j*****p
发帖数: 24000 | 1 现在太多人要注射天花疫苗了。
需要在病毒实验室工作的工作人员，外派美军都要注射smallpox疫苗 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 2 可惜没有形成系统的研究和上升到理论
要不然小黄人在科学史上的地位远非今日可比
smallpox |
|
g***t
发帖数: 7544 | 3 吹入鼻子会得肺天花，九死一生。
种人痘，引起皮肤天花，死亡率大概10%。
国立卫生研究院临床中心的John I. Gallin和Frederick P. Ognibene主编)一书中这样
写道：
smallpox. For example, the Chinese had thought of this earlier
中提及人痘接种法在1567-72年间已施行：在明隆庆年间宁国府太县(今安徽太平县)开始 |
|
s******n
发帖数: 518 | 4 【 以下文字转载自 History 讨论区 】
发信人: shaodian (有熊), 信区: History
标 题: ZZ 病毒、瘟疫和人类历史
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Feb 1 21:53:30 2020, 美东)
Book: Viruses, Plagues, and History: Past, Present and Future
这本是一本为数不多的病毒学入门介绍读物。不少西方学校把它作为了基础教材。这几
天冠状肺炎病毒导致全国封闭，于是干脆把这部书读一遍。了解病毒机理，并付之于行
动，是防御病毒的最佳方式。
本书一共三部分：
第一部分，分三章介绍病毒历史，尤其重点讲了病毒学 Virology 和 免疫学
Immunology的核心原则；
第二部分，分四章介绍了人类历史上如何战胜了各类病毒，如 天花病毒Smallpox, 黄
热病毒Yellow Fever, 麻疹宾度Measles Virus 和 小儿麻痹症Poliomyelitis；
第三部分，分十章重点介绍了目前人类遇到的重大病毒和应对办法，其中包括非洲的伊
波拉、SARS、HIV、疯牛病、流感... 阅读全帖 |
|
n*********8
发帖数: 1137 | 5 美国病毒改造监控计划始末：为改造全新病毒 从中国拿走上万件样本？
送交者: 两极的世界[♂★★★声望勋衔13★★★♂] 于 2020-02-29 17:41 已读 469
次 大字阅读 两极的世界的个人频道
“最危险的人造病毒”：病毒学家争相改造病毒研究引发公共安全担忧
2014年10月17日下午，病毒学家Ralph Baric博士没有照例来到他在北卡罗来纳大学教
堂山分校的实验室，他正在为自己女儿周末的婚礼做最后的准备。 此时的他并不知道
，奥巴马政府由于对实验室使用SARS, MERS和流感等病毒，进行功能获得性(gain of
function)改造的研究，对公共健康构成的潜在威胁的担忧，通过白宫科技政策办公室
联合美国卫生与公众服务部发布禁令，宣布中止对类似研究的资金资助[1]，并要求相
关领域的研究人员立即停止相关的研究，直到研究项目的风险和收益被美国国家生物安
全科学顾问委员会(NSABB)和美国国家学院国家科学研究委员会(NRC)的专家进行评估后
方可继续[2]。
这其中就有武汉病毒所石正丽博士的研究团队与Ralph Baric博士的合作项目：一个正
在进... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 6 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/05/health/germs-fort-detrick-biohazard.html
Deadly Germ Research Is Shut Down at Army Lab Over Safety Concerns
Problems with disposal of dangerous materials led the government to suspend
research at the military’s leading biodefense center.
By Denise Grady
Aug. 5, 2019
Safety concerns at a prominent military germ lab have led the government to
shut down research involving dangerous microbes like the Ebola virus.
“Research is currently on hold,” the United States A... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 7 https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/deadly-germ-research-shut-down
-at-military-lab-amid-safety-concerns.html
给出的原因是
The biodefense center studies dangerous microbes that could be used to
threaten the military or the American public, such as organisms causing
Ebola, smallpox, anthrax and plague. The CDC issued a "cease and desist
order" in July 2019 to halt the center's research because it lacked "
sufficient systems in place to decontaminate wastewater," the center said in
a statement... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 9 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/05/health/germs-fort-detrick-biohazard.html
Deadly Germ Research Is Shut Down at Army Lab Over Safety Concerns
Problems with disposal of dangerous materials led the government to suspend
research at the military’s leading biodefense center.
By Denise Grady
Aug. 5, 2019
Safety concerns at a prominent military germ lab have led the government to
shut down research involving dangerous microbes like the Ebola virus.
“Research is currently on hold,” the United States A... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 10 https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/deadly-germ-research-shut-down
-at-military-lab-amid-safety-concerns.html
给出的原因是
The biodefense center studies dangerous microbes that could be used to
threaten the military or the American public, such as organisms causing
Ebola, smallpox, anthrax and plague. The CDC issued a "cease and desist
order" in July 2019 to halt the center's research because it lacked "
sufficient systems in place to decontaminate wastewater," the center said in
a statement... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 11 https://www.nytimes.com/2019/08/05/health/germs-fort-detrick-biohazard.html
Deadly Germ Research Is Shut Down at Army Lab Over Safety Concerns
Problems with disposal of dangerous materials led the government to suspend
research at the military’s leading biodefense center.
By Denise Grady
Aug. 5, 2019
Safety concerns at a prominent military germ lab have led the government to
shut down research involving dangerous microbes like the Ebola virus.
“Research is currently on hold,” the United States A... 阅读全帖 |
|
m**p
发帖数: 7 | 12 https://www.beckershospitalreview.com/quality/deadly-germ-research-shut-down
-at-military-lab-amid-safety-concerns.html
给出的原因是
The biodefense center studies dangerous microbes that could be used to
threaten the military or the American public, such as organisms causing
Ebola, smallpox, anthrax and plague. The CDC issued a "cease and desist
order" in July 2019 to halt the center's research because it lacked "
sufficient systems in place to decontaminate wastewater," the center said in
a statement... 阅读全帖 |
|
s******n
发帖数: 518 | 13 【 以下文字转载自 History 讨论区 】
发信人: shaodian (有熊), 信区: History
标 题: 美国生物实验室泄露
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Mar 22 15:25:05 2020, 美东)
Google翻译一次只能3900字符。
https://www.usatoday.com/story/news/2015/05/28/biolabs-pathogens-location-
incidents/26587505/
Investigation reveals hundreds of accidents, safety violations and near
misses put people at risk
Alison Young and Nick Penzenstadler, USA TODAY
Vials of bioterror bacteria have gone missing. Lab mice infected with deadly
viruses have escaped, and wild rodents have b... 阅读全帖 |
|
D**S
发帖数: 24887 | 14 http://news.yahoo.com/s/yblog_thelookout/20110603/us_yblog_thel
Since HIV was discovered 30 years ago this week, 30 million people have died
from the disease, and it continues to spread at the rate of 7,000 people
per day globally, the UN says.
There's not much good news when it comes to this devastating virus. But that
is perhaps why the story of the man scientists call the "Berlin patient" is
so remarkable and has generated so much excitement among the HIV advocacy
community.
Timothy Ray Brown... 阅读全帖 |
|
y*****g
发帖数: 1822 | 15 London’s great HIV/AIDS hope
By CHIP MARTIN, THE LONDON FREE PRESS
Last Updated: December 20, 2011 10:51pm
http://www.lfpress.com/news/london/2011/12/20/19147301.html
Researchers at the University of Western Ontario are hoping a fourth time's
the charm to develop an effective vaccine to combat HIV/AIDS.
Tuesday, in a breakthrough announcement, they said they've received approval
to try an entirely new formula on humans.
By following a line of research that successfully produced vaccines for
poli... 阅读全帖 |
|
|
s****7
发帖数: 2507 | 17 The first state law mandating vaccination was enacted in Massachusetts
in 1809; in 1855, Massachusetts became the first state to enact a
school vaccination re-quirement. The constitutional basis of vaccination
requirements rests in the po-lice power of the state. Nearly 100 years ago,
the U.S. Supreme Court issued its landmark ruling in Jacobson v.
Massachusetts, upholding the right of states to compel vaccination. The
Court held that a health regulation requiring small- pox vaccinat... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 18 The Decline of America
By Victor Davis Hanson
February 14, 2013 12:00 A.M.
Why do once-successful societies ossify and decline?
Hundreds of reasons have been adduced for the fall of Rome and the end of
the Old Regime in 18th-century France. Reasons run from inflation and
excessive spending to resource depletion and enemy invasion, when historians
attempt to understand the sudden collapse of the Mycenaeans, the Aztecs,
and, apparently, the modern Greeks. In literature from Catullus to Edward
Gibb... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 19 The poll still use previous years DEM 10. This year is historic and will
break most records of the election. So many Democratics switched to
republican. 74% Trump supporters would vote even if there is war, riot,
natural disaster, and smallpox. We should have a landslide win.
: 正常人都会有这个疑问，这些poll到底怎么了？难道我们郡有一大批躲起来的希
拉里支
: 持者？
|
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 20 I think a couple days before the election day, the serious polls, i.e. IBD
poll would show a 1-2% lead for Trump. Unlike those polls by the TV
stations, polls like IBD do care about their reputation.
Most of these "scientific" polls do racial, party, economic, age profiling.
All of the polls would conduct profiling from past election/elections or
available official data in 2014 or 2015. So if the poll have biased
profiling, such as the ABC, you would seen some ridiculous double digit lead
fo... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 21 I think a couple days before the election day, the serious polls, i.e. IBD
poll would show a 1-2% lead for Trump. Unlike those polls by the TV
stations, polls like IBD do care about their reputation.
Most of these "scientific" polls do racial, party, economic, age profiling.
All of the polls would conduct profiling from past election/elections or
available official data in 2014 or 2015. So if the poll have biased
profiling, such as the ABC, you would seen some ridiculous double digit lead
fo... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 22 I think a couple days before the election day, the serious polls, i.e. IBD
poll would show a 1-2% lead for Trump. Unlike those polls by the TV
stations, polls like IBD do care about their reputation.
Most of these "scientific" polls do racial, party, economic, age profiling.
All of the polls would conduct profiling from past election/elections or
available official data in 2014 or 2015. So if the poll have biased
profiling, such as the ABC, you would seen some ridiculous double digit lead
fo... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 23 Craigslist is the true indicator where the battleground state is.
The actual battleground states are a lot different from the MSM, I.e. CNN.
Trump is winning even in those true battle ground state from I am seeing.
Hilary is done. I am not sure what her campaign manager tell her. But my
feeling is she must be delusional if she still think she has a lead. As I
mentioned before, she had no chance other that that week in the middle of
October.
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t/USANews/32402951.h... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****h
发帖数: 1344 | 24 It reflects the enthusiasm of Trump's supporters.
http://www.mitbbs.com/article_t/USANews/32402951.html
Another point I want to make is, as far as I know, NONE of these polls are
able to factor in the enthusiasm since it can't be measured "scientifically"
. Use a 1 to 10 scale, Trumpsters would be 9 or 10 while Hilary supporters
would be 2 or 3. Enthusiasm is actually a very important factor and could
make the poll number look foolish. Why? Because it directly affect the turn
out rate.
For exa... 阅读全帖 |
|
w*********s
发帖数: 2136 | 25 Progressives And Religious Faith In Vaccines
By R Hammonds
4-17-11
Ralph Nader was once a hero for exposing and going after Ford for their
Pinto which could burst into flames and was killing people. His effort
enshrined in progressives the idea that government should enforce safety
safety standards on corporate products because corporations will do all they
can to slip by with unsafe products if it saves them money.
So why have progressives and liberals gone along with corporate media
demonizat... 阅读全帖 |
|
M*V
发帖数: 3205 | 26 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: whiteclouds (/ 参考消息 /), 信区: Military
标 题: 进步主义, 宗教信仰, 与疫苗 (转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed May 18 20:04:20 2011, 美东)
发信人: whiteclouds (/ 参考消息 /), 信区: WorldNews
标 题: 进步主义, 宗教信仰, 与疫苗
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed May 18 20:03:38 2011, 美东)
Progressives And Religious Faith In Vaccines
By R Hammonds
4-17-11
Ralph Nader was once a hero for exposing and going after Ford for their
Pinto which could burst into flames and was killing people. His effort
enshrined in progressives the idea tha... 阅读全帖 |
|
g*****j
发帖数: 1211 | 27 Nope. This is for smallpox. |
|
w*********s
发帖数: 2136 | 28 【 以下文字转载自 WorldNews 讨论区 】
发信人: whiteclouds (/ 参考消息 /), 信区: WorldNews
标 题: 进步主义, 宗教信仰, 与疫苗
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed May 18 20:03:38 2011, 美东)
Progressives And Religious Faith In Vaccines
By R Hammonds
4-17-11
Ralph Nader was once a hero for exposing and going after Ford for their
Pinto which could burst into flames and was killing people. His effort
enshrined in progressives the idea that government should enforce safety
safety standards on corporate products because corporations will do all they
ca... 阅读全帖 |
|
g****o
发帖数: 250 | 29 来自主题: NextGeneration版 - 美国儿童疫苗 现在一针顶过去五针，打完一口气爬六楼，不费劲儿。
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请
在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中
一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索
引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，
同样也要重视疫苗的安全。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些
问题请大家客观和理性看待。希望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更加关心疫苗安全的研究
和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，这可真是太奇怪了。所以不得不写点东西为疫苗正名
。下面会对美国常用的儿童疫苗一一说明其有效性和安全性的证据。但是在这之前，先
把一些常见问题解答一下。
的世纪阴谋。这个阴 |
|
Y**I
发帖数: 444 | 30 来自主题: NextGeneration版 - 美国儿童疫苗 院长，我孩子2岁了，乙肝疫苗都打完了，但是没有抗体，怎么办那？
多谢了！
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较
长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中
回答。如果问相同的问题比较
多，我会在以后的帖子中一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的
是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目
的是给非专业人士一点简单的介
绍，不要害怕疫苗，同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过
程，也希望成为跟大家一起学习
的过程。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹
药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些问题请大家客观和理性看待。希
望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更
加关心疫苗安全的研究和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类
彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严
重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争议哈）就是死于天花。这不能不说
是医学发展的奇迹。
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，
这可真是太 |
|
y******y
发帖数: 439 | 31 来自主题: NextGeneration版 - 美国儿童疫苗 学习了，谢谢！
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请
在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中
一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索
引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，
同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过程，也希望成为跟大
家一起学习的过程。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些
问题请大家客观和理性看待。希望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更加关心疫苗安全的研究
和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争议哈）就是死于天花。这不能不说是医学发展的奇迹。
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，这可真是太奇怪了。所以不得不写点东西为疫苗正名
。下面会对美国常用的儿童疫苗一一说明 |
|
k***a
发帖数: 2258 | 32 来自主题: NextGeneration版 - 美国儿童疫苗 re
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请
在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中
一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索
引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，
同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过程，也希望成为跟大
家一起学习的过程。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些
问题请大家客观和理性看待。希望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更加关心疫苗安全的研究
和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争议哈）就是死于天花。这不能不说是医学发展的奇迹。
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，这可真是太奇怪了。所以不得不写点东西为疫苗正名
。下面会对美国常用的儿童疫苗一一说明其有效性和 |
|
s********g
发帖数: 3740 | 33 来自主题: NextGeneration版 - 美国儿童疫苗 nice , great contribution,thx
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请
在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中
一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索
引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，
同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过程，也希望成为跟大
家一起学习的过程。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些
问题请大家客观和理性看待。希望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更加关心疫苗安全的研究
和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争议哈）就是死于天花。这不能不说是医学发展的奇迹。
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，这可真是太奇怪了。所以不得不写点东西为疫... 阅读全帖 |
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c******r
发帖数: 3778 | 34 第八章 脊髓灰质炎（IPV）疫苗
脊髓灰质炎（poliomyelitis，简称polio）又称小儿麻痹（infantile paralysis）是
由脊髓灰质炎病毒（poliovirus）引起的急性传染病，主要通过粪口途径传播。这个病
由于大家比较熟悉，病本身就不仔细介绍了。脊髓灰质炎病毒包括三种血清型：PV1,
PV2, 和PV3。由于这种病有比较严重的后果，所以其疫苗的必要性就不必介绍了。
关于脊髓灰质炎疫苗的伟大成就，我就直接摘抄wiki的原文了：
While now rare in the Western world, polio is still endemic to South Asia
and Nigeria. Following the widespread use of poliovirus vaccine in the mid-
1950s, the incidence of poliomyelitis declined dramatically in many
industrialized countries. A global effort to eradica... 阅读全帖 |
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t**i
发帖数: 3283 | 35 我帮你查了cdc的网站，好像是可以喂的，但你最好问问ob。
"Neither inactivated nor live vaccines administered to a lactating woman
affect the safety of breast-feeding for mothers or infants. Breast-feeding
does not adversely affect immunization and is not a contraindication for any
vaccine, with the exception of smallpox vaccine." |
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m*****8
发帖数: 146 | 36 你这两个LINK没一个WORK的。
S.
10
smallpox |
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m*****8
发帖数: 146 | 37 还有就是，你能从网上找些支持你的帖子，恐怕我能找到更多，但GOOGLE代替不了科学。
S.
10
smallpox |
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w********r
发帖数: 727 | 38 Leland Stanford is the founder of Stanford Unviersity. But he is a racist
against Chinese.
1862: Leland Stanford, president of the Central Pacific and later founder of
Stanford University, calls the Chinese in California the “dregs” of Asia
and a “degraded” people.
1869: Newly arrived Chinese immigrant workers are packed into train cars
with barely any standing room, sent on their way to railroad-construction
sites. Many of them die from suffocation en route.
Fights between Irish and Chinese rai... 阅读全帖 |
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P***s
发帖数: 11672 | 39 果然是院长
家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请
在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中
一并回答。
美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索
引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，
同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过程，也希望成为跟大
家一起学习的过程。
可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些
问题请大家客观和理性看待。希望这样的讨论也能够促进大家更加关心疫苗安全的研究
和发展。
和手术。通过广泛种植疫苗，人类彻底消灭了天花（http://www.who.int/mediacentre/factsheets/smallpox/en/）。天花在世界历史上都造成了严重的危害，包括清朝的顺治（可能还包括同治，有争议哈）就是死于天花。这不能不说是医学发展的奇迹。
苗，也拒绝给自己的孩子打疫苗，这可真是太奇怪了。所以不得不写点东西为疫苗正名
。下面会对美国常用的儿童疫苗一一说明其有 |
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b*****a
发帖数: 14583 | 40 【 以下文字转载自 NextGeneration 讨论区 】
发信人: clonebar (土星科学院院长), 信区: NextGeneration
标 题: 美国儿童疫苗
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Sep 8 10:26:00 2010, 美东)
版上版疫苗问题的人很多，可能需要总结一下大家的经验和教训。所以写个帖子跟大家探讨一些常见问题。帖子比较长，打算分章节，每天更新。这样如果大家有啥问题请在跟贴中提出，我尽量在跟贴中回答。如果问相同的问题比较多，我会在以后的帖子中一并回答。
但是！！！俺不是专家，知识全部来源于网络和文献，错漏之处在所难免。请达人，美妈们指出，俺来一一修改。目的是为了在疫苗问题上给以后的父母一个简单全面的索引，可以不必事事放狗。第二个目的是给非专业人士一点简单的介绍，不要害怕疫苗，同样也要重视疫苗的安全。当然最重要的，这也是我自己学习的过程，也希望成为跟大家一起学习的过程。
最后说一句，由于讨论疫苗就不可避免地讨论一些有争议的疫苗问题，有些问题甚至可能给反疫苗人士提供了新的弹药。但是科学从来不怕攻击，是事实就不怕讨论。这些问题请大家客观和理性看... 阅读全帖 |
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d********y
发帖数: 416 | 42 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pontiac%27s_War
Warfare on the North American frontier was brutal, and the killing of
prisoners, the targeting of civilians, and other atrocities were widespread.
In what is now perhaps the best-known incident of the war, British officers
at Fort Pitt attempted to infect the besieging Native Americans with
smallpox using blankets that had been exposed to the virus. |
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j***b
发帖数: 5901 | 43 Because the other players are smallpox? |
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c**i
发帖数: 6973 | 44 (1) Kate Sheehy, Anna Takes Spin on the 'Gat'-Walk; Sizzling spy packs heat
as model. New York Post, Apr 6, 2011.
http://www.nypost.com/p/news/international
/anna_takes_spin_on_the_gat_walk_YvaufmUFbHEEq3JuHDJBAI
(Moscow fashion show)
Note:
(a) The gat-walk is a play on "cat walk."
(i) gat (n; short for Gatling gun; First Known Use: 1897): "slang: HANDGUN"
www.m-w.com
(ii) Gatling gun
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gatling_gun
(a forerunner of the modern machine gun; well known for its use by the ... 阅读全帖 |
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m*****n
发帖数: 7450 | 45 赞bos, 俺对法国的兴趣又被激发起来了!
看一下这个年表
zz from national gallery of art website
18th- and 19th-Century France — Neoclassicism
http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg56/gg56-over1.html#jump
Chronology
1789 French Revolution begins
1793 Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed. Reign of Terror
1796 Jenner introduces smallpox vaccine
1798 Napoleon campaigns in Egypt. Wordsworth and Coleridge publish
Lyrical Ballads
1799 Napoleon elected consul
1801 Chateaubriand publishes Atala. Lamarck stu... 阅读全帖 |
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s**l
发帖数: 11983 | 46 http://answers.yahoo.com/question/index?qid=20091124060730AAjuL
History records that after the English torched a Pequot village and killed
men, women and children, the Protestant ultra fundamentalist, Cotton Mather,
approvingly proclaimed, "It was supposed that no less than 600 Pequot souls
were brought down to hell that day." And in his Thanksgiving sermon,
delivered in Plymouth in 1623, Mather the Elder "gave thanks for the
devastating plague of smallpox, which wiped out the majority of the
Wa... 阅读全帖 |
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w*********s
发帖数: 2136 | 47 【 以下文字转载自 WorldNews 讨论区 】
发信人: whiteclouds (/ 参考消息 /), 信区: WorldNews
标 题: 进步主义, 宗教信仰, 与疫苗
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed May 18 20:03:38 2011, 美东)
Progressives And Religious Faith In Vaccines
By R Hammonds
4-17-11
Ralph Nader was once a hero for exposing and going after Ford for their
Pinto which could burst into flames and was killing people. His effort
enshrined in progressives the idea that government should enforce safety
safety standards on corporate products because corporations will do all they
ca... 阅读全帖 |
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H****g
发帖数: 14447 | 48 Grada论文摘要
Frank Dikötter’s Mao’s Great Famine {henceforth “MGF”} is the
longest and most detailed study of the Great Leap Forward (GLF) famine to
appear in English to date.{…} The tone throughout is one of abhorrence and
outrage, and sometimes MGF reads more like a catalogue of anecdotes about
atrocities than a sustained analytic argument. In style and approach it
recalls Jung Chang and Jon Halliday’s controversial Mao: The Unknown Story
(2005); indeed, Chang leads the ”praise” for MGF on t... 阅读全帖 |
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k*****d
发帖数: 9 | 49 In 1529, a measles outbreak in Cuba killed two-thirds of the natives who had
previously survived smallpox. |
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