a*********a 发帖数: 3656 | 1 我就是给他提个醒,这样的diversification还是有pitfall的。不要太大意。
又是关联问题:) 如果他投一万个,但是每每之间的correlation是1,跟投1个没有任何
区别不是?
低关联的的环境,情况是100个可能有5个default,其他95个没事。强关联的环境,情
况时5%的可能性100个都完蛋,95%的可能性100个一起挺过去。平均yield都是5%,但是
风险的性质完全不一样。100%的可能性输5%比起5%的可能性全输光,对大多数投资者
impact也是不一样的。
我十来年前毕业第一份工就是做mortgage securitization,也在high yield index桌
子上也呆过。曾经是全职做这方面功课的。:) mortgage securitization 说白了就是
这个思路,N个mortgage pool到一起,default几个无大碍。好多公司做了十几年稳赚
,但是07,08年有的pool的价值一下子砍一半。有的mortgage bond还是有first loss
protection的。
high yield debt平时yield确实不错... 阅读全帖 |
|
h******b 发帖数: 6055 | 2 你投资sp500一样能被腰斩。
p2p lending跟信用卡default rate是直接挂钩的。 历史记录都可以查。 怎么着也
不可能是100%。
信用卡公司成本高太多太多了。 你每个月收到多少offer? 收商家那些手续费,杯
水车薪,根本不能和多出来的成本抵消。
lc的模式是根本不容置疑的。 唯一的担心是lc本身倒闭,或者政府提出新regulation
来打击它。一旦有类似fdic这样的保险公司,保证哪怕lc倒闭了一样有代理来收钱,我
会投更多钱进去的。 你去投资版看看,基本上只有加仓没有减仓的。 |
|
h******b 发帖数: 6055 | 3 lc和prosper户头我都有。
推荐看:
https://www.nsrinvest.com
他们有背测系统,所以肯定是可以收集历史loan数据的。
http://www.lendacademy.com
这个博客也很强,笔者在lc/prosper投了四十万,写自己的经历,公开自己数据,现在
和nsrplatform已经合作开基金了,据说拉到一个亿。
至于你说的,lending robot已经在做了,拉了几个米的投资,收费也很便宜。不过他
们似乎不公开模块performance。 你要是搞一个应该能火。 |
|
w***g 发帖数: 5958 | 4 多谢你的链接。我先看看。不过这东西做出来也没法出来分享,容易惹麻烦,
乐趣就少了很多。得私下里搞。
如果大家都搞machine learning,最后会出现抢deal的现象。
然后就是low latency P2P lending了,然后出来啥co-location,
solarflare网卡之类的东西。哈哈。 |
|
T********i 发帖数: 2416 | 5 同意你的说法。你想个人投资还是想把p2p lending当生意做?这东西当生意做你想做
卖方还是买方?做买方的话arbitrage opportunity在哪里? |
|
h******b 发帖数: 6055 | 6 你就是随机投,25刀一个note买几百个,选中等风险的,没有任何历史信用问题的,用
prosper本身的全自动模式,一年弄个6-8%很轻松,而且没有股市的波动。
你可以看看lending academy每个季度的my returns,真的很稳定。 他优化了他的
model而且精挑细选成绩自然更好,但这个投资本身是赚钱的。 |
|
z**********3 发帖数: 11979 | 7
如果subprime次贷那种系统风险 会不会颗粒无收
好虫在搞lending club
赶走了少一个人讨论分享看法 唉 |
|
w***g 发帖数: 5958 | 8 会。08年的default rate就远高于现在。另外prosper或lending club本身可能完蛋。 |
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h******b 发帖数: 6055 | 9 08年也就是回报低,哪怕颗粒无收,也比股市腰斩强。投资版有个很长的lending club
帖子。好虫只是离开了这个板块吧,别的板块应该无所谓? |
|
a*********a 发帖数: 3656 | 10 我就是给他提个醒,这样的diversification还是有pitfall的。不要太大意。
又是关联问题:) 如果他投一万个,但是每每之间的correlation是1,跟投1个没有任何
区别不是?
低关联的的环境,情况是100个可能有5个default,其他95个没事。强关联的环境,情
况时5%的可能性100个都完蛋,95%的可能性100个一起挺过去。平均yield都是5%,但是
风险的性质完全不一样。100%的可能性输5%比起5%的可能性全输光,对大多数投资者
impact也是不一样的。
我十来年前毕业第一份工就是做mortgage securitization,也在high yield index桌
子上也呆过。曾经是全职做这方面功课的。:) mortgage securitization 说白了就是
这个思路,N个mortgage pool到一起,default几个无大碍。好多公司做了十几年稳赚
,但是07,08年有的pool的价值一下子砍一半。有的mortgage bond还是有first loss
protection的。
high yield debt平时yield确实不错... 阅读全帖 |
|
h******b 发帖数: 6055 | 11 你投资sp500一样能被腰斩。
p2p lending跟信用卡default rate是直接挂钩的。 历史记录都可以查。 怎么着也
不可能是100%。
信用卡公司成本高太多太多了。 你每个月收到多少offer? 收商家那些手续费,杯
水车薪,根本不能和多出来的成本抵消。
lc的模式是根本不容置疑的。 唯一的担心是lc本身倒闭,或者政府提出新regulation
来打击它。一旦有类似fdic这样的保险公司,保证哪怕lc倒闭了一样有代理来收钱,我
会投更多钱进去的。 你去投资版看看,基本上只有加仓没有减仓的。 |
|
A*******y 发帖数: 18 | 12 做预测模型,在这几个领域中哪个有前途一些啊?前途包括好跳槽和拿钱多些。还有,
Credit Risk 和consumer lending有什么区别?一直搞不懂它们的区别。大拿给讲讲啊
! |
|
l***j 发帖数: 59 | 13 关于evaluation,想知道这个model的target variable是啥,是一个分类问题,还是
regression?比如是预测default rate还是收益啥的。
那么相应的选什么作为metrics就很重要,比如AUC、GINI、F1等
再就是是不是balance的,如果0 1分类中1只占1%,那么很高的AUC也不一定说明这个
model值得信赖,比如全都标成0.
这个项目还是很值得一做的,要相信,lending club的model也是他们的model团队搞出
来的,要有信心赛过他们 |
|
E**********e 发帖数: 1736 | 14 这是一个regression 问题, 预测的是default概率。 22%的default rate 是从loan的
历史数据里得到的charge off 的百分比。 也就是说10个人里,最终有2个人charge
off。 考虑到note是收的利息是10-20%( 得比信用卡低个5-10%吧).22%的charge off
还是比较高的。 最近lending club 又提高了利息。
risk modeling 吧,还是AUC比较常用。 说实话, 没有一个metric 能适用普遍情况。 |
|
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w*****d 发帖数: 1172 | 16 【 以下文字转载自 JQCLUB 俱乐部 】
发信人: wetwild (南渡东藏西征北归), 信区: JQCLUB
标 题: Anybody know this bank--" Manhattan's Secret 8.2% Bank Account"
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun May 15 21:33:05 2011, 美东)
An Unbelievable Banking Secret
我收到的email广告,劝说我订它家的,不过这个银行看着很吸引人啊
" Manhattan's Secret 8.2% Bank Account"
Four Miles from the crooks on Wall Street, one unheard-of specialized New
York bank is breaking all the rules and paying its members an astounding 8.2
% annually...
And you'll be shocked to see which banks and mutual fun... 阅读全帖 |
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g********n 发帖数: 2314 | 17 【 以下文字转载自 SanFrancisco 讨论区 】
发信人: qqzj (小车车), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: 号外号外:瑞典利息成负的了。
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Aug 28 11:55:50 2009, 美东)
Bankers watch as Swedish interest rates goes subzero
* Story Highlights
* Swedish Riksbank is the world's first central bank to have negative
interest rates
* Move is designed to encourage commercial banks to boost lending
* Bank of England governor has hinted he may follow the Swedish example
* Fears are rising of a liquidity trap, where cash from... 阅读全帖 |
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h***a 发帖数: 18 | 20 Two openings for SAS Application Developer and Data Analyst in our group.
Sponsor H1B.
If interested, please send me message or leave your email.
Thanks
Below are job description for openings:
Positions: SAS Application Developer
Description:
The Senior SAS Application Developer will be a key member of the Modeling
Data Infrastructure & Technology team within the Chase
Home Lending - Risk Modeling & Forecasting organization. The candidate must
exhibit a thorough understanding of data structures,... 阅读全帖 |
|
a***r 发帖数: 146 | 21 2012 markets: Expect ups and downs
BY Jurrien Timmer, Co-Manager of Fidelity® Global Strategies Fund,
Fidelity Viewpoints — 12/21/11
Consider U.S. stocks, high-yield corporate, and floating-rate high-income
bonds.
It’s been quite a year, one of violent mood swings but little overall
direction. We seem to be in a time warp where everything happens faster and
faster. Everything seems to be correlated. There are very few places to hide
, and even those places don’t feel like good options anymor... 阅读全帖 |
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y****i 发帖数: 17878 | 22 Mortgage Payment reward
To Redeem:
Call our ThankYou Service Center at 1-800-THANKYOU (1-800-842-6596).
Be sure to have the name and correct spelling of your financial lending
institution when you call.
Description
ThankYou® Network offers members the opportunity to use their
ThankYou® Points towards their monthly mortgage payment with financial
lending institutions. ThankYou Members who redeem will receive a letter with
a check issued on behalf of ThankYou Network made out to ... 阅读全帖 |
|
y****i 发帖数: 17878 | 23 Mortgage Payment reward
To Redeem:
Call our ThankYou Service Center at 1-800-THANKYOU (1-800-842-6596).
Be sure to have the name and correct spelling of your financial lending
institution when you call.
Description
ThankYou® Network offers members the opportunity to use their
ThankYou® Points towards their monthly mortgage payment with financial
lending institutions. ThankYou Members who redeem will receive a letter with
a check issued on behalf of ThankYou Network made out to ... 阅读全帖 |
|
r******d 发帖数: 1879 | 24 摘要:
- Median price to household income ratio is history low at 153%
- history low mortgage interest
- Median mortgage payment is only 78% of median asking rent, and it used to
be 105% before 2005
- new house price is only 25% higher than construction cost, and it is twice
as much in 2005
全文:
With the debt crisis in Europe still unresolved and economic growth in the U
.S. sluggish, the capital markets continue to exhibit elevated volatility.
However, this does not mean that no investment opportun... 阅读全帖 |
|
b********n 发帖数: 38600 | 25 http://www.strategypage.com/htmw/htlead/articles/20120807.aspx
Can't We All Just Obey China?
China recently declared that most of the 3.5 million square kilometers South
China Sea had become Sansha, the latest Chinese city. The area China claims
is within the city limits comprises over two million square kilometers of
largely open ocean and a few hundred tiny islands and reefs, many of which
are only above water during low tide. Sansha is administered from one of the
Paracel islands (Woody Islan... 阅读全帖 |
|
S*****s 发帖数: 7520 | 26 Will China shake the world again?
COMMENTS (455)
China's exceptional growth has been fuelled by massive debt and government s
ubsidies as Robert Peston reports from Wuhan
More from Robert
Who loses from punishing Russia?
Is Standard Life alone?
Standard Life could quit Scotland
Co-op to report worst results in history
Unless you are an aficionado of the great moments of Chinese Communist histo
ry, you probably won't have heard of Wuhan (it is the site of Chairman Mao's
legendary swim across the ... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 27 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 28 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 29 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 30 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
k********8 发帖数: 7948 | 31 http://www.forbes.com/sites/gordonchang/2012/08/12/china-is-run
China Is Running Out Of Money
Gordon G. Chang Contributor
Image credit: AFP/Getty Images via @daylife
Last week’s release of disappointing economic and trade data for July has,
predictably, renewed calls for additional stimulus. In May, Beijing ramped
up its support for the economy, and observers had expected activity to pick
up by last month.
Why has the economy so far failed to respond? There are various reasons,
but perhaps th... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 32 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 33 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 34 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senior... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 35 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senior... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 36 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 37 Hi, there:
Here we have a risk analytics/modeling position open in Chicago downtown
area. The company is a top consumer lending company in sub-prime area
. We are looking for analytics professional with background in statistics,
SAS, risk modeling (experience preferred but not required.)
Company prefer candidates who already has H1B and may sponsor green card
later. However, if the candidate has good background, we also welcome
candidates who have not applied H1B yet.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Senio... 阅读全帖 |
|
g********n 发帖数: 2314 | 38 【 以下文字转载自 SanFrancisco 讨论区 】
发信人: dadabear (bless you), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: [合集] goldenrain的观点未免偏颇
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Feb 8 16:24:51 2007), 站内
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
MSJ (Mission San Jose) 于 (Tue Feb 6 00:42:38 2007) 提到:
看完他blog的《现在在哪里买房风险小》,我只能笑着摇摇头。在我眼里,这个列表与
其说是“风险小”列表,不如说是“房子难涨地区列表”。试论证一二:
1. 常言道“强者恒强,弱者恒弱”。NYC, SF地区房价高企不是一年两年了,支撑房价
的不是那个affordability的percentage,而是能afford的人口数和房子总数的比例。
这里看百分比是没有多大意义的。只要还有人能买得起还愿意买,即使affordability
只有15%又如何呢?
2. 正如high tech公司的P/E要远大于... 阅读全帖 |
|
a****h 发帖数: 6153 | 39 American deliveries to the Soviet Union can be divided into the following
phases:
"pre Lend-lease" 22 June 1941 to 30 September 1941 (paid for in gold and
other minerals)
first protocol period from 1 October 1941 to 30 June 1942 (signed 1 October
1941), these supplies were to be manufactured and delivered by the UK with
US credit financing.
second protocol period from 1 July 1942 to 30 June 1943 (signed 6 October
1942)
third protocol period from 1 July 1943 to 30 June 1944 (signed 19 October
194... 阅读全帖 |
|
b********n 发帖数: 38600 | 40 http://foreignpolicy.com/2015/03/26/washingtons-big-china-screw
In March alone, France, Italy, Germany, and the United Kingdom have now all
agreed to join a major, China-led initiative that could one day rival the U.
S.-led World Bank in size and influence. It’s called the Asia
Infrastructure Investment Bank (AIIB), and since China formally established
the bank in October 2014, it’s attracted dozens of member nations. It’s
also raised hackles in the United States, whose officials initially
attem... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 41 次贷危机的根本原因是政府干预市场
作者:王蔚
2009-05-28 18:24:58
The Root Cause of the Subprime Fiasco is Government Intervention in the
Market
2007年初开始浮现的次贷危机(1)导致了全球性的金融风暴,进而造成了多数国家的经
济衰退。
看到总裁和董事长们成千万上亿的工资加奖金,人们很容易把这场经济危机归罪于华尔
街和银行(在本文范围内也包括房贷企业)的贪婪。也有文章用一两句试问那些明知没有
还贷能力却签字买房者有无责任。那么美国政府在这其中作了什么呢?
政府立法干预银行营运
Community Reinvestment Act(CRA)
1977年美国国会通过,由卡特总统签署了“社区再投资法”Community Reinvestment
Act(CRA)(2)。该法是由一些社区组织和活动家(community groups and activists)积
极推动而成的,目的是敦促银行给低收入者(多为少数族裔)贷款购房, 消除这方面的
“种族歧视”。一些银行在贫困社区开设分行,吸收存... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 42 作者:王蔚
2009-05-28 18:24:58
The Root Cause of the Subprime Fiasco is Government Intervention in the
Market
2007年初开始浮现的次贷危机(1)导致了全球性的金融风暴,进而造成了多数国家的经
济衰退。
看到总裁和董事长们成千万上亿的工资加奖金,人们很容易把这场经济危机归罪于华尔
街和银行(在本文范围内也包括房贷企业)的贪婪。也有文章用一两句试问那些明知没有
还贷能力却签字买房者有无责任。那么美国政府在这其中作了什么呢?
政府立法干预银行营运
Community Reinvestment Act(CRA)
1977年美国国会通过,由卡特总统签署了“社区再投资法”Community Reinvestment
Act(CRA)(2)。该法是由一些社区组织和活动家(community groups and activists)积
极推动而成的,目的是敦促银行给低收入者(多为少数族裔)贷款购房, 消除这方面的
“种族歧视”。一些银行在贫困社区开设分行,吸收存款,支付利息,是鼓励贫困家庭
储蓄... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z 发帖数: 29846 | 43 次贷危机的根本原因是政府干预市场
作者:王蔚
2009-05-28 18:24:58
The Root Cause of the Subprime Fiasco is Government Intervention in the
Market
2007年初开始浮现的次贷危机(1)导致了全球性的金融风暴,进而造成了多数国家的经
济衰退。
看到总裁和董事长们成千万上亿的工资加奖金,人们很容易把这场经济危机归罪于华尔
街和银行(在本文范围内也包括房贷企业)的贪婪。也有文章用一两句试问那些明知没有
还贷能力却签字买房者有无责任。那么美国政府在这其中作了什么呢?
政府立法干预银行营运
Community Reinvestment Act(CRA)
1977年美国国会通过,由卡特总统签署了“社区再投资法”Community Reinvestment
Act(CRA)(2)。该法是由一些社区组织和活动家(community groups and activists)积
极推动而成的,目的是敦促银行给低收入者(多为少数族裔)贷款购房, 消除这方面的
“种族歧视”。一些银行在贫困社区开设分行,吸收存... 阅读全帖 |
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w******t 发帖数: 471 | 44 Please IM me if you are interested.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Risk Modeling Statistician
POSITION DESCRIPTION
• Provide statistical analytics supports to credit risk, fraud
detection, and other operation in the consumer lending business.
• Develop risk management models and strategies.
QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• Master’s Degree in a quantitative discipline of Statistics or Math
or Bachelor Degree in Statistics or Math with 2-6 years’ experience in
financial risk analysis.
• 2-6... 阅读全帖 |
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z****l 发帖数: 5282 | 45 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
bigapples (bigapple) 于 h 提到:
I want to share my lending club experience here:
Open a lending club account (www.lendingclub.com) and deposit money via
paypal. You can add as much money as you want ($5000 each time). You can add
many times even with different credit cards. And you can even open many
lending club accounts with the same ssn number.
From the trading platform, you can buy the good notes (credit score and
history are good, etc....) with >1% ... 阅读全帖 |
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w******t 发帖数: 471 | 47 Please IM me if you are interested.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Risk Modeling Statistician
POSITION DESCRIPTION
• Provide statistical analytics supports to credit risk, fraud
detection, and other operation in the consumer lending business.
• Develop risk management models and strategies.
QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• Master’s Degree in a quantitative discipline of Statistics or Math
or Bachelor Degree in Statistics or Math with 2-6 years’ experience in
financial risk analysis.
• 2-6... 阅读全帖 |
|
w******t 发帖数: 471 | 48 Please IM me if you are interested.
JOB DESCRIPTION – Risk Modeling Statistician
POSITION DESCRIPTION
• Provide statistical analytics supports to credit risk, fraud
detection, and other operation in the consumer lending business.
• Develop risk management models and strategies.
QUALIFICATION REQUIREMENTS
• Master’s Degree in a quantitative discipline of Statistics or Math
or Bachelor Degree in Statistics or Math with 2-6 years’ experience in
financial risk analysis.
• 2-6... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*********s 发帖数: 2136 | 49 Rothschilds Stage Revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt To Kill Islamic Banks In
Emerging North African Markets
PwP Exclusive ©Feb 9 2011
Background: Tunisia has undergone increasing economic liberalization over
the last decade: In the 2010-2011 World Economic Forum’s Global
Competitiveness Report, it was ranked as the most competitive country in
Africa, as well as the 32nd most economically competitive country globally.
North Africa’s large Muslim populations are a vast business opportunity
... 阅读全帖 |
|
s********n 发帖数: 26222 | 50 Rothschilds Stage Revolutions in Tunisia and Egypt To Kill Islamic Banks In
Emerging North African Markets
PwP Exclusive ©Feb 9 2011
Background: Tunisia has undergone increasing economic liberalization over
the last decade: In the 2010-2011 World Economic Forum’s Global
Competitiveness Report, it was ranked as the most competitive country in
Africa, as well as the 32nd most economically competitive country globally.
North Africa’s large Muslim populations are a vast business opportunity
... 阅读全帖 |
|