h***i 发帖数: 89031 | | h***i 发帖数: 89031 | 2 传教士把满清称做鞑靼,真不懂还是假不懂
【在 h***i 的大作中提到】![](/moin_static193/solenoid/img/up.png)
| h***i 发帖数: 89031 | 3 真不懂,那他的书就是扯淡
【在 h***i 的大作中提到】![](/moin_static193/solenoid/img/up.png) : 传教士把满清称做鞑靼,真不懂还是假不懂
| h***i 发帖数: 89031 | 4 假不懂,那他的立场很有问题
【在 h***i 的大作中提到】![](/moin_static193/solenoid/img/up.png) : 真不懂,那他的书就是扯淡
| m***n 发帖数: 12188 | 5 Tartar这个词,在中世纪到20世纪初的英语,经常都指亚欧大陆的全部游牧民。其它西
欧语言也类似。
给大家抄一段亚当斯密的《国富论》的一段:
“When a civilized nation depends for its defence upon a militia, it is at
all times exposed to be conquered by any barbarous nation which happens to
be in its neighbourhood. The frequent conquests of all the civilized
countries in Asia by the Tartars, sufficiently demonstrates the superiority,
which the militia of a barbarous, has over that of the civilized nation. A
well-regulated standing army is superior to every militia. Such an army,,,,
can best be maintained by an opulent and civilized nation, so it can alone
defend such a nation against the invasion of a poor and barbarous neighbour.
It is only by means of such a standing army, that the civilization of any
country can be perpetuated, or even preserved for any considerable time.”
亚当斯密说,那些Tartar人身边的文明国家,因为总是被打断原有进步过程,无法取得
长久进步,总是原地踏步,甚至大规模倒退。 而英国是岛国,西欧也是远离鞑靼人,
蒙古人也没打到西欧。所以能取得长久和稳定的进步。
前面的 militia (民兵)是指那种过去的军队,上下级带有封建或者从属关系的军队
,比如明朝的军户(将军也是地主军头),欧洲的封建军队,游牧民(将军也是部落酋
长和奴隶主),阿拉伯和土耳其(士兵在身份上是将军的奴隶或者半奴隶)之类。 而
standing army是现代社会的常备军。 由国家供养训练,人员不断流动,不带私人从属
关系,退休后的生活由国家负责。 | D*****i 发帖数: 8922 | | p*********3 发帖数: 8525 | 7 你们族谱上面记的?
【在 h***i 的大作中提到】![](/moin_static193/solenoid/img/up.png)
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