h******y
发帖数: 1374 | 1 Scientists turn human skin into blood
Scientists at McMaster University have discovered how to make human blood
from adult human skin.
The discovery could mean that people needing blood for surgery, cancer
treatment or treatment of blood conditions like anemia will be able to have
blood created from a patch of their own skin to provide transfusions.
Clinical trials could begin as soon as 2012.
The researchers have also shown that the conversion is direct. Making blood
from skin does not require the middle step of changing a skin stem cell into
a pluripotent stem cell that could make many other types of human cells,
then turning it into a blood stem cell.
The discovery was replicated several times over two years using human skin
from both young and old people to prove it works for any age of person.
Citation: Eva Szabo, Shravanti Rampalli, Ruth M. Risueño, Angelique
Schnerch, Ryan Mitchell, Aline Fiebig-Comyn, Marilyne Levadoux-Martin,
Mickie Bhatia, 'Direct conversion of human fibroblasts to multilineage blood
progenitors', Nature November 7th 2010 doi:10.1038/nature09591
Abstract:
As is the case for embryo-derived stem cells, application of reprogrammed
human induced pluripotent stem cells is limited by our understanding of
lineage specification. Here we demonstrate the ability to generate
progenitors and mature cells of the haematopoietic fate directly from human
dermal fibroblasts without establishing pluripotency. Ectopic expression of
OCT4 (also called POU5F1)-activated haematopoietic transcription factors,
together with specific cytokine treatment, allowed generation of cells
expressing the pan-leukocyte marker CD45. These unique fibroblast-derived
cells gave rise to granulocytic, monocytic, megakaryocytic and erythroid
lineages, and demonstrated in vivo engraftment capacity. We note that adult
haematopoietic programs are activated, consistent with bypassing the
pluripotent state to generate blood fate: this is distinct from
haematopoiesis involving pluripotent stem cells, where embryonic programs
are activated. These findings demonstrate restoration of multipotency from
human fibroblasts, and suggest an alternative approach to cellular
reprogramming for autologous cell-replacement therapies that avoids
complications associated with the use of human pluripotent stem cells. | a****d
发帖数: 1919 | 2 Within few years, scientists should be able to convert fell fates as they
wish. | n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 3 the iPS hypo still not done yet...although researches along this line are
very much valuable...I think the next going to be direct F- to any without
any factors....
【在 a****d 的大作中提到】
: Within few years, scientists should be able to convert fell fates as they
: wish.
| b*****l
发帖数: 9499 | 4 MEF 的 piPS 已经做成了吧。
they
【在 n********k 的大作中提到】
: the iPS hypo still not done yet...although researches along this line are
: very much valuable...I think the next going to be direct F- to any without
: any factors....
| n********k
发帖数: 2818 | 5 ?
【在 b*****l 的大作中提到】
: MEF 的 piPS 已经做成了吧。
:
: they
| a****d
发帖数: 1919 | 6 You are right, iPSCs hypo is still there. It's just such a crowded field now
and people are going nuts to compete for publishing.People from out lab
just found almost identical xx cell derived iPCSs results being published.
Those disease iPSCs models will continue to water on top journals for sure.
Along with that, reprogramming becomes hotter and hotter. For the next few
years, people still have to rely on TFs for reprogramming. Large small
molecular screening is on the way to replace those TFs ultimately, but won't
be that easy form my point of view.
Even though we can make iPSCs or reprogram cell types, it's still a long way
to go for clinical propose. Maybe blood system related treatment can
benefit from those study first since the transplantation works so well for
blood system. But for other parts of the body, especially central nervous
system, I won't foresee any application from iPSCs or reprogramming cells in
next few years.Geron's hESC clinical trial will tell more about cell
transplantation for CNS disease treatment, and how difficult it will be.
【在 n********k 的大作中提到】
: the iPS hypo still not done yet...although researches along this line are
: very much valuable...I think the next going to be direct F- to any without
: any factors....
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