I*******g
发帖数: 7600 | |
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 2 乙肝病毒疫苗
乙型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine），常简称乙肝疫苗。是用来预防乙型肝炎的疫
苗。
第一剂建议于出生后的24小时内就注射，要视情况决定之后还须追加第二或第三剂。这
包括免疫功能不全的患者：例如患有艾滋病的人，或是早产儿。
若是身心健康且有定期接种疫苗，则保护力可高达95% 。 |
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 3 高风险族群会建议进行血液检测以确认疫苗的效用。
有免疫功能问题的病人可能有追加注射疫苗的必要，但一般民众则大多不需要。
曾受到乙型肝炎病毒感染且尚未有健全免疫力的病患，之后追加施打的疫苗应增加乙型
肝炎免疫球蛋白，此疫苗会经由肌肉注射的方式接种。 |
m***a
发帖数: 13878 | |
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 5 第一种乙肝疫苗是在1981年经美国核准，1986年另一种更加安全的疫苗获批上市，均由
美国微生物学家莫里斯·希勒曼的团队研发。
由于乙肝可引发肝癌，该疫苗也被视为首款抗癌疫苗，获得广泛使用。
目前此药名列世界卫生组织基本药物标准清单内，同时也是基础医疗里很重要的药物之
一。
2014年单剂的量贩价介于0.58至13.20美元间，在美国的售价则落在50到100美元的区间
内。 |
n********g
发帖数: 6504 | 6 流感
【在 I*******g 的大作中提到】
: 没有
: 句号！
|
d***n
发帖数: 412 | 7 加句号不代表你说的对。急着加句号是心虚的表现。
https://www.cdc.gov/vaccines/schedules/hcp/imz/child-adolescent.html
看看这里面有几个疫苗需要3针以上。这是必须要接种的。且不说流感每年接种。
【在 I*******g 的大作中提到】
: 没有
: 句号！
|
z****4
发帖数: 1 | |
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 9 Are extra doses of vaccines harmful?
No. An extra dose of any vaccine is similar to being exposed to the virus or
bacteria in nature; the difference is that with a dose of vaccine, you know
that the exposure happened. If your grandson was exposed to Haemophilus
influenzae type b (Hib) in the community, you would not necessarily know
about it, but whether he was exposed in the community or by vaccination, his
immune system will respond in the same way — it will recognize Hib as “
foreign” and make an immune response to prevent disease. |
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | 10 Why are several doses of some vaccines needed?
The number of necessary doses of a particular vaccine depends on many
factors including the type of vaccine, the burden of disease in the
community, and how the immune system works:
Type of vaccine
Vaccines made from live, weakened viruses work by reproducing at low levels
in the body. As a result, the immune response that is generated tends to be
stronger and the number of doses to maintain immunity, fewer. In contrast,
vaccines made from single proteins, polysaccharides (a sugar coating found
on some bacteria), or toxoids (inactivated bacterial toxins) will only
generate antibodies against those parts that were in the vaccine, and
because replication does not occur, a less robust and less diverse memory
response will result.
Disease in the community
The amount of disease spreading around a community is directly related to
how many people in the community are susceptible. Think about if you were to
go to two parties. At the first party, you hardly know anyone and the
people you meet do not share your interests; however, at the second party,
you know almost every one and they like the same things as you. Which party
would you most likely stay at longer? The same is true for viruses and
bacteria; the more places they can find to “take up residence” in a
community, the more likely they are to stay and spread.
The amount of disease in a community may change in two ways that can lead to
additional doses of a vaccine being necessary for individuals:
First, over time, as more people are vaccinated, the amount of disease
circulating in the community may decrease. This can result in people being
exposed less frequently and, therefore, needing an additional dose of
vaccine to maintain immunity. An example of this is the chickenpox vaccine.
When it was first introduced, only infants received a dose, but later, a
second dose was recommended before starting school to “remind” the immune
system of the chickenpox virus.
The second scenario during which additional doses of vaccine may be needed
is during an outbreak. In this situation, if the infection is spreading
through the community, people who were vaccinated several years earlier may
need a booster dose. An example of this is adults who may be recommended to
get another dose of mumps vaccine if mumps is circulating in their community.
How the immune system works
We are all aware of certain physical indicators of age — weight, wrinkles,
even energy levels — but not everyone thinks about the fact that our immune
system is also aging. Many people wonder if an infant’s immune system is
capable of responding to the immunologic components in vaccines. The fact is
that our immune systems begin to protect us from potentially harmful
pathogens in the environment almost immediately after we’re born. In
contrast, as we age, our immune system is not as robust, and we become more
susceptible to diseases we may not have had a problem defending against when
we were younger.
Shingles, which is a reawakening of a previous chickenpox infection, is one
example. Most of us had chickenpox as children, but what we may not have
realized is that even though we got better, some of the chickenpox virus
remained silently in our nervous system. We don’t think about it because
our immune system keeps the virus in check. However, if our immunity gets
low because of illness, stress or age, the chickenpox virus might reawaken.
The result is a bout with shingles. |
N**********i
发帖数: 161 | 11 可惜流感疫苗是灭火疫苗， 无毒副作用
盹盹盹
【在 m***a 的大作中提到】
: 看怎么定义了，流感疫苗一年一针
|
m***a
发帖数: 13878 | 12 那是另外一个问题
【在 N**********i 的大作中提到】
: 可惜流感疫苗是灭火疫苗， 无毒副作用
: 盹盹盹
|
T****t
发帖数: 11162 | |
m*****n
发帖数: 204 | 14 有啊：
Polio (IPV): 4 doses
Tdap: 5 doses, then a booster dose every 10 years
PCV: 3 doses
HIB: 3 or 4 depending on brand of vaccine
Hepatitis B: 3 doses is recommended |
z*******o
发帖数: 1794 | 15 流感啊，年年打。大惊小怪，以后每年一针mRNA
【在 I*******g 的大作中提到】
: 没有
: 句号！
|
b*2
发帖数: 1 | 16
【在 I*******g 的大作中提到】
: 没有
: 句号！
|
B******s
发帖数: 1 | 17 啥也不懂就少jjww了，谁告诉你HBV要打三针？
最常见的要打三针的，比如MMR，你唧唧哇哇了这么多竟然不知道MMR，看来你离文明社
会实在太遥远了。估计你至少是计划免疫时代（1960年代）前生的
【在 P****R 的大作中提到】
: 乙肝病毒疫苗
: 乙型肝炎疫苗（Hepatitis B vaccine），常简称乙肝疫苗。是用来预防乙型肝炎的疫
: 苗。
: 第一剂建议于出生后的24小时内就注射，要视情况决定之后还须追加第二或第三剂。这
: 包括免疫功能不全的患者：例如患有艾滋病的人，或是早产儿。
: 若是身心健康且有定期接种疫苗，则保护力可高达95% 。
|
N**********i
发帖数: 161 | 18 别几把逗乐
流感疫苗成分年年换
RNA疫苗三针全几把是一样的， 8个月内打完3针
这么逗逼的疫苗还真是第一家
lol
【在 z*******o 的大作中提到】
: 流感啊，年年打。大惊小怪，以后每年一针mRNA
|
t****m
发帖数: 135 | 19 狂犬病疫苗
4针版本或者5针版本
楼主少见多怪，贻笑大方 |
b**l
发帖数: 33123 | 20 流感这个例子不适合 我就不打
【在 z*******o 的大作中提到】
: 流感啊，年年打。大惊小怪，以后每年一针mRNA
|
P****R
发帖数: 22479 | |
B*********a
发帖数: 6244 | |
