反，CBI是通过电信号的方式向某一生物体传递信息，而终极目标则是控制该生物体的
活动。其实早在07年，某高校便通过CBI初步控制了老鼠的运动。
现有的研究，几乎全都集中于生物电流这一相对容易捕捉的信号，而忽略了电流的“影
子”，那个无处不在并且不需要依存于导体的生物电磁场。事实上，如果假以 |
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F****n
发帖数: 438 | 39 【 以下文字转载自 Medicalpractice 讨论区 】
发信人: FeiLun (Is Horrible), 信区: Medicalpractice
标 题: 几篇期刊文章
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Jul 12 22:36:30 2014, 美东)
那位大侠可以帮组查一下这几篇的全文吗？叩谢。
请发：y******[email protected].
I.
Role of small-conductance calcium-activated potassium channels in atrial
electrophysiology and fibrillation in the dog.
Qi XY1, Diness JG, Brundel BJ, Zhou XB, Naud P, Wu CT, Huang H, Harada M,
Aflaki M, Dobrev D, Grunnet M, Nattel S.
Author information
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
Recent evidence points to functional... 阅读全帖 |
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j*******d
发帖数: 54 | 40 If you can find the book written by Hille B. or any medical physiological
book, you will find the answer. According to the Nernst Equation (Nernst
1888), Ek=RT/ZF*ln[K]o/[K]i, an increase in the extracellular K+ concentration
will cause less negative membrane potential (depolarization)! Remember at the
resting conditions, most cell membrane only permeates K+ through membrane, not
Cl-, Ca2+ or Na+. |
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t*********r
发帖数: 31 | 41 Ion channel is very important for the cell to control its resting potential,
propogate of action potential, etc.
One major question in this field is what is the structural and functional
relationship of ionchannels. For example, it is relative clear that the voltage
sensor S4 is critical for voltage dependent response, but how it changes its
structure during depolarization and how it links to the opening of the channel
pore are still unclear. Not until recently ( crystalgraphy of K channels from |
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i***R
发帖数: 663 | 42 Yes new iGluR is selective Silencer because it is selective for K. They
took so much trouble to get the selectivity right, and it is a great
improvement.
If ChR2 is selective for Na but not for Ca or Mg it will be much better.
Ca do so much more than depolarization. If we want to ultimately
introduce the channel into the brain to stimulate some neuronal cell, it
is better it won't cause Ca overload.
TRPV1 like ChR2 is non-selective cation channel that causing pain
sensation, but long term activa... 阅读全帖 |
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y**u
发帖数: 7459 | 43 我也奇怪来着，一般biological process都是和calcium有关的，而且CME也不是
depolarization-dependent. |
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E**********1
发帖数: 73 | 44 请问一下各位都知道哪些方法可以提高胞内Ca2+浓度?我用的是MEFs.
我现在只知道一种是用50mM的KCl加到culture medium里面，induce depolarization,
然后使voltage-dependent calcium channel打开，使胞内Ca2+升高。但是有一点不确
定的是MEFs是否有voltage-dependent calcium channel。
求各位指点，在此先谢过了！~ |
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a*****x
发帖数: 901 | 45 如果你的记录条件很接近生理环境，I=0的电压近似等于RMP。严格的话应该用
intracellular recording。
I-V curve一般是针对特定的离子通道的，用voltage-clamp。如果你要测的是不同
current injection下膜电位的变化，可以用current clamp。但是对于neuron来说，
depolarize到一定阈值就fire了，也就不再有简单的I-V关系。 |
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k*****1
发帖数: 454 | 46 针对你现在说的几点
1.“H-H原文明确区分了”supposed“”charged molecule"，和运载离子电流的"
sodium"
.波尔兹曼定律描述的是前者，不是后者。而你的原贴中让人误解为后者，跟贴中更是
强调了这一点。这是不符合作者原意的。”
这点你的意见是对的。我应该先说明一下，免得后面人误会。
“2.你说H-H的设想中，带电分子（原文可没有说是载体，请不要乱翻译）要运动到膜外
是不对的。“他们明确说了是"on the inside/outside of membrane",以及"
neglectable concentrations elsewhere".同时如果带电分子如果可以脱离膜的话，他
们用波尔兹曼的公式就不对了。因为电场只存在跨膜区域中。如果他们用的真是载体这
个词，就更
不可能脱离膜了。”
你看这句：“Since both combined and uncombined carrier molecules bear a
negative charge they are attracted to the outside of the membrane in ... 阅读全帖 |
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A**r
发帖数: 43 | 47 你的意思是，这个蛋白在depolarization之后会被recruit到Arc和Fos的promoter，
但是敲掉之后，Arc和Fos的mRNA level没有变化？
有没有类似功能的蛋白可能compensate你的manipulation？
除了ChIP data之外，还有什么证据支持“认为它可以调节neuronal activity
dependent gene expression”？
这个蛋白是DNA-binding或者histone-binding么？跟transcription factor有关？ |
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A**r
发帖数: 43 | 48 不知道。。。只能瞎猜了
敲掉这个基因会不会影响histone modification？
如果还是从induction的角度的话，
有没有可能是KCl depolarization的刺激太强了，掩盖了一些细微的变化？没准用
physiology level的stimulation，能看到induction的不同？
有没有可能影响induction的快慢？Arc和c-Fos在几分钟之内就产生mRNA，敲掉这个基
因之后，没准induction变慢了（前十几分钟的mRNA变少），但是一个小时之后测mRNA
，可能看不出啥变化。 |
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O********4
发帖数: 113 | 49 没错，我在考虑这事情过去以后可以去趟一下这个浑水。类似的铁硫蛋白都可能有意想
不到的活力。
我和这哥们在波士顿的时候算牌友，他以前做integrin的，但我离开波士顿后很多年没
联系了。知道他回国并做得并不顺，几年没什么paper, 没想到憋大招呢！ 不过被黑
的太厉害了，世道险恶啊。不过他应该能得到该得的credit.
既然是生物版，我们猜下这个protein 的机理吧，这么小的蛋白，我猜一定是
magnetic filed induces protein polymerization, assembling into a larger
complex that eventually depolarizes membrane. Other components may also be
recruited, so you should look at their interacting proteins. |
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