l*******2
发帖数: 1 | 1 原因有二 1） 中国政府部门一开始参与了，出了事以后把责任推给了贺教授
2） 西方科学家想急切知道CCR5敲出对脑发育会不会增强
https://www.vox.com/2019/3/4/18245864/chinese-scientist-crispr
我给你们摘了二段
Overall, He has been painted in the media — including in China — as a
rogue actor and bad apple
大家把贺教授描绘成坏蛋和烂苹果
But according to a slide presentation, the clinical trials registry, and
patient consent forms obtained by journalist Jane Qiu for Stat, three
Chinese government institutions were listed as the funders of He’s
experiment: the Ministry of Science and Technology (the nation’s federal
science agency), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,
and Southern University of Science and Technology, where He was a professor.
至少有科技部，深圳科委，南方科技大学三个政府部门参与了贺教授的研究计划 | l*******2
发帖数: 1 | 2 CRISPR babies: the Chinese government may have known more than it let on
When scientist He Jiankui announced he’d conducted an experiment that led
to the birth of twin girls with CRISPR-edited genomes in November, the
international scientific community swiftly condemned him. In the uproar that
followed, the Chinese government, He’s university, and the hospital where
the babies were born distanced themselves from the researcher, who claimed
he was the first scientist known to use CRISPR to edit human embryos
resulting in a live birth — and that a third CRISPR baby was on the way.
But there were also glaring inconsistencies in the official version of
events. As the Washington Post reported, a hospital executive appeared on
camera in an Associated Press video applauding He’s work, which seemed
strange given that the hospital later denounced him. And an informed consent
form He used stated that his university funded the experiment.
Speculation swirled about whether, perhaps, elements within the Chinese
government supported He’s work to get ahead of other countries also
experimenting with CRISPR technology, later using He as a fall guy.
Over the past couple of weeks, new details have emerged that further
complicate the narrative around He’s CRISPR baby experiment, which He said
was focused on making the babies resistant to HIV. Stat News published
evidence showing that the Chinese government and He’s university indeed may
have been more invested in He’s experiment than they previously let on.
That story follows a disturbing report from the MIT Technology Review that
suggested He could have been seeking to enhance the brains of the babies he
experimented on, not just aiming to prevent their HIV risk. Here’s what we
know and don’t know.
The Chinese government may have known more about the CRISPR babies than it
let on
Shortly after He announced his experiment, China’s National Health
Commission ordered an investigation of He’s research. In January, an
initial government report found that He “seriously violated” state laws in
pursuit of “personal fame and fortune.” His university, the Southern
University of Science and Technology in Shenzhen, fired him and said his
experiment was done “outside of the school.”
He might also face criminal charges, according to Nature, for potentially
coercing patients to stay in his study by threatening financial penalties if
they dropped out, and faking ethics review documents.
Overall, He has been painted in the media — including in China — as a
rogue actor and bad apple, tinkering quietly in a lab while smashing through
norms and local laws to feed his ego. He also claimed that he privately
funded the work while on unpaid leave from his job as a professor.
But according to a slide presentation, the clinical trials registry, and
patient consent forms obtained by journalist Jane Qiu for Stat, three
Chinese government institutions were listed as the funders of He’s
experiment: the Ministry of Science and Technology (the nation’s federal
science agency), the Shenzhen Science and Technology Innovation Commission,
and Southern University of Science and Technology, where He was a professor.
The Stat story depicts He as a “darling” of China’s science ministry,
whose previous research on a DNA sequencing device was even featured on
China’s state television news. He had also reportedly been trying to
convince the government of the southern province of Hainan to launch IVF
clinics that specialized in germline editing — which involves tinkering
with the DNA in embryos, eggs, and sperm to alter heritable traits.
It’s possible He lied about the government support in his study disclosures
to gain credibility, or that these agencies didn’t know how He would use
their money. In an email to Stat, the science ministry denied any
involvement in the research, saying that “based on the preliminary
investigation, it did not fund He’s activities of human genome editing.”
New York University bioethicist Arthur Caplan, who wasn’t involved in the
research, pointed out that funding research on human embryos is not illegal
in China, and it’s possible the government or He’s university “funded the
human embryo research, but were not aware He was going to put them into
women and try to produce a baby with modification.” That would help explain
the condemnation by Chinese institutions since He’s announcement.
On the other hand, “If the documents are correct,” Qiu writes at Stat, “
they would suggest China is supporting research that the US and other
countries consider unethical, and raise doubts about the preliminary
conclusion of a government investigation that He acted mostly on his own.”
The findings certainly raise questions about what really happened with the
CRISPR baby study, and who was behind it. In addition to the ongoing
investigations in China, Stanford has opened an investigation into what its
faculty knew before the experiment, since at least three faculty members
seemed to be privy to He’s intentions — the most of any institution.
Michael Deem of Rice University — a former adviser of He and potentially
the most senior scientist who knew about his experiment — is also under
investigation.
For now, the current health status of the three babies isn’t known, and
there’s no clear evidence about what exactly He did, since he hasn’t yet
published a report on his study or shared all his data for peer review.
He may have enhanced the brains of the CRISPR babies
In another twist of events, He may have also attempted to enhance the CRISPR
babies’ brains to improve their intelligence, according to a February 21
report from Antonio Regalado at the MIT Technology Review.
The official, stated objective of He’s experiment was to disable a gene
called CCR5 so the girls might be resistant to potential infection with HIV.
He justified his experiment two ways. First, he made a human case: that the
father of the girls had HIV and wanted to ensure his children would never
suffer like he has. Second, he made a scientific case: that CCR5 is a well-
studied genetic mutation and there’s “real-world medical value” to
figuring out how CRISPR can be used to cripple it and prevent HIV.
Many people in the science community did not agree with that reasoning. Hank
Greely, a Stanford law and ethics professor, called the experiment “
reckless [because] of a terrible benefit/risk ratio for the baby.” Others
deemed the study “monstrous,” “unconscionable,” and “premature,” also
noting that CCR5 plays a role in fighting infections, including West Nile
virus, so the babies might be vulnerable.
He previously stated that he’s “against genome editing for enhancement.”
But now a more complicated story is emerging. The CCR5 gene has been shown
in mice to enhance cognition and memory, and Regalado reports that
scientists believe He may have gone after CCR5 in an attempt to enhance the
brains of the babies.
“The simplest interpretation is that those mutations will probably have an
impact on cognitive function in the twins,” Alcino J. Silva, a University
of California Los Angeles neurobiologist who helped discover CCR5’s effect
on memory, told Regalado.
To be clear, there’s no direct evidence that He set out to boost the babies
’ cognitive function. And there are so many genes and factors involved in
shaping intelligence, it’s questionable that a tweak in one might have an
impact.
But the link between the gene and intelligence is suggestive, and it could
help explain why He would have bothered editing embryos in order to prevent
an infection that is both entirely treatable (with antiretroviral therapies)
and preventable by much less risky means (safe sex).
Researchers are still calling for a “take it slow” approach on CRISPR in
humans
Most experts still think CRISPR isn’t ready for tinkering with in humans
outside of a serious medical need. A 2017 National Academies of Sciences
report on gene editing stated that clinical trials could be greenlit in the
future “for serious conditions under stringent oversight” but “genome
editing for enhancement should not be allowed at this time.”
There are real limits to what CRISPR can do, at least right now. Scientists
have recently learned that the approach to gene editing can inadvertently
wipe out and rearrange large swaths of DNA in ways that may imperil human
health. That follows recent studies showing that CRISPR-edited cells can
inadvertently trigger cancer.
That’s why the research community has generally advocated for a slow,
cautious approach to gene-editing human embryos — which makes He’s
experiment, and the fact that the government may have supported it, all the
more shocking.
“I feel a strong responsibility that it’s not just to make a first, but
also make it an example,” He said last year. On whether others follow his
lead, he added, “Society will decide what to do next.” Or perhaps the
Chinese government already has.
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The bogus “Momo challenge” internet hoax, | n********g
发帖数: 6504 | | M*******n
发帖数: 10087 | 4 人性的矛盾之处，一方面觉得很不道德，不想自己做，一方面又很好奇做了到底会怎样
，希望别人做 | l*******2
发帖数: 1 | 5 西方一开始觉得不道德也谴责贺教授，但是现在看到土鳖可能要对贺教授下毒手，
所以开始同情贺教授了，旁敲侧击就是告诉土鳖别胡来
【在 M*******n 的大作中提到】
: 人性的矛盾之处，一方面觉得很不道德，不想自己做，一方面又很好奇做了到底会怎样
: ，希望别人做
| n********g
发帖数: 6504 | 6 这叫嘴上谴责，实际行动支持。
【在 l*******2 的大作中提到】
: 西方一开始觉得不道德也谴责贺教授，但是现在看到土鳖可能要对贺教授下毒手，
: 所以开始同情贺教授了，旁敲侧击就是告诉土鳖别胡来
| C*****l
发帖数: 1 | 7 贺建奎已然是基因编辑的先驱，现在处罚某种程度上是保护 | l*******2
发帖数: 1 | 8 等出了成果，会不会又有一大堆人出来摘桃子？
【在 C*****l 的大作中提到】
: 贺建奎已然是基因编辑的先驱，现在处罚某种程度上是保护
| C**********e
发帖数: 23303 | 9 基因编辑能出高智商婴儿
西方绝对会非常感兴趣的
如果能给人延长寿命
那就更不得了 | l*******2
发帖数: 1 | 10 这也是正是我担心的，到时候大家都这么搞 就刹不住车了，真的就像四匹说的那样魔
鬼基改人出现了
【在 C**********e 的大作中提到】
: 基因编辑能出高智商婴儿
: 西方绝对会非常感兴趣的
: 如果能给人延长寿命
: 那就更不得了
|
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