w********2
发帖数: 632 | 1 HGT involving prokaryotes
Many studies support the significant role of HGT in the evolution of
prokaryotes (Gogarten et al., 2002; Jain et al., 2003; Kunin and Ouzounis,
2003). The principle sources of novel genes are provided by other prokary-
otes, viruses and MGEs (Fig. 1). In particular, plasmids and composite
mobile elements contribute significantly to HGT between prokaryotes. In some
cases, composite elements and megaplasmids are composed of more than 100
genes (Bentley et al., 2002; Hacke... 阅读全帖 |
|
c***c
发帖数: 21374 | 2 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
neuron (云中漫步) 于 (Sun Feb 17 16:25:19 2013, 美东) 提到:
如果数据属实，这是我看到的最好的证据，ivy league对亚裔有不成文的15-20%
quotas。近20年亚裔大学适龄人口增加一倍，但是ivy league的比例没有任何变化，而
且8校都越来越集中到15-20%左右。caltech亚裔学生增长跟人口比例增加是吻合的。不
知道MIT,Stanford这些学校如何？
这个图我看只能用racial quotas解释了。除非亚裔学生在这20年内成绩不断下降？这
个基本上没有可能，也无法解释caltech的情况。。。
链接：
http://www.nationalreview.com/articles/339778/racial-quotas-har
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
CupidArrow (Death to all who oppose us!) 于 (Sun Feb 17 16:... 阅读全帖 |
|
y**********n
发帖数: 478 | 3 有很大关系吧。证明进化是有方向的并不难，排除进化是随机的这个null Hypothesis
就可以了。看文章结论 (文章也指出有些因素比如horizontal gene transfer确实是随
机分布的)：
Prokaryotic genomics revealed the wide spread of HGT in the prokaryotic
world and is often claimed to
‘‘uproot’’ the TOL (Doolittle, 1999). Indeed, it is now well established
that HGT spares virtually no genes
at some stages in their history (Gogarten and Townsend, 2005), and these
findings make obsolete a
‘‘strong’’ TOL concept under which all (or the substantial majority) of
the genes would... 阅读全帖 |
|
f**d
发帖数: 768 | 4 这是一本计算神经科学的优秀著作，全文拷贝这里（图和公式缺），有兴趣的同学可以
阅读
如需要，我可以分享PDF文件（－－仅供个人学习，无商业用途）
From Computer to Brain
William W. Lytton
From Computer to Brain
Foundations of Computational Neuroscience
Springer
William W. Lytton, M.D.
Associate Professor, State University of New York, Downstato, Brooklyn, NY
Visiting Associate Professor, University of Wisconsin, Madison
Visiting Associate Professor, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY
Staff Neurologist., Kings County Hospital, Brooklyn, NY
In From Computer to Brain: ... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 5 小黄人不吉利啊， 不过细看应该是赢了。
The dispute centred on CRISPR’s usability in two different kinds of
biological lifeforms: prokaryotes and eukaryotes. UC had devised a way to
edit the genetic makeup of prokaryotes using CRISPR in 2014. Broad followed
a year later with a method to use CRISPR in eukaryotes. UC had subsequently
contested the patentability of Broad’s method saying that it was a
derivative of UC’s method and couldn’t be patented separately. |
|
w********2
发帖数: 632 | 6 More surprisingly is the apparent rarity of eukary- otic genes in
prokaryotic genomes (Andersson, 2005; Guljamow et al., 2007; Pilhofer et al.
, 2007; Rogers et al., 2007). The abundant opportunities for prokaryotes to
en- counter eukaryotic genetic material suggest that signifi- cant
functional (e.g. the presence of introns in eukaryotic genes, inefficient
gene transfer mechanisms) and selec- tive barriers have restricted the long-
term acquisition of eukaryotic genes by bacteria. |
|
N*****N
发帖数: 1605 | 7 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Sat Apr 21 11:39:54 2007) 提到:
我来美国前在国内用过ebay，来了以后也用同一个帐号，但是我在美国bid东西后收到
的邮件都是中文的，点进去也是连到国内的ebay，有什么办法可以不重新注册改成美国
帐号呢？谢谢！
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
froogle (唐僧) 于 (Sat Apr 21 11:42:15 2007) 提到:
改一下你的primary
address 试试看
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Sat Apr 21 11:45:27 2007) 提到:
我把地址改过了，没用。
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
froogle (唐僧) 于 (Sat Apr 21 11:49:37 2007) 提到: |
|
N*****N
发帖数: 1605 | 8 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
gap337 (Jobhunting) 于 (Thu Jul 12 21:10:02 2007) 提到:
我自己confirm好像instant就变了，
病人说要2-3个 business days，正常么？
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
iwiiwii (iwii) 于 (Thu Jul 12 21:13:13 2007) 提到:
no.instant
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Thu Jul 12 21:49:27 2007) 提到:
instant
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Thu Jul 12 21:50:47 2007) 提到:
confirmed地址就是shipping地址跟paypal里的信用卡地址相同，只要他填正确的地 |
|
a**r
发帖数: 661 | 9 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
juanxi (胡安。克塞) 于 (Wed Mar 27 17:01:44 2013, 美东) 提到:
在国外出生的中国公民的子女具有申请中国国籍的资格，但是有个前提是他们没有外国
国籍。中国政府没有能力确定他们是否申请了美国国籍，所以才给他们发旅行证，而不
是护照。
旅行证相当于申请中国国籍“pending”的状态。如果确认他们没有外国籍，就给正式
的中国护照“approval”。如果确定他们有外国籍，就取消旅行证“deny”
中国人的孩子拿旅行证可以享受跟护照同等的待遇，就好比你在美国居留期到期了，申
请延期，只要收到notice，尽管还没有收到正式的批准，你也可以在美国合法居留一样。
但是这只是个pending的状态，如果最后移民局没有批准你的申请，你就不能在在美国
合法居留了。同样的，一旦中国政府确定你孩子有外国国籍，他就丧失了申请中国国籍
的权力，自然就不能再给他旅行证了
你们地明白？
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
ffviii (... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
发帖数: 1 | 11 CRISPR, /ˈkrɪspər/, is a family of DNA sequences in bacteria
that contains snippets of DNA from viruses that have attacked the bacterium.
These snippets are used by the bacterium to detect and destroy DNA from
further attacks by similar viruses. These sequences play a key role in a
bacterial defence system,[2] and form the basis of a genome editing
technology known as CRISPR/Cas9 that allows permanent modification of genes
within organisms.[3]
The CRISPR/Cas system is a prokaryoti... 阅读全帖 |
|
I*****y
发帖数: 6402 | 12 hmmm, to answer your question, I'd like to start as if you understood the
transcription machinery in prokaryotes (E.coli falls into the category of
prokaryotes). In the lac operon (repressor) experiment, we use the plasmid
construct that has incorporated the selective marker gene (e.g. uracil
gene,etc). The marker gene can tell you whether the transcription occurs or
not, because the media that we use contains no uracil, the E.coli iteself has
to produce the uracil. The plasmid construct is alr |
|
l**********1
发帖数: 5204 | 13 要上 R package
pls refer:
van Hijum SA, Medema MH, Kuipers OP. (2009)
Mechanisms and evolution of control logic in prokaryotic transcriptional
regulation.
Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 73: 481-509
Abstract
A major part of organismal complexity and versatility of prokaryotes resides
in their ability to fine-tune gene expression to adequately respond to
internal and external stimuli. Evolution has been very innovative in
creating intricate mechanisms by which different regulatory signals operate
and inter... 阅读全帖 |
|
T*****e
发帖数: 247 | 14 http://www.nature.com/nature/journal/vaop/ncurrent/full/nature1
标题 DNA-guided DNA interference by a prokaryotic Argonaute
摘要
RNA interference is widely distributed in eukaryotes and has a variety of
functions, including antiviral defence and gene regulation1, 2. All RNA
interference pathways use small single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) molecules that
guide proteins of the Argonaute (Ago) family to complementary ssRNA targets:
RNA-guided RNA interference1, 2. The role of prokaryotic Ago variants has
r... 阅读全帖 |
|
c********n
发帖数: 225 | 15 【记录历史】谁重复验证了NgAgo？
项目 结题
date： 2017年8月2日
updated: 2017年8月4日
Note2017080401: added a few notable reviews/summaries
---------------------------------------
- NBT retraction note：
http://www.nature.com/nbt/journal/v34/n7/full/nbt.3547.html#correction2
原文引用
“Retracted online 02 August 2017
We are retracting our study because of the continued inability of the
research community to replicate the key results in Figure 4, using the
protocols provided in our paper. In this figure we report that the
Natro... 阅读全帖 |
|
p*********n
发帖数: 7788 | 16 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Thu Jun 24 19:43:35 2010, 美东) 提到:
有没有朋友一起吃饭打球？
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
freeben (freeben) 于 (Fri Jun 25 01:10:44 2010, 美东) 提到:
啥球？
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Fri Jun 25 16:12:15 2010, 美东) 提到:
篮球有人打吗
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
freeben (freeben) 于 (Fri Jun 25 19:08:14 2010, 美东) 提到:
呵呵。。纯吃饭腐败，不打篮球
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
diandian98 (点点98) 于... 阅读全帖 |
|
c*****1
发帖数: 3240 | 17 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
iwii (猫猫) 于 (Sun Dec 9 12:47:02 2012, 美东) 提到:
发信人: iwii (猫猫), 信区: Military
标 题: 汉尼拔真是个猛将兄啊
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Dec 9 12:46:04 2012, 美东)
包饺子吃掉8个罗马军团
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
sayid (小武) 于 (Sun Dec 9 14:26:12 2012, 美东) 提到:
主要是最后全a上去了
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 7.7
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
bulletin (bulletin) 于 (Sun Dec 9 17:27:50 2012, 美东) 提到:
我觉得汉尼拔的军事才能是很不错的
但是政治方面有所欠缺（其实是迦太基的政治家水平不太好）
其实占据意大利北部，阻断罗马跟西班牙的联系... 阅读全帖 |
|
a*******s
发帖数: 117 | 18 以下为部分论文。 若有错误，欢迎指正。
夏宁邵所在领域还是偏应用，非基础研究。 亮点是2010年的一篇柳叶刀。
2012年度：
Quantitative hepatitis B core antibody level may help predict treatment
response in chronic hepatitis B patients.
Yuan Q, Song LW, Liu CJ, Li Z, Liu PG, Huang CH, Yan Y, Ge SX, Wang YB, Peng
CY, Zhang J, Kao JH, Chen DS, Chen PJ, Xia NS.
Gut. 2012 Jun 14. [Epub ahead of print] No abstract available.
影响因子： 10.614
Hepatitis E virus: neutralizing sites, diagnosis, and protective immunity.
Zhang J, Li SW, Wu T, Zhao Q, Ng MH, Xia NS.
... 阅读全帖 |
|
n******m
发帖数: 719 | 19 就想问一个问题，为什么外星球来的就一定得是人形态的呢？为什么不是pathogen呢？
为什么不是prokaryotic 或者fungus类型的？为什么就得是生物呢？然后为什么会对人
类感兴趣呢？而且外星人在人类社会中捣乱感觉十分不符合外星人的生存理念/本能吧。 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 20 Email on ngAgo sent to the ISTT mailing list：
Dear colleagues,
the publication by Gao et al in May in Nature Biotechnology http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/27136078 triggered an enormous expectation. This Chinese team led by Chunyu Huan reported that the Argonaute (Ago) protein from a rare haloarchaea, Natronobacterium gregoryi, (NgAgo) would efficiently work for gene editing purposes in human cells. Ago had been described as an DNA-guided endonucleases two years before, through a Dutch-Span... 阅读全帖 |
|
w********2
发帖数: 632 | 21 Anomalous nucleotide composition
HGT inferred from anomalous nucleotide composition is based on the premise
that genomes evolve to species- specific values due to replication,
transcription and trans- lation biases, variations in nucleotide and amino
acid pools, and different DNA repair preferences. Thus, if codon usage, GC
content or oligonucleotide signatures differ significantly from the mean for
a given genome, then HGT may be invoked (Dufraigne et al., 2005; Hooper and
Berg, 2002; Kanaya et... 阅读全帖 |
|
w********2
发帖数: 632 | 22 Mobile genetic elements
MGEs are non-essential (accessory) genomic elements composed of genes and
structural features that facil- itate their spread both within and between
organisms (Doolittle and Sapienza, 1980; Orgel and Crick, 1980). They are
found in the genomes of all prokaryotes and eukaryotes. MGEs share many
features and often share a common ancestry with viruses. The main difference
is that viruses are usually capable of extracellular persis- tence.
MGEs, including defective forms, are... 阅读全帖 |
|
w********2
发帖数: 632 | 23 Translocation of genetic material
The major mechanisms of HGT described in the literature include conjugation,
cellular competency (natural trans- formation) and virus-mediated
transduction (Chen et al., 2005; Dreiseikelmann, 1994; Dubnau, 1999).
However, these mechanisms only refer to the first step of any suc- cessful
gene transfer event, namely the passage of ge- netic material across
cellular barriers. Independent mech- anisms are involved in integrating the
new genes into the genome of the ... 阅读全帖 |
|
w********2
发帖数: 632 | 24 Cellular competency (natural transformation) refers to the active uptake of
free (extracellular) DNA across the cell wall and cell membrane(s) using
cellular machinery designed to facilitate the process (Dubnau, 1999; Lorenz
and Wackernagel, 1994). It is a highly regulated physio- logical state that
is often sensitive to environmental cues (Molin and Tolker-Nielsen, 2003).
When the DNA is her- itably incorporated into the recipient’s genome, the
pro- cess is known as transformation.
Bacterial co... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 25 Abstract
We show here that, unlike most other prokaryotic Argonaute (Ago) proteins,
which are
DNA-guided endonucleases, the Natronobacterium gregoryi-derived Ago (NgAgo)
can
function as a DNA-guided endoribonuclease, cleaving RNA, rather than DNA,
in a
targeted manner. The NgAgo protein, in complex with 5’-hydroxylated or 5’-
phosphrylated oligodeoxyribonucleotides (ODNs) of variable lengths, split
RNA targets
into two or more fragments in vitro, suggesting its physiological role in
bacteria and... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 26 Argonaute (Ago) proteins are complexed with small DNA or RNA guides and
cleave nucleic 24
acid targets whose sequences are complementary with the guides1. Agos in
eukaryotes bind 25
to small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) or microRNAs (miRNAs) to suppress gene
expression by 26
degrading mRNAs in a targeted manner, a regulatory process known as RNA
interference 27
(RNAi). Agos in eubacteria and archaea are complexed with DNA or RNA guides
and function 28
as defense systems against foreign mobile genet... 阅读全帖 |
|
m****s
发帖数: 18160 | 27 此表为精华区内所有feedback的统计（从04/01/2006开始）。制作此表的目的是为了让
大家能够了解近期feedback情况。由于feedback数量庞大，在制作此表的过程中采用了
电脑程序，以后也将继续使用此程序。所以，希望大家以后在留feedback时，能采用模
板发文，这样才能保证feedback能被正确的统计。
[0] MITBBS
[-] MITBBS
以下这些feedback题目都不合格：
1) 【＋】MITBBS
2) ++++++MITBBS
3) (+) MITBBS
4) [+] MITBBS, JIAOYOU8, HUAREN (只有第一个ID会被统计到)
5) [MITBBS]+++++
6) [+] 未名空间
最后更新：
+/0 feedbacks updated to Jul 29, 2012.
- feedbacks updated to Jul 29, 2012.
?? 3 0 0
?JINGO 1 0 0
A321321321 3 0 0
A7 17 0 0
AAAAA1 3 0 0
AAABBC 2 0 0
AAAPPP 1 0 0
A... 阅读全帖 |
|
N*****N
发帖数: 1605 | 28 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
blueclassic (俺是耕田地) 于 (Wed Jul 18 19:03:17 2007) 提到:
claim not as described....出离愤怒了,当时真该给丫寄包sh*t过去的
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
gwrfxj (大灰狼) 于 (Wed Jul 18 19:04:24 2007) 提到:
cft，老大又出啥事了？
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Wed Jul 18 19:06:30 2007) 提到:
这种情况真是有口难辩啊
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
BrainTeaser (BTman) 于 (Wed Jul 18 19:15:09 2007) 提到:
//cmft
nnd 黑骗子
☆──────────────────────────── |
|
N*****N
发帖数: 1605 | 29 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 (Thu Jul 19 23:29:51 2007) 提到:
summary:
自己打印邮费，自己称重量？
UPS/FEDEX/DHL/USPS..?(请写明carrier或写shipping）:
All
货物金额:
NA
Ground/Express/...?:
NA
original/destination:
NA
医生/病人？:
医学院学生
具体问题:
自己打印邮费的话，那自己称重量，邮局或其他carrier不管？全靠自觉？我不是想少
报重量，只是这样是不是太随意了？谢谢～～
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
pablitzer (爱财有道) 于 (Thu Jul 19 23:31:54 2007) 提到:
做生意讲究
诚信
另外，
mail fraud 是重罪
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
unknowns (我怎么有这么多不知道的东西) 于 |
|
s*****x
发帖数: 3679 | 30 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
gwrfxj (大灰狼) 于 (Fri Sep 21 00:42:00 2007) 提到:
10+？
然后30+才能multi?
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
plaice (相忘于江湖) 于 (Fri Sep 21 00:42:16 2007) 提到:
你又开新马甲
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
anywhere (量中华之国力，结与国之欢心) 于 (Fri Sep 21 00:42:29 2007) 提到:
也可以直接什么verified
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
mirage (天地不仁，以万物为刍狗) 于 (Fri Sep 21 00:43:20 2007) 提到:
12?
15?
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Prokaryote (不知道) 于 |
|
K****D
发帖数: 30533 | 31 此表为精华区内所有feedback的统计（从04/01/2006开始，更古老的feedback已经
删除）。制作此表的目的是为了让大家能够了解近期feedback情况。
由于feedback数量庞大，在制作此表的过程中采用了电脑程序，以后也将继续使用
此程序。所以，希望大家以后在留feedback时，能采用模板发文，这样才能保证
feedback能被正确的统计。
正确的题目格式为 (replace MITBBS with the ID you are leaving feedback for):
[+] MITBBS
[0] MITBBS
[-] MITBBS
以下这些feedback题目都不合格：
1) 【＋】MITBBS
2) ++++++MITBBS
3) (+) MITBBS
4) [+] MITBBS, JIAOYOU8, HUAREN (只有第一个ID会被统计到)
5) [MITBBS]+++++
6) [+] 未名空间
最后更新：
+/0 feedbacks updated to Jun 30, 2011.
- feedbacks updated to Jun 30... 阅读全帖 |
|
m****s
发帖数: 18160 | 32 此表为精华区内所有feedback的统计（从04/01/2006开始）。制作此表的目的是为了让
大家能够了解近期feedback情况。由于feedback数量庞大，在制作此表的过程中采用了
电脑程序，以后也将继续使用此程序。所以，希望大家以后在留feedback时，能采用模
板发文，这样才能保证feedback能被正确的统计。
[0] MITBBS
[-] MITBBS
以下这些feedback题目都不合格：
1) 【＋】MITBBS
2) ++++++MITBBS
3) (+) MITBBS
4) [+] MITBBS, JIAOYOU8, HUAREN (只有第一个ID会被统计到)
5) [MITBBS]+++++
6) [+] 未名空间
最后更新：
+/0 feedbacks updated to Aug 26, 2011.
- feedbacks updated to Aug26, 2011.
===========================================
ID + 0 -
============... 阅读全帖 |
|
m****s
发帖数: 18160 | 33 此表为精华区内所有feedback的统计（从04/01/2006开始）。制作此表的目的是为了让
大家能够了解近期feedback情况。由于feedback数量庞大，在制作此表的过程中采用了
电脑程序，以后也将继续使用此程序。所以，希望大家以后在留feedback时，能采用模
板发文，这样才能保证feedback能被正确的统计。
[0] MITBBS
[-] MITBBS
以下这些feedback题目都不合格：
1) 【＋】MITBBS
2) ++++++MITBBS
3) (+) MITBBS
4) [+] MITBBS, JIAOYOU8, HUAREN (只有第一个ID会被统计到)
5) [MITBBS]+++++
6) [+] 未名空间
最后更新：
+/0 feedbacks updated to Aug 26, 2011.
- feedbacks updated to Aug26, 2011.
===========================================
ID + 0 -
============... 阅读全帖 |
|
m******s
发帖数: 665 | 34 自2006年1月份以来二手市场建立了feedback制度，方便大家在交易的过程中给大家提
供一个公平交易的评价方式。
为了便于大家查找信誉，请标题用规范的格式。
以下这些feedback题目都不合格
1，【+】MITBBS
2，+++++++MITBBS
3，(+)MITBBS
4,[+]MITBBS,JIAOYOU8,HUAREN(只有第一个会被统计到)
5，[MITBBS]+++++
6,[+]未名空间
本次统计的截止日期为：
+ 的统计截止日期到 Sun Aug 15 2012
- 的统计截止日期到 Sun Aug 15 2012
id + 0 -
?? 3 0 0
?JINGO 1 0 0
A321321321 3 0 0
A7 17 0 0
AAAAA1 3 0 0
AAABBC 2 0 0
AAAPPP 1 0 0
AAATY 1 0 0
AADDOO 5 0 0
AANON 6 0 0
abao2000 2 0 0
abc111 1 0 0
ABCD123 5 0 0
ABCDEFGHIJK 1 0 0
ABED 32 1 0
ABERDE... 阅读全帖 |
|
m******s
发帖数: 665 | 35 p51668 10 0 0
PA 2 0 0
PAAT 14 0 0
PAGE 3 0 0
PAK 2 0 0
PALADIN 1 0 0
PaladinHL 2 0 0
PALADINYT 1 0 0
PALAFOX 1 0 0
PALAMA 9 0 0
PALMOLIVE 31 0 0
PALOSCHI9 1 0 0
PANDABAMBOO 1 0 0
PANDAMALONE 46 0 0
PANDATOLEDO 8 0 0
panera08 1 0 0
PANGPANGWUDI 1 0 0
PANGXIONGX 2 0 0
PANGZHUTOU 19 0 0
pangzhutou 1 0 0
PANPANJIAO 2 0 0
panpanpan 1 0 0
PANYS 1 0 0
PAOPAODOG 1 0 0
PAOPAOP 2 0 0
PAP2 4 0 0
PAPABEAR 6 0 0
PAPADA 2 0 0
PAPAIN 9 0 0
PAPERABC 16 0 0
PAPERTIGER 3 0 0
PAPILLON 2 0 0
papiyas 1 0 0
PARABABY... 阅读全帖 |
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m********1
发帖数: 368 | 36 瘦肉精是一类动物用药，有数种药物被称为瘦肉精，例如莱克多巴胺（Ractopamine）及克伦特
罗（Clenbuterol）等。将瘦肉精添加于饲料中，可以增加动物的瘦肉量、减少饲料使用、使肉
品提早上市、降低成本。但因为考虑对人体会产生副作用，各国开放使用的标准不一。
瘦肉精是一类药物，而不是一种特定的物质，是指能够促进瘦肉生长的饲料添加剂。任何能够
促进瘦肉生长、抑制肥肉生长的物质都可以叫做“瘦肉精”。
目前，能够实现这种功能的物质是一类叫做β-促效剂（β-agonist）的药物，比如在中国造
成中毒的克伦特罗（clenbuterol）和美国允许使用的雷托巴胺（Ractopamine）。
瘦肉精在上海曾经引发了几百人的中毒事件。而在台湾，由于从美国进口的猪肉里含有瘦肉
精，几乎挑起一场政治争端。奇怪的是，在美国、加拿大、新西兰等国，瘦肉精这类物质的使用却
是合法的。在中国，通常所说的“瘦肉精”则是指克伦特罗。它曾经作为药物用于治疗支气管哮喘，
后由于其副作用太大而遭禁用。
其它这样类似药物还有沙丁胺醇（Salbutamol）和特布他林(Terbutaline)等，同样能起
到“瘦肉”... 阅读全帖 |
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b*****9
发帖数: 8922 | 37 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
A321321321 (天天做好吃的！) 于 (Tue Mar 2 12:11:32 2010, 美东) 提到:
大家不用花精力证明我说的准确不准确，这不是重点。我只是好心给点在见闻供大家参考。
我自己不偏美也不偏中，LG去哪我去哪，都随便他。
我就谈对自己最实际的几点，不一定是每个地方的情况.
（样本：我在美国待了有４，５年，没绿卡。在国内待的是２线省会城市）
衣：
逛街的乐趣跟美国差不多，每个地方的都是那几个牌子，样子也都差不多。衣服要等到降价才买，不然太不划算，但降价的衣服都是仓库里的老款，这且不说，要
用＂抢＂的才能买到。这其实跟我没关系，因为我看的上眼的基本不打折。剪裁也没美
国这服贴。
男生们听下面一点：我觉得国内厂商喜欢把男生的衣服设计的比较＂韩＂，比较＂妖＂（女生的观点）。比如上衣背后大片的装饰，今年冬天男装流行的（居然是）紫色。很多女生都喜欢的是阳光，有男人味的。
食：
没时间在家里做饭，一般出去吃。好的地方２个人，一顿７０左右（２线城市，BJ，SH更贵）。价钱不是重要的，重要... 阅读全帖 |
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l********6
发帖数: 547 | 38 大家好，需要文章用于申请绿卡的材料。学校数据库好多都没有买。希望求助于大家。
请email到我的邮箱：l**********[email protected]。
以下是我所需的文章列表，谢谢。
(1) 高志玲, 孙丽媛, and 戴琎. "结核杆菌热休克蛋白 70 剂量相关的免疫调节作用.
" 中国免疫学杂志 29.7 (2013): 697-699.
(2) 刘波, 陈玲, and 张泓. "甲型流感病毒编码蛋白的突变及其致病机制." 病毒学报
4 (2013): 016.
(3) 李登云, 孙岩, 蒋鹏飞, 亢展展, 王静娜, 华琳琳, 张洋, and 张德礼. "H3N2 和
H1N1 甲型流感病毒感染对猪 CDK9 基因表达的影响." 西北农林科技大学学报: 自然
科学版 010 (2013): 14-18.
(4) 董磊, 刘娟, 马红雨, 全首祯, and 朱美财. "荧光素酶光学成像技术研究进展."
国际生物医学工程杂志 ISTIC 35, no. 6 (2012).
(5) 赖文彬, 汪世雄, and 叶昕. "Colletodiol 降低聚合酶活性抑制流感病毒 (WSN/
H1N... 阅读全帖 |
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c****7
发帖数: 143 | 39 Kalyoncu E, Olmez TT, Ozkan AD, Sarioglu OF1.Biosystems Engineering of
Prokaryotes with Tumor-Killing Capacities.Curr Pharm Des. 2016;22(11):1521-8.
我是怎么都下不到，求各位大神帮帮忙，帮帮忙，都RFE了，大家帮帮忙
万分感谢
如果能行行，就发给我站内或email: [email protected]/* */ |
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I******s
发帖数: 50 | 40 将Biosystems Engineering of: Prokaryotes with Tumor-Killing Capacities
输入到googlesholar 右边有reseachgate PDF的全文。
但好像不是从杂志来的，不知道有没有用。
-8. |
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m***n
发帖数: 337 | 41 we have a senior scientist openning for bioinformatics and below is the job
description and if you are interested and you could forward your resume to
me at m******[email protected]
POSITION SUMMARY
Intrexon is currently seeking to fill a Senior Scientist, Bioinformatics
position within the Cell Systems Informatics group, in San Diego. The senior
scientist will be responsible to for developing and performing state-of-the
-art bioinformatics analyses, implementing novel applications and workflows
in se... 阅读全帖 |
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u**c
发帖数: 17972 | 42 The Great Filter - Are We Almost Past It?
http://hanson.gmu.edu/greatfilter.html
The Great Filter
Consider our best-guess evolutionary path to an explosion which leads to vis
ible colonization of most of the visible universe:
The right star system (including organics)
Reproductive something (e.g. RNA)
Simple (prokaryotic) single-cell life
Complex (archaeatic & eukaryotic) single-cell life
Sexual reproduction
Multi-cell life
Tool-using animals with big brains
Where we are now
Colonization explosi... 阅读全帖 |
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z****e
发帖数: 3810 | 43 谢谢一些id一直在咬牙坚持这个活动，但实践证明确实比较无趣失败。现决定取消此活
动，并给以下一直follow此活动的同志们每人100大洋以资奖励。如有遗漏请补充，谢
谢！
allenubc
zirconia
gogle
vickytt
poetry
charmdream
Opel
sixxu
peteryang
hh
carlens
Prokaryote
toothyao
xiatian
sunfish |
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h*********r
发帖数: 220 | 44 赞凄美。没有splicing，没有nuclear membrane，是个 prokaryotic 细胞里的爱情故
事啊。 |
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c*******e
发帖数: 4642 | 45 我我我，实在忍不住了。。。。。。。。
细菌是单细胞木有细胞核的,called prokaryote，即所谓原核。有细胞核的，比如酵母
，called eukaryote,即所谓真核
一般定义上，起码俺学的microbiology是说，parasite是所有eukaryotic organisms
细菌，病毒都排除在外的 |
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c*******e
发帖数: 4642 | 46 giardia is protozoa，原生动物
标准描述是unicellular non-fungal eukaryote
细菌是prokaryote |
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M****e
发帖数: 70 | 47 expressing of interested protein in large quantity with the
help of appropriate vector in proper host. at first, biologists
developed plasmids as expression vector for "overexpression"
of certain gene in the bacteria host.for example, the mosar popule lacZ operon) and then
"overexpress" the exogenous protein in bacteria. however, since
the prokaryotes lack post-translational modifications of the
proteins, people developed other systems such as yeast, insect
cells as well as transformed mouse, mo |
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M****e
发帖数: 70 | 48 Nature 420:591
1.Minimal standard for proteomics has been set to ensure consistence
of data. http://psidev.sourceforge.net
Sex and evolution 420:664
2.Benefits of sex, particularly in a large population, has been
addressed in evolution of single-celled chlorophyte C.
reinhardtii.
3.From operon to gene clusters 420:666
Expressions of functionally related genes in prokaryotes are
regulated in the form of operon, while in eukaryotes there
are clustering of co-expressed, non-homolgous genes that
imp |
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d******n
发帖数: 29 | 49 Biotechnol Appl Biochem. 2010 Feb 11;55(2):63-72.
Title: Prokaryotic expression, purification and characterization of a novel
pro-apoptosis protein hPNAS-4.
Link: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19912110
Please send it to d******[email protected]. Thank you so much for your help. |
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