|
|
|
|
|
|
y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 1 看多了德国坦克手的超人战绩,偶然发现的一个英雄的苏联坦克组干的事情(1对
43),大家都来瞅瞅:
时间:1941年8月13日,列宁格勒附近Krasnogvardeysk村。
人物:苏联KV-1坦克车组,战术编号864,车长lt.Kolobanov
战绩:单车击毁德军22辆坦克2门火炮,战友击毁20辆
过程:接到命令后,864号和另外4辆KV-1在村子附近挖坑伪装,防守几个路口,抵
挡德军第8装甲师的进攻。由于目标明确,因此各车都带了多一倍的弹药,其中2/3是穿
甲弹。首先要介绍下864号所处的位置,山坡上的树林,坦克正面是位于沼泽之间一个
十字路口。
第二天,德军第八装甲师的侦查部队通过十字路口,不久后大部队也赶到,大约有
43辆坦克。864号车突然开火,击毁了第一辆和第二辆车,随后击毁了德军坦克总队的
尾车。德军坦克被袭击后由于无法判断苏军坦克位置只好胡乱射击,有些车辆急于离开
这里结果陷入沼泽。30分钟内,864号车击毁了22辆德军坦克,随后被德军坦克确定位
置,随即遭到猛烈炮击,但是德军坦克无法击穿KV-1 的装甲,但是有一枚炮弹击中了
864号车的炮塔座圈,864号车只好开出隐蔽位置,暴露在德军坦克面前。在此过程中,
864还击毁了2门德军牵引炮。由于弹药消耗殆尽,864号通过无线电呼叫附近另一辆KV-
1,第二量KV-1赶到后,又摧毁德军坦克20辆。
战斗结束后,864车组清点车上弹坑,共计135处,无一处击穿装甲。
车长lt.Kolobanov由此获得列宁勋章,驾驶员Usov获得红旗勋章。
既然这里大家都喜欢拿德国人的老虎啊虎王啊欺负人家苏联的薄皮T-34,那我也找
个KV来欺负下德国人装备的 1,2号和 LT系列坦克。
其实大部分的坦克王牌和其战绩,凭借的都是优势的装备。
二战期间 第8装甲师是德军装甲部队里相当郁闷的一个部队之一,而苏联装甲部队
里同样相当郁闷的是:第18坦克军。 | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 2 个人中心 博客 公社 加好友 悄悄话 回复 引用 举报
第84楼
历史上,德意志民族做事谨慎,事事追求完美(这也是我崇拜这个民族的原因之一),
同样在坦克制造上,德国人总是追求机械上的完美和每一项细微性能的满足,即使当技
术水准暂时达不到要求,就不惜使系统复杂化,以此来完成每一项指标,结果产出的坦
克过于精密复杂,虽然在与苏军坦克对抗中质量上占优,但却存在种种先天不足,导致
可靠性不够,还造成了建造速度的极度落后。
而斯拉夫人则与日尔曼人的思路截然不同。不知道为什么?中国人对德国人嗜好复
杂机械的天性总灌之以奇技淫巧的恶名,却对苏联人对装甲机械的理解和工艺多有推崇
之意。在坦克制造上苏联人的基本观点是:用最快的速度和数量转化为战斗力。于是其
坦克总要在个别性能上服从总体性能,并要求每款坦克性能的强大可靠,但也使它们起
初各种病魔缠身,许多工程也因此下马。
[ 转自铁血社区 http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]
先说说稳定性,德国人制造坦克往往考虑很多,并一贯重视精锐部队,因此后期德
军坦克如虎、豹(我不喜欢称之为黑豹)和虎王它们采用的底盘都有着有着很好的减震
效果,其采用交错排列的负重轮,宽履带加上每个力矩点所承受的重量减轻,这就是为
什么德军在持续作战上占优的原因。而苏军则对之不屑一故,他们对日益加重的坦克质
量没有很好的对策,如重达42吨的JS-2坦克,由于其扭杆悬挂装置的扭矩被限制的很小
,扭杆强度明显不够,再加上JS-2坦克只有6对负重轮,每个却要承受8吨的重量,因此
作战中JS-2坦克不能获得很好的防震作用。
再说说火力对抗上,同级别的T-34/85与豹G,JS-2与虎1,JS-2M与虎王,依次来说
,当1943年豹式坦克出现在苏德战场,苏联人很快发现他们的自豪T-34/76的优势已荡
然无存,豹式坦克的前装甲达到80毫米/45度防御绝对超过T- 34/85,其KWK4275MM/70
炮也强于T-34/85的85MML/54.5火炮,此外他还是第一款装备红外夜视仪的坦克。而JS-
2与虎式坦克的较量我以在上一篇论文《再论虎式坦克与JS-2坦克优劣》中作了详细阐
述,至于JS-2M与虎王,虎王的71倍口径88毫米炮在1000米射距上对 30度倾角的装甲板
击穿能力为165-193毫米,而JS-2M的43倍口径122毫米炮的相应能力仅为145-160毫米。
德国人由此得出了一个结论:苏军火炮的攻击力往往与它的火炮口径不符(偏低,JS-2
也是如此)。此外还是想提醒大家一句:122毫米D-25T坦克炮,无论是从精度还是射速
都比不上德88毫米L/56火炮。我们不妨设想一下,1000米之内,虎式坦克与JS-2坦克同
时发现对方,战况将会如何。我的观点是:除非JS-2坦克首先开炮并一炮解决虎,否则
在剩下的一分钟内虎已向它射出了3-4发炮弹,胜负其实已在常理之中。
防护能力和可靠性的优劣,二战后期,德国国内战争资源紧缺,特别是44年土耳其
宣布停止对德国铬的供应,,虽然德军装备出现下滑但制造厂仍努力控制了下滑趋势,
并用其他材料如复合钢材缓解对稀有金属的依赖,虽然问题众多,但严格的质检和审查
已最大限度的弥补了这一不足,而苏联则不同,虽然他们也有严格的质检,但前线超高
的损失使得管理层降低了门楷,很多根本不能合格的坦克就这样上了战场,这也就不难
理解,苏军在战争后期坦克数量为德军数量的3-4倍,仍能损耗比德军高一倍的坦克的
原因了,顺便再说一下:苏联战时由于其铸造式炮塔加工工艺的不稳,铸造钢铁特别在
战时极易产生气泡,而导致许多理论上不能被击穿的坦克被击毁。再加上前线的急需,
故炮塔加工质量很难得到保证。
紧接着再说说:坦克对反坦克兵种的防护问题,要知道坦克的客星除了飞机,敌军
坦克,地雷外,最大的威胁还是单兵手上的反坦克利器,这些武器在苏德两军的巷战中
往往起决定性作用,德军坦克对反坦克兵种防护一向很谨慎如豹式坦克,就装备了3挺
MG-43机枪,其他德国坦克也一样,且大量采用更安全的焊接式装甲(诸如虎王)对单
兵手上的反坦克利器的防护几乎到了无可挑剔的程度。同理,苏军坦克经过了战火洗礼
,也不断加强护甲,但以后期苏军坦克战损70%死于德铁拳等反坦克利器之手这一惊人
数据,则可见,无论T-34,KV-85,JS-1,JS-2还是 JS-2M的防护也并非那么完美。
最后说说两国坦克建造的经济性对比,由于二战后期美军的轰炸导致了德国军事工
业的生产效率大幅度下降,导致德军坦克在数量上已严重落后于苏军,最简单的就是在
44年初原本就应该批量装备部队的虎王,到了二战末期的产量不过月产不超过50辆(虽
然德国军事机器生产复杂,可是真正导致其无法量产的致命原因恰恰就是美英的战略轰
炸)。而此时苏军最大的优势----那可怕的生产能力进一步扩大化(如生产一辆 T-34
仅仅需要8千个工时,而同级别的豹式坦克则需要15万个工时;生产一辆JS-2需要5万个
工时,同级别的虎式坦克则需要25万个工时)虽然我们看到了苏军坦克的损耗比远高于
德军(如T-34/85与豹为9:1----这是美国人的数据,虽不近真实,但足以说明豹式坦
克的优秀),但即便是这样德军面临的困难也是可想而知的。
总结:综观苏德两国那场震撼人心的坦克决战,可见两国截然不同的国情和设计思
路,改变了整个战局。我认为在坦克制造艺术和实力上看,德国都优于苏联,但是在数
量上德国却输个精光。 | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 3 卡壳的伯格曼 2009-08-13 00:56
"屠虎勇士"——亚历山大·保夫罗维克·奥斯金中尉
8月13日早晨被击毁后正在燃烧的"虎王"
第二位"屠虎勇士"——伍德洛夫中尉,他和奥斯金一样也击毁了3辆"虎王"
1944 年8月10日,乌克兰第1方面军和隶属于它的第4坦克军突破了德军在波兰交通要冲
——桑多梅日东南的防线,渡过了维斯瓦河并在对岸建立桥头垒,后续部队正源源不断
地涌来。这个桥头垒被称为桑多梅日突出部。为了拨掉这个桥头垒并堵住这个口子,在
河对岸的德军从南乌克兰集团军群抽掉来了5个师(包括一个装甲师),从德国国内调
来了5个步兵师,从匈牙利调来了3个步兵师,从桑多梅日战线调来了6个突击炮旅。针
对德军的这些举动,苏联最高统帅部重组了部队,积极准备防御德军的攻势。
在苏军近卫第3坦克集团军下辖的第6坦克军的53旅防御地段上,由科洛博夫上
校指挥的第2坦克营的阵地处于比较危险的位置,在他们右侧是装备着T-34坦克的第3坦
克营的防线,他们之间有一条很深的山谷和一条通往一个名叫奥格莱德的小村的土路。
在山谷后面的沼泽地上是隶属于97步兵师的294步兵团的防线。这个地段上苏军拥有T-
34/76坦克29辆、T-34/85坦克14辆、IS-2重型坦克 11辆、还有少数几辆ISU-122自行反
坦克炮。
8月11日,科洛博夫上校预感德军会沿着这条土路来进攻,便下达了准备战斗
的命令,往这条土路两旁的向阳葵地中各埋防了2辆T-34/85坦克,其中一辆的车长是亚
历山大·保夫罗维克· 奥斯金中尉。剩下的坦克被配置在距奥格莱德村一公里的主防
御阵地上。并派出了三支装备有坦克和摩托车的侦察分队去德军活动区域侦察。
此时在他对面的德军阵地上,隶属于第16装甲师的战斗力极强的501重战营正
在做最后的进攻准备。该营拥有34辆“虎王”重型坦克,20辆PzKpfw IV中型坦克,还
有4个摩托化步兵营。是刚刚从凯尔采市赶到桑多梅日突出部,由于全部行程是用履带
行军,因而全营的车辆都有一定程度的损坏,12日夜间用了一夜时间进行抢修。
11日夜间,正在埋伏的奥斯金中尉和他的坦克乘员们听到了从奥格莱德村方面传
来的德军坦克发动机的轰鸣声,似乎预示着德军的进攻即将开始。果然12日清晨,德军
炮兵和空军对苏军阵地进行了猛烈地轰击,但由于苏军士兵和坦克伪装得很好,因此没
取得什么效果。早上7点钟,11辆“虎王”坦克沿着奥格莱德村的土路向苏军设好埋伏
的阵地开来,奥斯金通过电台发来消息说:“德国人的坦克来了,我暂时还看不见它们
,但从声音听来它们已进村了”。不久,开在最前面的3辆“虎王”(包括雷盖特的座
车——502号“虎王”)缓缓通过奥斯金埋伏的地点,车体薄弱的侧装甲暴露在他指挥
的T-34/85坦克射程内,奥斯金先发制人在近距离上直接瞄准射击。一口气打爆了这三
辆“虎王”(奥斯金中尉这场精彩的伏击战就是《武器》杂志上介绍过的《屠虎勇士》
一文的内容),并且击毙了该营营长雷盖特中校。跟在后面的8辆“虎王”跚跚来迟,
只看到了三辆燃烧的坦克和指挥官等人的尸体,却不见袭击者的身影,因为这时奥斯金
中尉早已押着几名德军俘虏撤回了苏军阵地。由于被击毁的坦克堵住了进攻的道路,而
“虎王”那较差的机动性又无法让它从道路两旁松软的向日葵地通过,所以剩下的这几
辆“虎王”只好在运走了雷盖特等人的尸体后匆匆撤离了战场。 | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 4 苏联与德工在1940年时,在工业的生产能力、技术水平上的差距,相当于我国在1960年
时与苏联的差距。不要忘了苏联的现代工业起步于1925年,之前只能生产一些简单的工
业制品,但能生产枪炮。其水平与大清国没多大区别,最大的区别只是当时的俄国有一
些自主品牌的东西,我国则全是仿造。当时的俄国工业的主要东西就是生产和出口矿石
。苏联成立以后,在25年以前基本都是在打仗,25年以后其国内建设才走入正轨,随后
俄国人的工业天赋被发挥得淋漓尽致。
T34坦克的设计与制造与德国的虎式是有不同思路的,尤其是在开战以后建造的,全部
牺牲掉了防护,唯一可取的就是75主炮,这是当时唯一有可能打坏虎式的家伙,另一个
就是发动机,也就是它优越的机动性。在朝鲜战争以后,我国接收了一批T34坦克,确
实是这个特点。此坦克四处露风,天冷时甚至得找块木头把大缝子塞住。所以,这坦克
之所以是欧洲战场唯一能制服虎式的就是其机动性和攻击性,其他方面,就是能省则省
。其实其设计之初其他方面也不差,但苏联当时已没能力那么细致地生产了。只能靠远
东地区的临时建起的工厂进行生产,许多工艺不可能实现了。而德国当时却是整合了差
不多全欧洲的生产能力的。
[ 转自铁血社区 http://bbs.tiexue.net/ ]
另外虎式也不是全能的,其优势一是坚固的防护,二是超强的攻击力,其机动性很差,
发动机功率与其自重相比很小,并且故障率奇高,保养很难,对后勤的要求是很高的。
而且一旦把为他生产配件的工厂或是总装厂炸坏了,要恢复生产也相当难,所以其产量
也很少。但其超强的防护和攻击力却是盟军方面的恶梦,它打T34和美国的谢而曼基本
是一炮一个,中T34还能修,谢而曼就基本完蛋了。而谢而曼打虎式,基本要直接命中
,还得打到接缝等部位,才有可能打穿,而这些不仅要靠水平,还需要运气。五炮内能
把虎式打停住就很幸运了,而要取得这一成果时,最起码自己这边得趴下个七辆八辆的
了。T34要好一点,平均三炮能干废一辆虎式,让他完全失去战斗力,但T34不太好瞄,
打得慢,而且它是通过机动性来躲敌人的攻击,硬挺的话很危险,被虎式的88炮打,基
本也是一炮完事,但它设计和制造有问题,要射击就必须得停下来,这也是一大制约。
它还有个大问题,就是炮塔有问题,一是射击必须停下,这不打得准不准的问题,虽然
当时还没有行进间瞄准和射击的技术,但虎式因为速度慢,加上炮塔够结实,边走边打
虽然不准,但也可以,T34则是完全不可以的,搞不好要车毁人亡的。我军装备的T34坦
克就曾发生过这样的事故,后车同前车追尾了,虽然速度很慢,但其巨大的惯性仍让后
车的炮塔脱落错位了,而这一事故的结果就是车长的上半身都被撞掉了。 | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 5 如果说世界坦克设计与制造风格划分为东西两大阵营的话(西方资本主义和共产主义)
,那么德国就应该代表西方坦克的最高设计与制造标准,苏联代表共产主义一方,当然
,豹2和T系列在历史上并没有什么交手记录,但是在二战中,苏德坦克的正面交锋却比
比皆是。坦克,作为一个国家陆战装备的结晶,它间接的反映出来一个国家的武装设备
的设计和生产能力,苏联在二战期间的生产能力固然可敬,但事实上,苏联坦克的制造
工艺和生产水平依然比德军差出许多,比如在1941年苏德坦克的交换比是7:1(苏联
20500:2758),有人会说这是由于德国的不宣而战,苏联措手不及造成的,但在1942
年依然是 6:1(15000:2684),43年4:1(22400:6362),44年2.6:1(16900:
6434),45年 1.2:1(8700:7382),整体来说,损失比为4.4:1,但是有一点需要
指明,T-34并不是大战期间才出现的,1941年苏联就建造出来 3014辆,42年12553辆,
43年15812辆(包括85MM的283辆),44年14773辆(85MM11778辆),作为二战中最优秀
的坦克,损失至少也超过了一半(二战期间苏联坦克生产了99150辆,损失83500辆,外
国援助22800辆)。这说明,苏联坦克的生产工艺上比起德国人有着不小的差距,特别
是铸造工艺,整体铸造的缩孔缩松严重影响了装甲的质量,并且苏联并不对前部装甲进
行回火处理,导致了装甲的硬度不高,而火炮上,德国的 kwk36L/56 88MM火炮和kwk42
/70 75MM火炮几乎成了苏联坦克的噩梦,反观苏联,虽然122MM A-19火炮也是威力无比
,但他是分装式弹药,理论射速才1.5-2发/分,并且储弹量才28发,即便是T34也仅是
55发,而平均每场正常规模的战斗需要75发(前苏联军事科学家沃罗比约夫在其书《苏
军装甲部队协同作战原则》中指出),也就是说,在一次战斗中,一辆T34需要返回战
线后防补给,而JS2 需要3次,德国则不一样,黑豹是82发,虎式后期型竟然是108发,
瞄准系统就不说了(JS2在1500-2000米的水平地球人都知道,但88炮能在 2.7公里击中
一辆M3,75MM炮曾经在3.3公里处击毁一辆T34<当然不是正面>)。在机动方面,苏军存
在着比较大的优势,T34为 55KM/H,四号为38KM/H。但是在总体性能上,苏联坦克(个
体)的整体性能却处于下风。并且我并不认为适合大规模生产的坦克对装甲兵和装甲部
队有多大的好处(对战争全局除外),毕竟,大批富有经验的士兵的死亡对一支部队来
说危害是难以估量的。而对于士兵的士气来说,谁愿意在移动的棺材里打仗呢? | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 6 The next day, a single Kv-2 heavy tank, at a crossroads in front of
Raseiniai, managed to cut off elements of the 6th Panzer Division which had
established bridgeheads on the Dubysa. It stalled the Division's advance for
a full day while being attacked by a variety of antitank weapons, until it
finally ran out of ammunition.[11][12][d][e] | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 7 现代张翼德再世
had
for
it
【在 y****i 的大作中提到】 : The next day, a single Kv-2 heavy tank, at a crossroads in front of : Raseiniai, managed to cut off elements of the 6th Panzer Division which had : established bridgeheads on the Dubysa. It stalled the Division's advance for : a full day while being attacked by a variety of antitank weapons, until it : finally ran out of ammunition.[11][12][d][e]
| y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 8 It was here that German forces encountered a unit equipped with the Soviet
KV heavy tanks for the first time. Gen. E.N. Soliankin's 2nd Tank Division
from Soviet 3rd Mechanised Corps attacked and overran elements of the German
6th Panzer Division[7][c][I] near Skaudvilė on 23 June. The Germans'
Panzer 35(t) tanks and antitank weapons were practically ineffective against
the Soviet heavy tanks—some of them were out of ammunition, but closed
with and destroyed German antitank guns by literally driving over them.[8][9
][f] Attempts to destroy these armoured giants concentrated on first
immobilising them by firing at their tracks and then by tackling them with
artillery, AA Guns, or by blowing them up at close range by high explosive
charges of the Sticky Bomb type. An account by the Thuringian 1st Panzer
Division describes this battle.
The Kv-1 & Kv-2, which we first met here, were really something! Our
companies opened fire at about 800 yards, but it remained ineffective. We
moved closer and closer to the enemy, who for his part continued to approach
us unconcerned. Very soon we were facing each other at 50 to 100 yards. A
fantastic exchange of fire took place without any visible German success.
The Russian tanks continued to advance, and all armour-piercing shells
simply bounced off them. Thus we were presently faced with the alarming
situation of the Russian tanks driving through the ranks of 1st Panzer
Regiment towards our own infantry and our hinterland. Our Panzer Regiment
therefore about turned and rumbled back with the Kv-1s and Kv-2s, roughly in
line with them. In the course of that operation we succeeded in
immobilizing some of them with special purpose shells at very close range 30
to 60 yards. A counter attack was launched and the Russians were thrown
back. A protective front established & defensive fighting continued. [10]
The next day, a single Kv-2 heavy tank, at a crossroads in front of
Raseiniai, managed to cut off elements of the 6th Panzer Division which had
established bridgeheads on the Dubysa. It stalled the Division's advance for
a full day while being attacked by a variety of antitank weapons, until it
finally ran out of ammunition.[11][12][d][e] | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 9 It was here that German forces encountered a unit equipped with the Soviet
KV heavy tanks for the first time. Gen. E.N. Soliankin's 2nd Tank Division
from Soviet 3rd Mechanised Corps attacked and overran elements of the German
6th Panzer Division[7][c][I] near Skaudvilė on 23 June. The Germans'
Panzer 35(t) tanks and antitank weapons were practically ineffective against
the Soviet heavy tanks—some of them were out of ammunition, but closed
with and destroyed German antitank guns by literally driving over them.[8][9
][f] Attempts to destroy these armoured giants concentrated on first
immobilising them by firing at their tracks and then by tackling them with
artillery, AA Guns, or by blowing them up at close range by high explosive
charges of the Sticky Bomb type. An account by the Thuringian 1st Panzer
Division describes this battle.
The Kv-1 & Kv-2, which we first met here, were really something! Our
companies opened fire at about 800 yards, but it remained ineffective. We
moved closer and closer to the enemy, who for his part continued to approach
us unconcerned. Very soon we were facing each other at 50 to 100 yards. A
fantastic exchange of fire took place without any visible German success.
The Russian tanks continued to advance, and all armour-piercing shells
simply bounced off them. Thus we were presently faced with the alarming
situation of the Russian tanks driving through the ranks of 1st Panzer
Regiment towards our own infantry and our hinterland. Our Panzer Regiment
therefore about turned and rumbled back with the Kv-1s and Kv-2s, roughly in
line with them. In the course of that operation we succeeded in
immobilizing some of them with special purpose shells at very close range 30
to 60 yards. A counter attack was launched and the Russians were thrown
back. A protective front established & defensive fighting continued. [10]
The next day, a single Kv-2 heavy tank, at a crossroads in front of
Raseiniai, managed to cut off elements of the 6th Panzer Division which had
established bridgeheads on the Dubysa. It stalled the Division's advance for
a full day while being attacked by a variety of antitank weapons, until it
finally ran out of ammunition.[11][12][d][e] | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 10 不懂装备了KV和T34的苏军为什么那么容易被包饺子。 | | | k*****r 发帖数: 21039 | 11 扯淡。 苏联工业基础不差。
中苏差距和苏德差距没有可比性。
【在 y****i 的大作中提到】 : 苏联与德工在1940年时,在工业的生产能力、技术水平上的差距,相当于我国在1960年 : 时与苏联的差距。不要忘了苏联的现代工业起步于1925年,之前只能生产一些简单的工 : 业制品,但能生产枪炮。其水平与大清国没多大区别,最大的区别只是当时的俄国有一 : 些自主品牌的东西,我国则全是仿造。当时的俄国工业的主要东西就是生产和出口矿石 : 。苏联成立以后,在25年以前基本都是在打仗,25年以后其国内建设才走入正轨,随后 : 俄国人的工业天赋被发挥得淋漓尽致。 : T34坦克的设计与制造与德国的虎式是有不同思路的,尤其是在开战以后建造的,全部 : 牺牲掉了防护,唯一可取的就是75主炮,这是当时唯一有可能打坏虎式的家伙,另一个 : 就是发动机,也就是它优越的机动性。在朝鲜战争以后,我国接收了一批T34坦克,确 : 实是这个特点。此坦克四处露风,天冷时甚至得找块木头把大缝子塞住。所以,这坦克
| c****g 发帖数: 37081 | 12 逻辑混乱、广掺私货、颠三倒四、ass决定脑壳,毫无内函,垃圾中的极品。 | f**********r 发帖数: 576 | 13 这有问题把,T34防护是不如虎,但远超过德国佬的IV型,比豹也不差,
而且T34出现时间可比虎和豹早。并且T34凭着优良的机动性,打爆虎
的记录也不少
【在 y****i 的大作中提到】 : 苏联与德工在1940年时,在工业的生产能力、技术水平上的差距,相当于我国在1960年 : 时与苏联的差距。不要忘了苏联的现代工业起步于1925年,之前只能生产一些简单的工 : 业制品,但能生产枪炮。其水平与大清国没多大区别,最大的区别只是当时的俄国有一 : 些自主品牌的东西,我国则全是仿造。当时的俄国工业的主要东西就是生产和出口矿石 : 。苏联成立以后,在25年以前基本都是在打仗,25年以后其国内建设才走入正轨,随后 : 俄国人的工业天赋被发挥得淋漓尽致。 : T34坦克的设计与制造与德国的虎式是有不同思路的,尤其是在开战以后建造的,全部 : 牺牲掉了防护,唯一可取的就是75主炮,这是当时唯一有可能打坏虎式的家伙,另一个 : 就是发动机,也就是它优越的机动性。在朝鲜战争以后,我国接收了一批T34坦克,确 : 实是这个特点。此坦克四处露风,天冷时甚至得找块木头把大缝子塞住。所以,这坦克
| v*****s 发帖数: 20290 | 14 因为德军是蒋二公子一手带出来的。
【在 y****i 的大作中提到】 : 不懂装备了KV和T34的苏军为什么那么容易被包饺子。
| y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 15 The T-34 came to symbolise the effectiveness of the Soviet counterattack
against the Germans. One of the first known encounters with a T-34 involved
the 17th Panzer Division near the Dniepr River. The T-34 crushed a 37 mm
anti-tank gun, destroyed two Panzer IIs, and left nine miles of destruction
in its wake before being destroyed at close range by a howitzer. The
appearance of the T-34 in the summer of 1941 was a psychological shock to
German soldiers, who had been prepared to face an inferior Soviet enemy;
this is shown by the diary of Alfred Jodl, who seems to have been taken by
surprise at the appearance of the T-34 in Riga.[43]
The T-34 could engage any 1941 German tank effectively, but it suffered severe mechanical problems. For example, engines would grind to a halt from dust and sand ingestion (the original Pomon filter was almost totally ineffective), and transmission/clutch assemblies were prone to serious mechanical problems. At least half the first summer's total tank losses were due to mechanical failure rather than German fire, though this figure includes older tanks in disrepair.[43] There was a shortage of repair equipment, and it was not uncommon for early T-34s to enter combat carrying a spare transmission on the engine deck. Improvements were made throughout production, with a new gearbox in 1942, as well as many individually minor updates.[44]
During the winter of 1941–42, the T-34 again dominated German tanks through its ability to move over deep mud or snow without bogging down; German tanks could not move over terrain the T-34 could handle. The Panzer IV used an inferior leaf-spring suspension and narrow track, and tended to sink in deep mud or snow.[45]
The German infantry, at that time armed mostly with PaK 36 37 mm (1.46 in) antitank gun, had no effective means of stopping T-34s. Even during the Battle of France the Pak 36 had earned the nickname "Door Knocker" among French and British tank crews, due to its inability to penetrate anything but the lightest tank armour, though it worked very well at announcing the presence of the gun crew. Crews of these weapons fighting on the Eastern front found it even more badly outmatched by the armour of Soviet tanks, often having to rely on heavier towed firepower, such as the relatively rare but effective Pak 38, the newer and much heavier Pak 40 and especially the 88 mm Flak guns that could not be moved into location as easily. Only the poor level of Soviet crew training, the ineptitude of Soviet commanders, mechanical teething troubles and sparse distribution prevented the T-34 from achieving greater success. | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 16 At the beginning of Germany's Operation Barbarossa most of the Soviet Union'
s tank forces were composed of the T-26 tank series and BT. A few T-40s had
appeared, along with about 1363 mechanically unreliable early T-34 tanks,
and 677 KV-1 and KV-2s. Many early T-34s were captured or destroyed. Much of
this early failure was due to lack of coordination, ill-supplied and ill-
trained tank crews, and the lack of readiness of the Red Army in general.
Another difficulty for the T-34 was that it had only a four man crew, with
the tank commander doubling as the gunner. Although spared from loading
duties, as French tank commanders had been, it still crippled the tank
commander's ability to maintain awareness of the battlefield while firing
the tank's main gun, giving a tactical advantage to German armour. | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 17 41年苏军有677 KV-1 and KV-2s,1363 mT-34 tanks
就好比有500辆虎王,1000辆豹式在手,这是可怕的优势,但战绩太差了 | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 18 41年苏军机械化军的装备很厉害呀:
2nd Mechanised Corps
Tanks of the corps were transferred to Kotovsk. Corps number of tanks: 10 KV
, 46 T-34, 275 BT-7, 38 T-26, 9 KhT (Flame throwers), 13 T-37/38. 15th
Motorised Division was subordinated to the 48th Rifle Corps (till July, 18).
On 22 June 1941 3rd Mechanised Corps had 31,975 men & 651 Tanks (110 New T-34 & Kv-1s).[4]
on July 1, 1941, the operational strength of the 8th Mechanized Corps, now comprising the 12th Tank and 7th Motorized Divisions, amounted to 19,000 men, 21 armored cars and 207 tanks, including 43 KVs, 31 T-34s, 69 BT-7s, 57 T-26s and 7 T-40s
http://www.armchairgeneral.com/rkkaww2/formation/mechcorps/2mk.
http://www.armchairgeneral.com/rkkaww2/formation/mechcorps/tabl
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3rd_Mechanised_Corps_%28Soviet_Uni | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 19 Battle of Brody (1941) 仅次于库尔斯克坦克大战
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Battle_of_Brody_%281941%29
The battle between Panzer Group 1 and the Soviet mechanized corps was the
fiercest of the whole invasion, lasting a full four days. The Soviets fought
furiously and crews of German tank and anti-tank guns found to their horror
that the new Soviet T-34 tanks were almost immune to their weapons. The new
KV-1 and KV-2 heavy tanks were impervious to virtually all German anti-tank
weapons, but the Red Army's supply had completely broken down due to
Luftwaffe attacks.
The German Kampfgeschwader, namely KG 51, KG 54 and KG 55 contributed a
series of heavy low-level attacks against the Soviet ground targets. The
headquarters of the Soviet 15th Mechanised Corps was destroyed, and its
commander, General-Major Ignat Karpezo, was wounded. The Luftwaffe destroyed
some 201 Soviet tanks in this area.[17]
The five Red Army corps were mishandled while being concentrated into large
powerful groups. The German troops sought to isolate individual units, and
destroy them. Meanwhile the Luftwaffe was ranging over the battlefields and
were able to separate the supporting infantry and deny them resupply of fuel
and ammunition.[18] Ultimately due to lack of adequate planning and overall
coordination the Soviet counter-attack failed to meet at Dubno. | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | | | | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 21 http://www.battlefield.ru/en/articles/168-8mechanized-corps-off
After a brief respite, the enemy suddenly attacked us from the left. This
sector was supposed to have been defended by the 212th Motorized Division of the 15th Mechanized Corps. However, apparently by June 28 there were no Red Army forces in that sector, and so approximately 40 enemy tanks were able to drive unmolested right into the 12th Tank Division’s headquarters.
General T. A. Mishanin sent 3 KV and 4 T-34 tanks to deal with this threat, while I added a further 3 KVs. The 10 tank crews fought with considerable skill, and were able to destroy all 40 enemy tanks at no loss to themselves, thanks to their tanks’ thick frontal armor that was impervious to German tank guns. | y****i 发帖数: 1050 | 22 就像西线虎豹挡不住美英小坦克一样。
看来空优比重装甲陆军更重要。
【在 y****i 的大作中提到】 : 看来是德军的空优打掉了KV和T34的优势
| i*****g 发帖数: 11893 | 23 列宁格勒的那个KV是个有名的例子
KV主要麻烦是机动性能极差,好像1小时5-10公里的速度。基本上就是个能移动的重型
防护炮台。
俄国人生产军备追求数量,有意牺牲了质量,他们当然有很多理由的
前线T34是一个型号,大规模生产的T34又是一个型号,外销卫星国的又是一个型号
米帝现在就是德国路线,高精尖的武器,在局部战争中大占优势。但总动员战争未必有
优势,
这个军备大选择的事情谁也说不准,只是各国拼信念。俄国的海量制造理念如果没有后
勤和人民牺牲为后盾,也玩不起来的。 | H****r 发帖数: 16240 | |
|
|
|
|
|
|