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发帖数: 773 | 1 【 以下文字转载自 Chemistry 讨论区 】
发信人: zyh (CH2O), 信区: Chemistry
标 题: From nonfood biomass to starch (转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Apr 15 18:28:25 2013, 美东)
发信人: zyh (CH2O), 信区: ECUST
标 题: From nonfood biomass to starch
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Apr 15 18:26:35 2013, 美东)
Abstract
The global demand for food could double in another 40 y owing to growth in
the population and food consumption per capita. To meet the world’s future
food and sustainability needs for biofuels and renewable materials, the
production of starch-rich cereals and cellulose-rich bioenergy plants must
grow substantially while minimizing agriculture’s environmental footprint
and conserving biodiversity. Here we demonstrate one-pot enzymatic
conversion of pretreated biomass to starch through a nonnatural synthetic
enzymatic pathway composed of endoglucanase, cellobiohydrolyase, cellobiose
phosphorylase, and alpha-glucan phosphorylase originating from bacterial,
fungal, and plant sources. A special polypeptide cap in potato alpha-glucan
phosphorylase was essential to push a partially hydrolyzed intermediate of
cellulose forward to the synthesis of amylose. Up to 30% of the
anhydroglucose units in cellulose were converted to starch; the remaining
cellulose was hydrolyzed to glucose suitable for ethanol production by yeast
in the same bioreactor. Next-generation biorefineries based on simultaneous
enzymatic biotransformation and microbial fermentation could address the
food, biofuels, and environment trilemma.
http://www.pnas.org/content/early/2013/04/12/1302420110 |
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