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x*****d
发帖数: 427
1
来自主题: Mathematics版 - [李淼]弦论通俗演义(44)
弦论通俗演义
李 淼
第十二章 黑洞
第二节
李淼
斯特劳明格和瓦法的黑洞构造利用了新发现不久的带雷芒荷的D膜,他
们的工作出现于96年一月,距泡耳钦斯基的D膜文章只有三个月,这在
当时也是正常的,那时的发展的确飞快,弦论的知识一天一个样。虽然
他们的五维黑洞的构造是第一个,却不是最简单和最自然的。最简单的
构造由卡伦(C. Callan)和马德西纳给出,相应的文章出现在斯特劳
明格和瓦法文章的一个月之后。在这篇文章中,卡伦和马德西纳不但讨
论了临界黑洞,还讨论了稍微偏离临界黑洞的情况,也给出了霍金蒸发
计算的大致想法。所以,我们先从这篇文章谈起。
将型II弦紧化在五维的环面上,由于T对偶,我们既可以从IIB出发,也
可以从IIA出发,比较简单的是IIB中的构造。我们要构造一个既带三种
荷的黑洞,同时还要求一些残余的超对称没有破缺。这个要求很重要,
我们后面要解释为什么重要。在IIB理论中,我们有D1膜和D5膜,这些
可以被利用,D7膜不能被利用,因为横向空间只有两维。D5膜和D1膜可
以形成束缚态,只有四分之一的超对称没有破缺。这个束缚态有许多解
释,其中最直观的解释是将D1膜看成D
x*****d
发帖数: 427
2
来自主题: Mathematics版 - [李淼]第十三章 矩阵理论 第一节

文章出处:pku
发信人: mewmew (夜猫子), 信区: Science
标 题: 第十三章 矩阵理论 第一节
发信站: 北大未名站 (2003年07月30日15:03:19 星期三) , 站内信件
第十三章 矩阵理论
第一节
李淼
M理论在超弦理论中的地位自95年威顿的文章开始变得越来越重要,但
是,除了低能极限是11维超引力以及五维膜和两维膜的存在,人们对M
理论的其他性质一无所知。特别是,我们无法量子化超引力,11维微扰
超引力到了一定的圈数是发散的。可以说我们没有一个M理论的微观理
论。
泡耳钦斯基的D膜理论发表之后,我们对M理论中出现的KK引力子,就是
IIA理论中的D0膜有了一定的理解。但这个理解也不出低能的范围,因
为一个完备的D膜理论涉及所有的开弦激发态。 令人惊讶的是,96年十
月份班克斯(T. Banks)等四人提出M理论的非微扰量子理论其实是多D0
膜理论的一个极限,而需要的D0膜理论也只涉及到低能理论。这个理论
提出来时许多人不相信,因为这个理论也太简单了,怎么可能是包罗万
象的M理论?
要理解当时四人提出这个理论的原因,我们需要了解提出这个理论的两
v********a
发帖数: 27
3
来自主题: MedicalCareer版 - 乳腺癌治疗求建议
Thank you guys for the reply. It is very helpful. I noticed that the IIA
diagnosis may be wrong, should be IIB.
p********g
发帖数: 372
4
来自主题: MedicalCareer版 - Pediatrics match group 2013
网上搜来的,
Pediatrics residency program ranking list
Kinda IA =
Hopkins
CHOP
Columbia
Cornell
Boston Children's
Yale
Pittsburgh Children's
DC Children's
Kinda IB =
NYU
Mt. Sinai
Einstein/Montefiore
Kinda Tier IIA
St. Christopher's
Jefferson/DuPont
U. Maryland
UMDNJ/Robert Wood Johnson-New Brunswick
Long Island Jewish/Schneider's
Tufts
U. Connecticut
Kinda Tier IIB
Einstein-Jacobi
New York Medical College
SUNY Downstate
Penn State
Stony Brook
The smaller/less known ones are very good, too. Just not p... 阅读全帖
a******7
发帖数: 21
5
是做 Clinical Biomarker 的还是传统的 early clinical development (e.g. Phase
I, Phase IIa)?
这几段话说的模糊
http://www.nibr.com/research/clinical/tran_medicine.shtml
Thanks.
h*******o
发帖数: 4884
6
来自主题: Pharmaceutical版 - FDA方法的死穴是什么?
well, somebody I knew just get their IND approved for Phase I and IIa trials
on a combinational formulation, which includes three compounds.
Also, think about drug/device combo,
none of them will likely to work if administered alone. althought a Little
bit more complicated, it is still pretty much the same process. depends on
its primary mechanisms of action, it may go to CDER or CDRH.
j*******1
发帖数: 266
7
来自主题: Pharmaceutical版 - FDA方法的死穴是什么?
“作为FDA,没有任何incentive去为了降低industry的cost,而降低他们的标准和要求。
正常的思路应该是在达到FDA的标准的情况下,怎么采取更好的办法,去降低R&D的成本
.”
FDA 要怎么做是它的事,我只是说如此一来很多病治不了。正常的思路应该FDA认清自
己的问题,想办法解决问题。FDA 的规矩是人定的,是为人服务的,人是可以改规矩的。
“Gilead最新的HIV药,他们称为Quad,一共四个有效成分,其中两个是NCE,分别为
Elvitegravir和cobicistat。另外两个成分是emtricitabine和tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate。这个NDA已经被FDA接受,而且很可能会批准。这不只是个例,只要愿意找,
可以找到更多。
HIV是我说的2类病,另外两个成分emtricitabine和tenofovir disoproxil
fumarate 已证明对它有效,在加上Elvitegravir和cobicistat 有多少benefit。 而且
这种是两个NCE的有几列?更不要说更多的NCE了。而3类病,没有人知道需几个NCE。... 阅读全帖
e******e
发帖数: 5
8
来自主题: Physics版 - 如何理解11dimension?
this is apparently bullshit. 11-d sugra is known to be dim-reducted to IIA
sugra.
p.s. 11=4+7 or 11=7+4 look much better, lol

witten

发帖数: 1
9
爱因斯坦的未竟之梦: 物理规律的大统一
2017-04-22现代科学报
东临碣石观沧海, 洪波滚滚天际来, 苍穹尽处水 连天, 宇河一统在此间. 其实, 人类
一直在追求对自 然界各种物质起源的理解以及各种相互作用的大统 一, 这体现了人类
对物质世界本源和谐统一的一种 信念. 古往今来, 人们一直企图从统一的角度来理解
世界的物质基础和基本规律, 无论是古希腊还是古 代中国, 都产生过朴素的唯物论,
把万物的本源归结 于具体的物质形态或者是“原子”和“气”等, 试图从本 源统一的
角度来理解形形色色的物质世界. 统一是 物理学发展的主旋律, 统一之路曲折漫长,
统一之美 引无数英雄竞折腰. 统一不仅是爱因斯坦的梦想, 也 是众多物理英豪的毕生
追求. 本文将对物理学中的 统一之路展开简要的评述, 不仅介绍已经成功的统 一理论
, 也将提及一些优美的不成功的统一尝试, 最 后评论正在进展中的终极大统一理论.
1 统一理论的发展历史
1.1 物理学的第一次统一 (天和地的统一)
基于伽利略相对性原理和惯性系的假设, 牛顿提出了三个运动定律来描述质点的运动规
律. 结合 万有引力, 牛... 阅读全帖
a******7
发帖数: 21
10
是传统的 early clinical development (e.g. Phase I, Phase IIa) 还是别的啥的?
statistics support 这个部门就是 clinical pharmacology statistics 吗?
这几段话说的模糊
http://www.nibr.com/research/clinical/tran_medicine.shtml
Thanks.
g*******i
发帖数: 258
11
are you saying probit with Bayesian estimation proposed by Chib?
The biggest problem with probit is it needs to deal with truncated normal,
which bothers researchers for decades. Even now truncated normal takes lots
of time. In real applications, people rarely use probit, even though it is
free from the independence of irrelevant alternatives restriction. Most
people, including some well developed business packages, use logistic and
ignore this IIA assumption in trade of efficiency.

convenient
P********r
发帖数: 1304
12
来自主题: Statistics版 - 两个药厂职位求比较
背景生统phD。
1.中型药厂,传染病方向,缺点:地方贵; 优点: 节奏快,很可能参与submission的
项目;
2.大药厂,心血管和代谢方向, 地方比1便宜,主要做Phase IIa之前的early
development, 没什么突出的缺点和优点。
从今后发展来讲,大药厂的背景重要还是有submission经历重要?疾病领域上讲哪个方
向更广阔些?大家随便给点意见吧。
c**i
发帖数: 6973
13
来自主题: Medicalpractice版 - 问高收入医生们一个职业选择的问题。
A biologist by training who came from Taiwan, I have lived in US for more
than a quarter century, mostly at Boston, Massachusetts. I am familiar with
medical field in Taiwan and biological field in US, somewhat with medical
and legal fields in US.
We have no idea what you describe yourself is true or not. As they say, "On
the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/On_the_Internet,_nobody_knows_you%27re_a_dog
Yet, why do I go through all the troubles to point out your... 阅读全帖
c**i
发帖数: 6973
14
来自主题: Medicalpractice版 - 问高收入医生们一个职业选择的问题。
A biologist by training who came from Taiwan, I have lived in US for more
than a quarter century, mostly at Boston, Massachusetts. I am familiar with
medical field in Taiwan and biological field in US, somewhat with medical
and legal fields in US.
We have no idea what you describe yourself is true or not. As they say, "On
the Internet, nobody knows you're a dog."
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki
/On_the_Internet,_nobody_knows_you%27re_a_dog
Yet, why do I go through all the troubles to point out your... 阅读全帖
M****a
发帖数: 577
15
来自主题: Medicalpractice版 - 求助:父亲结肠癌
Bless
淋巴结清扫中应该取出至少12个淋巴结,而且都没有转移,才算比较肯定淋巴结阴性。
不过既然只取出9个,那就9个吧。肿瘤分期T3/4N0M0, Stage IIA/B,不知道国内早中
晚期是如何分类的,我猜是中期。
化疗还是要听肿瘤科的。肿瘤切除术后如果恢复正常,营养跟得上,一般6-8周后就可
以化疗了。因为又做了一次开腹手术,化疗可能会推后几周。不过肿瘤已经生长很多年
了,早几周晚几周不影响不是很大,所以不要太过担心。
手术应该是右半结肠切除术吧?有没有切横结肠?有没有造瘘?
A*******s
发帖数: 9638
16
来自主题: Medicalpractice版 - 阿司匹林
现在的阿司匹林好像跟维生素一样广泛使用。 今天有个病人跟我说,反正没有什么副
作用,吃了可以防止心脏病和中风。 没有副作用是不正确的,当然小剂量应该没太大
问题。 问题是什么人该吃,什么人不该吃?吃了又怎么样?这个问题肯定是仁者见仁
,智者见智。
对中风的预防,我主张有症状的病人服用, 比方说TIA和stroke病人。 但如果临床上
病人有高风险发生中风,比方说众多的中风危险因素以及MRI的发现,我会使用阿司匹
林。 其他没有症状的病人,我是反对使用的,因为阿司匹林还是有副作用的, 而且没
有足够证据证明ASA可以预防原发中风。
对心血管医生来说,他们有他们的标准,病人使用阿司匹林是为了预防冠心病,与中风
预防无关。 Garland或其他心脏病医生可以谈谈你们的使用原则。
下面是一些关于ASA的使用guidelines:
1. The use of aspirin for cardiovascular (including but
not specific to stroke) prophylaxis is recommended
for persons whose risk is s... 阅读全帖
s*x
发帖数: 3328
17
来自主题: _Piano版 - The Legend of 1900 (1998) zz
翻译为海上钢琴师,原名La Leggenda del pianista sull' oceano
原片名 La Leggenda del pianista sull ' oceano(意大利文)
转载自百度 http://baike.baidu.com/view/21055.htm
1.基本信息
更多中文片名 1900海上钢琴师 声光伴我飞 一九零零的传奇
更多外文片名 The Legend of the Pianist on the Ocean .....(USA) The
Legend of 1900
影片类型 奇幻 / 剧情 / 音乐
片长 160分钟/法国:120分钟
国家/地区 意大利
对白语言 英语 法语
色彩 彩色 混音杜比数码环绕声
评级 Rated R for language.
级别 Singapore:PG Argentina:Atp Portugal:M/12 Australia:M UK:15 Finland:
S France:U USA:R Italy:T Germany:6 Netherlands:AL Hong Kong:IIA Switzerland
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
18
Men's Arizona Edge Thong/ Flip Flop Sandals $5 shipped
Checked out a bunch of sandals, looks like these are new adds since the last
SD onslaught. Multiple sizes, 2 colors. Free ship shows at checkout.
Not advisable to use coupon multiple times on same day, duplicates usually
cancelled.
Use code GO2TEN diamondie
Arizona Edge Men's Thong Sandals
Link:
http://www3.jcpenney.com/jcp/x6.aspx?catnum=RN063-6209Q&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop3.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.asp?iia=yZ1zZ
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
19
JCPenny has Studio Cooper Folding Ottoman for $16.05. Select two for $32.8.
Link:
http://www5.jcpenney.com/jcp/X6.aspx?catnum=FC774-2053B&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop5.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.aspx?iia=yaZ5YaZaa5Y5Ga35aZZZHZ1Htg&CmCatId=bag|ordersummary&CmCatId=bag|ordersummary
Add to cart.
Use the coupon TOYTIME.
Use FREE ship to store shipping.
Enjoy!!
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
20
JCPenney is offering an amazing deal on a 6-pc Chateau Towel Set, consisting
of 2 bath towels, 2 hand towels and 2 washcloths. Original price on these
is $50 and have been dropped to $12.99 as a special. Apply coupon code
GIVEJOY and your total is $2.99 SHIPPED!!! (Must select ship to store to
receive price)
6-pc Chateau Towel Set from JCP:
http://www5.jcpenney.com/jcp/X6.aspx?catnum=QF740-4000D&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop5.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.aspx?iia=yZ1zz3Za33ZgzG... 阅读全帖
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
22
Playmat with 25 Cars:
http://www2.jcpenney.com/jcp/x6.aspx?catnum=FC655-2156B&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop2.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.aspx?iia=y5Z5ggay33agYaggaZZZ0ZZ0GT&CmCatId=ordersummary&CmCatId=ordersummary
is on sale for $7.99 at JCpenney.com, Original $29.99.
$7.99 - 20% off code 4RELVES = $6.39
Select in-store pick up to save on shipping.
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
24
JC Penney has Matchbox's Stinky the Garbage Truck on sale for $39.99. Use
coupon code 2BMERRY for an additional 10% off, and free shipping to store.
[Link:
http://www5.jcpenney.com/jcp/X6.aspx?catnum=FC655-1263B&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop5.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.aspx?iia=yaaagyaaZ1ZZZa3gaZZZtHztzz&CmCatId=ordersummary&CmCatId=ordersummary&FromBanners=Y]Stinky
the Garbage Truck[/url]
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
25
JCPenney has Free CountrySki Pants for $17+ with FREE Shipment to Store.
Link:
http://www2.jcpenney.com/jcp/X6.aspx?catnum=FC518-2228D&action=Edit&ItemSeq=0&EditRefPage=https://shop2.jcpenney.com/jcp/OrderSummary.aspx?iia=yaZ5YaZaa5Y5Ga35aZZZHZ1Htg&CmCatId=bag|ordersummary&CmCatId=bag|ordersummary
Similar products are $50+ else where
Some Leather Jackets from $19+ Limited Sizes
Link:
http://www2.jcpenney.com/jcp/XGN.aspx?DeptID=70673&CatID=71049&Ne=5 969 29 3 8 1031 18 904 833 949&shopperType=G&... 阅读全帖
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
26
A slab of Level II body armor - with a clip (for paper).
Level II body armor protects against 9mm, as well as all those calibers
protected by Level I and Level IIA.
25 year limited manufacturer warranty.
UL Rated for Level II protection.
Weight: approx. 3 lbs.
Dimensions: 9" x 12".
Link:
http://www.thinkgeek.com/homeoffice/supplies/e769/
w*******y
发帖数: 60932
27
JC Penny hasthis 4 Story Wooden Dollhouse:
https://shop2.jcpenney.com/jcp/ConfirmOrder.aspx?iia=
y8mCnfxdVnDTwwmvMVZZH53TgZ&ts=11%2F30%2F2011%2009%3A47%3A09&target=&CmCatId=
ordersummary
on sale for $49.99
Add Coupon Code BIGELF to bring the price down to $39.99
Some users have reported this coupon making ship to store option free.
For me it was $5.99 ship to store, or $7.99 ship to home.
I have seen similar dollhouses for $80+ ON SALE, so I'm assuming this is a
pretty good deal - though I don... 阅读全帖
p***o
发帖数: 714
28
来自主题: _pennystock版 - zz 关于INCY的FA
by pennbrook@168
好久没有正经写点东西了, 今天说说rheumatoid arthritis.
Inappropriate inflammatory cell response is associated with autoimmune
diseases, a spectrum of disorders in which the immune system malfunctions
and causes the body to attack its own organs, tissues, and cells.
The body's own immune system attacks a joint's synovial membrane, which
becomes inflamed, secretes fluid, and the cartilage becomes rough and pitted.
Rheumatoid arthritis大家应该都知道, 基本上每个药出来都是blockbuster.
现在的几种主要治疗方法是:
1. NSAID: 象Pf... 阅读全帖
c*****j
发帖数: 92
29
来自主题: _pennystock版 - PRAN +85%
Ten-Bagger Chase Goes After Prana (PRAN)
April 19, 2010 · Filed Under Financial, alzheimer's
Prana Biotechnology Ltd. (NASDAQ: PRAN) is up over 100% today on some
published data. The share trading activity is indicative of traders and
investors looking for the next biotech ten-bagger, or that search for a 1,
000% Gainer.
The report causing the run-up is new published analysis of its clinical
trial excerpt taken from the Journal of Alzheimer’s Disease.
The publication published an article about ... 阅读全帖
e*n
发帖数: 1511
30
来自主题: _pennystock版 - IDIX KID
Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a biopharmaceutical company, engages in the
discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of human viral and
other infectious diseases in the United States and Europe. The company
primarily focuses its research and development on the treatment for
hepatitis C virus. The company develops nucleoside/nucleotide polymerase
inhibitors, including IDX184, a liver-targeted nucleotide prodrug candidate,
which is in phase IIa clinical trial; and IDX102 that completed l... 阅读全帖
m*z
发帖数: 2356
31
来自主题: _pennystock版 - 【技术贴】IDIX
Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Idenix) is a biopharmaceutical company engaged
in the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of human viral
diseases with operations in the United States and Europe. The Company抯
research and development focus is on the treatment of hepatitis C virus (HCV
). In July 2009, the Company completed the proof-of-concept clinical trial
in treatment-naive HCV genotype I infected patients. In October 2009, it
initiated a 14-day dose-ranging phase IIa clinical t... 阅读全帖
f**********g
发帖数: 2252
32
来自主题: _pennystock版 - IDIX
Idenix Announces Data Presentations at the 61st Annual Meeting of the
American Association for the Study of Liver Diseases (AASLD)
Friday 10/01/2010 9:55 AM ET - Pr Newswire
Related Companies
Symbol Last %Chg
IDIX 3.65 7.35%
As of 10:56 AM ET 10/6/10
Idenix Pharmaceuticals, Inc. (Nasdaq: IDIX), a biopharmaceutical company
engaged in the discovery and development of drugs for the treatment of human
viral diseases, today announced that three abstracts have been accepted for
presentation at the 61s... 阅读全帖
b*****g
发帖数: 2727
33
来自主题: _Rangefinder版 - 有玩XA的么
很喜欢xa,但是已经很久不照了,偶尔拿出来把玩把玩。
自己有凤凰205,canon afml, canon 17 QL-iii, minox gt, xa, olympus om, 最喜欢
的还是xa, 特别是和a11小闪灯一起晚上用。刚拍了个 vito iia,还在路上。在想是不
是要收个 rollei 35se玩玩。
c******s
发帖数: 5583
34
来自主题: _Rangefinder版 - 有没有用Contax IIIa的
太重,太大,meter废物,不过好看是挺好看的。
推荐contax iia color dial or ii。 看我头像. 镜头讲究也很多。 比较好的如21,
35 biogon,50mm的sonnar都不错。
p**p
发帖数: 3386
35
来自主题: _Rangefinder版 - 有没有用Contax IIIa的
III的meter是怎么用的?直接在取景器里面取景,然后按某个键测光,最后再从顶上读
出测光值?
IIa和IIIa的主要区别是不是meter?
21/35/50大概什么价算deal?
就是被机器的造型毒到了,呵呵
p**p
发帖数: 3386
36
来自主题: _Rangefinder版 - 有没有用Contax IIIa的
可惜没有IIa/IIIa的,你那个是II吧,据说rangefinder有超长基线,但体积大,做工没
有a版好,不知你的感觉是不是这样
你那个finder在KEH要买到将近3、4百,CV的finder是不是那个21/25的?觉得chrome版
本和机身应该很配
b*****g
发帖数: 2727
37
来自主题: _Rangefinder版 - 发现这个相机还有点毒
我有,大了。一直想找个ultron 502的iia
c******s
发帖数: 5583
38
来自主题: _FilmPhotography版 - 跟Nikon S2 类似的还有啥?
单机600? 怎么可能。 普通chrome dial加个镜头也就600$。 black dial稍贵一点点。
类似的还有contax iia
V*********t
发帖数: 1478
39
来自主题: _AudioBook版 - 大家圣诞节快乐
不好说
其实最初导出M-Theory它只不过是IIA型超弦理论的强耦合极限
后来才发现能从它导出所有的五种超弦理论
现在对于M-Theory(甚至就是对于弦论本身),我们实际上都是处于初级阶段,太多的
东西还不了解,比如说我们连M-Theory的基本原理都不知道
还有很多很多的事情要做的,呵呵呵呵
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