V******9
发帖数: 1281 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 Joke 讨论区 】
发信人: foxzeng (fox), 信区: Joke
标 题: 为什么蚊子咬在手脚掌特别痒？学术贴
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed May 19 21:32:12 2010, 美东)
为什么蚊子咬在手脚掌特别痒？
为学术版做贡献，蚊子咬人浅析：
1.首先，我们要知道问什么会痒：
蚊子吸血是用其针状口器插入表皮，并同时释放含有抗凝血剂的唾液来防止血液凝结。
但是，痒的感觉并不是因为口针刺入或唾液里的化学物质而引起的，而是因为体内的免
疫系统在这时会释出一种称为组织胺(histamine)的蛋白质，用以对抗外来物质，而这
个免疫反应引发了叮咬部位的过敏反应。当血液流向叮咬处以加速组织复原时，组织胺
会造成叮咬处周围组织的肿胀和瘙痒甚至疼痛（被蜜蜂叮）。
2. 第二我们要知道表皮基本结构：
由外及内：表皮，真皮，皮下组织。只有皮下组织才有毛细血管。也就是蚊子的目标。
表皮和真皮中，真皮部比表皮厚15倍左右。在人体各处真皮的厚度不同，手掌、足底的
真皮较厚，约3mm以上，眼睑等处最薄，约0.6mm。一般厚度在1—2mm之间。
然后我们可以 |
|
S*****s
发帖数: 287 | 2 Inverse agonist?
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Inverse_agonist
In pharmacology, an inverse agonist is an agent that binds to the same
receptor binding-site as an agonist for that receptor and reverses
constitutive activity of receptors.[1] Inverse agonists exert the opposite
pharmacological effect of a receptor agonist. Inverse agonists are effective
against certain types of receptors (e.g., certain histamine receptors and
GABA receptors[2]) that have intrinsic activity without the action of a
l... 阅读全帖 |
|
i****g
发帖数: 3896 | 3 不知道你为什么这么喜欢臆想一些毫无根据的可能，说得越多越当真似的。
Kobilka在Nature发b2AR结构的几乎同时，Raymond Stevens也和他在Science发了两篇
back to back的b2AR结构文章，两人都为通讯作者。之后Stevens又单独或和其他人发
了几篇。Stevens是结构生物学家，以前不做GPCR，也和施一公一样研究很多蛋白结构
，发了不少CNS。但最后是Kobilka和导师Lefkowitz得了炸药奖，Stevens没得。而
Lefkowitz的工作从来就和b2AR的晶体结构无关。
这是Kobilka和Lefkowitz获诺贝尔奖的原因，30-40年的工作，b2AR结构只是GPCR三个重
大发现中的一个：
http://www.nobelprize.org/nobel_prizes/chemistry/laureates/2012
"for studies of G-protein–coupled receptors"
Lefkowitz started to use radioactivity in 1968 in order to trac... 阅读全帖 |
|
f******h
发帖数: 5 | 4 标题： Transvascular flux and tissue accrual of Evans blue: effects of
endotoxin and histamine.
作者：Green TP , Johnson DE , Marchessault RP , Gatto CW
杂志：The Journal of laboratory and clinical medicine 1988 Feb; 111(2):173-
83.
PMID：3276800
Thanks a lot.
[email protected]
/* */ |
|
D*****t
发帖数: 324 | 5 近日到灵隐寺游玩,被香熏得开始打喷嚏,每隔若干秒就打一次,持续了一天多后决定不
用药不行了,因为眼睛都快睁不开了. 平时看了一些中医基础知识,知道中医能治. 恰好
旅店旁就是浙江省中医院, 就去看了一下.
以前有过这样地打喷嚏,流清鼻涕, 吃anti-histamine(Allegra),也要至少一个星期才
好,所以决定试一下中医.
中医问我有无寒热, 我说身体觉得有微热.
开了桂枝颗粒,吃到第九包症状完全消失.用了三天.
有高人帮助解释一下? |
|
g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 6 Sounds like allergy to me. A seasonal allergy usually occur in April & May.
It affects your nasal mucosa and conjunctiva, but no fever or other
systemic problems. Nasal discharge is clear. Take a mirror and look at
your eye white, usually you can see many dilated blood vessels. They are
the result of histamine.
You can try Zytec, Allergra or Claritin to lower your mast cell activity.
However, according to my experience, it offers some relief but never 100%.
There are also eyedrops and na |
|
g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 7 If the nasal congestion occurs every year in the spring, it is highly
suggestive of allergy to tree pollens (Pine, Maple, Oak) in America.
During a full spell of allergy, fluticasone may not be sufficient to
control is your overreactive immune response in nasal mucosa. Second
generation anti-histamine like Zytec, Allegra should offer some help.
If your nasal congestion also occurs during other seasons, it may be
allergy to other substances or non-allergic problems. You may want to
see an imm |
|
g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 8 来自主题: ChineseMed版 - 针灸治过敏 There have been multiple evidence-based medicine studies trying to sort
out the efficacy of acupuncture on allergy treatment. A reason review
article published in good journal concludes that it is at least as
effective as anti-histamine. However, the quality of the available
studies are yet not very good and need to be repeated in the future.
That is the way to go for acupuncture. Unfortunately, still not an
article from mainland China, although by Chinese scholars in Australia.
http://www.nc |
|
g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 9 来自主题: ChineseMed版 - 针灸治过敏 There have been multiple evidence-based medicine studies trying to sort
out the efficacy of acupuncture on allergy treatment. A reason review
article published in good journal concludes that it is at least as
effective as anti-histamine. However, the quality of the available
studies are yet not very good and need to be repeated in the future.
That is the way to go for acupuncture. Unfortunately, still not an
article from mainland China, although by Chinese scholars in Australia.
http://www.nc... 阅读全帖 |
|
a*******n
发帖数: 82 | 10 好的。其实mgh pocket book在interview的过程中大概过了一遍，最有印象的还是哪些
在临床见习中见过的疾病，其他的看了就明白，过后就糊涂。想着是不是等真正开始了
见了实际病例再读比较有效。所以就想把疾病的发音重点练习一下。不是要把它吃透的
。你觉得呢？
那个tarascon pocket pharmacopoeia都是些药物用法，我是肯定不会去记的（也记不
住），想优先练一下analgesics, cardiovascular, pulmonary, diabetes-related,
anti-histamines, anti-tussives, anxiolytics/hynotics常用药物的商品名和发音。
还有哪些类是大内科病房常用的？
另外，在医院里用EMR写大病历的话，是不是ROS和PE只要一项项click就行了，只要写
好HPI和A/P就好了？
谢谢了啊！ |
|
m***d
发帖数: 441 | 11 Q18 google一下觉得应该是喉返神经，但是不知道是左还是右。
Q17 有些人选的是C,为什么TNF会导致hypotension?我觉得应该是histamin. |
|
h***a
发帖数: 312 | 12 Pt with blood group O undergoing operation for repair of aortic aneurysm..
mistakenly transfused with group A unit of packed rbcs.he goes into shock.a
blod sample is merkedly homolyzed.which of the following is the primary mech
for hemolysis?
1-action by properdin to cleave c3
2-action of c5-9 complex of complement
3-activation of factor 12
4-prod of c5a to stimulate phagocytosis
5-release of histamin by action of c5a |
|
发帖数: 1 | 13 Step1于我，就如我死缠烂打但对我爱答不理的那个人。说不上满心痴爱，可能就是因
为越是得不到越想要。
而今，看清自己的真爱，撩起面纱，你的模样，我记住了。
曾经拥有过，也是幸福的。
人生开悟篇：
20岁的时候很懵懂，以为来到美国就能够找寻自己。当初在国内，就是受不了一眼能看
到自己老死的生活，觉得十分可怕，所以不管用什么方法，哪怕是“嫁人”也要来到美
国（说笑了)。 想体会“人生拥有无限的可能性”。正如乐嘉所说，大红色性格的人以
体验为主，觉得经历才是人生最值得回味的事情。事实证明，试了很多工作，还是无法
找到自己，原因是1. 挣得钱和“能力”不能对等；即便是挣很多钱/month（最多可以$
$$/day)依旧没有幸福感和自我存在感 。什么是自己的小宇宙？？一直很好奇。每天梦
想自己小宇宙的爆发。看了半天，找寻了半天，结果相中了board。原因有3：1. 非常
清晰但是又非常有challenge的career path；升级过程中不至于boring 2. 有里子有面
子；3.从小就要做医生，不违背自己的本心。但是事实是：
第一本FA是2010的，满心欢喜的买回来发现，生词太多。一学期... 阅读全帖 |
|
f*****y
发帖数: 847 | 14 Isoniazid has some monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI) activity. Isoniazid
can alter metabolism of tyramine-containing foods, leading to reactions
associated with MAOI drugs (diarrhea, flushing, sweating, pounding chest,
dangerous changes in blood pressure, and other symptoms).People taking
isoniazid should avoid tyramine-containing foods.
Isoniazid can also alter metabolism of histamine-containing foods, leading
to headaches, sweating, pounding chest, flushing, diarrhea, low blood
pressure, and |
|
c****m
发帖数: 626 | 15 Did you buy this:
http://www.drugstore.com/vicks-nature-fusion-cold-and-flu-night
Active Ingredients: Acetaminophen (650 mg), Dextromethorphan HBr (30 mg),
Doxylamine Succinate (7.5 mg)
Acetaminophen is pain reliever,
Dextromethorphan HBr (30 mg) is for suppressing cough.
Doxylamine Succinate (7.5 mg) is anti histamine and it is what makes you
drowsy. It is to dry runny nose.
You can try to find non-drowsy medicationsl. Look for active ingredient:
Loratadine http://www.drugstore.com/claritin-d... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
f****o
发帖数: 2770 | 17 1st gen anti-histamine is the most effective OTC but they are not
recommended for elderly. Based on the information given, the mother is
likely to use chronically.
TCA nortriptyline and desipramine do not have active metabolites and have
the least anticholinergic effect compared to other TCAs.
1st gen antihistamines are on the Beer's list, nortriptyline and desipramine
are listed as preferred alternatives on the Beer's list.
Low dose TCA is not reserved for depressed patients who have insomnia. ... 阅读全帖 |
|
d******i
发帖数: 62 | 18 到底算不算正常
有慢性荨麻疹（anti-histamine每天半片的样子） |
|
d******i
发帖数: 62 | 19 到底算不算正常
有慢性荨麻疹（anti-histamine每天半片的样子） |
|
m*****h
发帖数: 16 | 20 中医科学化其实就是西医化。。。
青蒿素就是一个典型的例子， 一个中药， 几千年前没准就知道对Malaria有效， 但是
如果不是提纯出有效成分， 估计非洲人也不会去喝那些黑乎乎的汤水的。
青蒿素本身很不稳定，尤其怕热， 在形成过程中收外界气候土壤影响非常严重， 并不
是所有地上长的青蒿都会有青蒿素成分在里面的。 这个例子肯定也适用于其他的中药。
。。
这也注定了只有提纯出有效成分（西医之路)才是中药的出路。
可怕的是, 今天的中药发展出来的所谓科学方法就是往里面加西药而已
比如什么中药可以治疗失眠， 其实里面加了个老掉牙的西药，某个Histamine
antagonist；
什么中药可以治疗高血压的，其实里面加了某个老掉牙的calcium channel blocker，
或者
adrenergic receptor antagonist。
什么壮阳的中药， 里面加了什么我就不用说了 |
|
|
f**********g
发帖数: 2252 | 22 来自主题: _pennystock版 - ARNA Arena reports Phase 1 results of drug candidate for narcolepsy with
cataplexy
Friday 10/22/2010 9:50 AM ET - Datamonitor
Related Companies
Symbol Last %Chg
ARNA 1.76 20.55%
As of 11:05 AM ET 10/22/10
Arena Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a clinical-stage biopharmaceutical company, has
announced results from a Phase 1 clinical trial of APD916, a drug candidate
discovered by Arena that targets the histamine H3 receptor for the
treatment of narcolepsy with cataplexy.
The randomized, double-blind and placebo... 阅读全帖 |
|
