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发帖数: 8613 | 8 作者：键盘·侠
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远东国际法庭的统计Individual soldiers and small groups of two of three
roamed over the city murdering, raping, looting, and burning. there was no
discipline whatever. Many soldiers were drunk. Solders went through the
streets indiscriminately killing Chinese men, women and children without
apparent provocation or excuse until in places the streets and alleys were
littered with the bodies of their victims. According to another witness,
Chinese were hunted like rabbits, everyone seen to move was shot. At least
12,000 non-combatant Chinese men, women and children met their deaths in
these indiscriminate killings during the first two or three days of the
Japanese occupation of the city.单个的和二三人一组的日军士兵，在城市中出没，
到处杀人、强奸、掠夺和焚烧，为所欲为。许多士兵都酩酊大醉。他们在大街上见到中
国人就杀，不管是男人、女人或儿童，不需要任何理由和借口。有几条大街和弄堂，遍
地都是中国人的尸体。根据另一个目击者的证词，中国人像野兔一样被日军当作猎物射
击。只要看见有活动的中国人，他就会被打死。在日军占领南京后的头两三天中，至少
有12000名非武装人员的中国男性、女性和儿童，死于日军的屠杀中。There were many
cases of rape. Death was a frequently penalty for the slightest resistance
on the part of a civtion [sic] or the members of her family who sought to
protect her. Even girls of tender years and old women were raped in large
numbers throughout the city, and many cases of abnormal and sadistic
behaviour in connection with these rapings occurred. Many women were killed
after the act and their bodies mutilated. Approximately 20,000 cases of rape
occurred within the city during the first month of the occupation.同时，还
发生了许多起强奸。中国女性或者试图保护她的家人，只要稍有反抗，就立刻会被杀死
。甚至城中大量未成年的女孩和老年妇女，都被强奸。在强奸过程中，还发生了许多起
变态和虐待行为。许多妇女在强奸后被杀，她们的尸体被烧毁。在占领后的第一个月中
，大约共发生了20000起强奸。Japanese soldiers took from the people everything
they desired. Soldiers were observed to stop unarmed civilians on the road,
search them, and finding nothing of value then to shoot them. Very many
residential and commercial properties were entered and looted. Looted stocks
were carried away in trucks. After looting shops and warehouses, the
Japanese soldiers frequently set fire to them.日军士兵从南京居民手中，夺走任
何他们看中的东西。有人看到，日军士兵在路上拦住手无寸铁的平民，进行搜身，如果
没发现有价值的东西，日军就会杀死他们。大量的民居和商业用房，都被日军闯入，洗
劫一空。抢来的物品装在卡车上运走。在抢劫完毕之后，日军经常会纵火，将房屋付之
一炬。Taiping Road, the most important shopping street, and block after
block of the commercial section of the city were destroyed by fire. Soldiers
burned the homes of civilians for no apparent reason. Such burning appeared
to follow a prescribed pattern after a few days and continued for six weeks
. Approximately one-third of the city was thus destroyed.南京最重要的商业街
太平路，以及其他的商业区，都被焚毁。日军士兵还无故烧毁平民的住宅。这些纵火行
为看上去是奉命行事，持续了6个星期。三分之一的南京因此变成废墟。Organized and
wholesale murder of male civilians was conducted with the apparent sanction
of the commanders on the pretense that Chinese soldiers had removed their
uniforms and were mingling with the population. Groups of Chinese civilians
were formed, bound with their hands behind their backs, and marched outside
the walls of the city where they were killed in groups by machine gun fire
and with bayonets. More than 20,000 Chinese men of military age are known to
have died in this fashion.大批男性南京市民，被有组织的和大规模的杀害，这是
日军司令部的指令，借口他们是脱下军装、混入平民的中国士兵。中国平民被分成一组
一组，双手绑在背后，押送到城墙边，然后被机关枪和刺刀成批杀害。大约有20000名
处在服役年龄的中国男性死于这种方式。The German Government was informed by
its representative about "atrocities and criminal acts not of an individual
but of an entire Army, namely, the Japanese," which Army, later in the
Report, was qualified as a "bestial machinery."德国驻中国大使在向德国政府递
交的报告中，写道："暴行和犯罪行为并非单个士兵所为，而是整支军队都参与其中，
也就是说，是所有的日本人。"这支军队在后文中被形容为是一部"兽行机器"。Those
outside the city fared little better than those within. Practically the same
situation existed in all the communities within 200 li (about 66 miles) of
Nanking. The population had fled into the country-side in an attempt to
escape from the Japanese soldiers. In places they had grouped themselves
into fugitive camps. The Japanese captured many of these camps and visited
upon the fugitives treatment similar to that accorded the inhabitants of
Nanking.南京城外中国人的遭遇，跟城里的一样悲惨。实际上，这种状况在南京周围
200里（约66英里）的范围内都存在。城里居民涌向农村，试图躲开日军，有几处自发
形成了难民营。日军搜索到了这些难民营，将难民同城里的居民一样对待。Of the
civilians who had fled Nanking, over 57,000 were overtaken and interned.
These were starved and tortured in captivity until a large number died. Many
of the survivors were killed by machine gun fire and by bayoneting.在那些逃
出南京的平民中，大约有57000人被追上和拘押。这些人中的大部分，最后因为无法忍
受饥饿和折磨而死亡。那些侥幸挺过来的人，则会被用机枪和刺刀杀害。Large
parties of Chinese soldiers laid down their arms and surrendered outside
Nanking; within 72 hours after their surrender, they were killed in groups
by machine gun fire along the bank of the Yangtze River.大批的中国士兵放下武
器，在南京城外投降。在投降的72小时以后，他们被用机关枪在长江边集体杀害。Over
30,000 such prisoners of war were so killed. There was not even a pretence
of trial of these prisoners so massacred.大约有30000名战俘这样被杀。甚至都没
有进行形式上的审判，大屠杀就开始了。Estimates made at a later date indicate
that the total number of civilians and prisoners of war murdered in Nanking
and its vicinity during the first six weeks of the Japanese occupation was
over 200,000. That these estimates are not exaggerated is borne out by the
fact that burial societies and other organizations counted more than 155,000
bodies which they buried. They also reported that most of those were bound
with their hands tied behind their backs. These figures do not take into
account those persons whose bodies were destroyed by burning, or by throwing
them into the Yangtze River, or otherwise disposed of by Japanese.根据事后
的估计，在日军占领南京后的六周内，在南京及其附近地区，被杀害的平民和战俘总数
大约有20万人。这个数字并非出于夸张的想象，而是来自于殡葬行业和其他一些掩埋尸
体的组织提供的事实。他们一共埋葬了超过了15.5万具尸体。他们还报告说，大多数尸
体的双手都被绑在背后。这个数字还没有包括那些被烧毁的尸体、被投入长江的尸体，
以及其他日军自己处置的尸体。Japanese Embassy officials entered the city of
Nanking with the advance elements of the Army; and on 14 December, an
official of the Embassy informed the International Committee for the Nanking
Safety ¸one that the "Army was determined to make it bad for Nanking,
but that Embassy officials were going to try to moderate the action." The
Embassy officials also informed the members of the Committee that at the
time of the occupation of the city, no more than 17 military policemen were
provided by the Army commanders to maintain order within the city. When it
transpired that complaints to the Army officials did not have any result,
those Japanese embassy officials suggested to the foreign missionaries that
the latter should try and get publicity in Japan, so that the Japanese
Government would be forced by public opinion to curb the Army.12月14日，日本
驻中国大使馆的官员跟随军队进入南京。一个大使馆的官员，对国际安全区的外国人说
："陆军决心惩罚南京，但是大使馆正在设法缓和事态。"这个官员还说，在占领期间，
日军会提供最多17名军事警察来维持城市秩序。稍后，国际安全区的外国居民发现，对
日军提出的抗议根本不起作用，日本大使馆的官员又建议这些外国人，直接向日本的媒
体进行曝光，这样日本政府会被迫根据舆论遏制军队的行为。Dr. Bates testified
that the terror was intense for two and one-half to three weeks, and was
serious six to seven weeks following the fall of the city.Bates博士作证，在
南京攻陷后的二至三周内，恐怖行为极其严重，在六至七周内非常严重。Smythe, the
Secretary of the Int. Committee for the Safety Zone, filed two protests a
day for the first six weeks.国际安全区的秘书长Smythe，在头六个星期中，每天都
会提出两份抗议书。MATSUI, who had remained in a rear area until 17 December,
made a triumphal entry into the city on that day, and on 18 December held a
religious service for the dead, after which he issued a statement in the
course of which he said: "I extend much sympathy to millions of innocent
people in the Kiangpei and Chekiang districts, who suffered the evils of war
. Now the flag of the rising sun is floating high over Nanking, and the
Imperial Way is shining in the southern parts of the Yangtze-Kiang. The dawn
of the renaissance of the East is on the verge of offering itself. On this
occasion, I hope for reconsideration of the situation by the 400 million
people of China." MATSUI remained in the city for nearly a week.松井石根一直
留在后方，直到12月17日才以胜利者的姿态进入南京。12月18日，他主持了一个悼念死
者的宗教仪式。随后，他发表了一个声明，他在其中说到："我对江北和江浙一带的几
百万无辜人民，表示极大的同情，他们是战争恶魔的受害者。现在，太阳旗已经飘扬在
南京上方，天皇的光辉照耀在长江以南。东亚复兴的黎明即将来到。在此，我希望4亿
中国人民对形势能够重新认识。"他在南京停留了将近一个星期。MUTO, then a
colonel, had joined MATSUI's staff on 10 November 1937, and was with MATSUI
during the drive on Nanking and participated in the triumphal entry and
occupation of the city. Both he and MATSUI admit that they heard of the
atrocities being committed in the city during their stay at rear
headquarters after the fall of the city. MATSUI admits that he heard that
foreign governments were protesting against the commission of these
atrocities. No effective action was taken to remedy the situation. Evidence
was given before the Tribunal by an eye witness, that while MATSUI was in
Nanking on the 19th of December, the business section of the city was in
flames. On that day, the witness counted fourteen fires in the principal
business street zone. After the entry of MATSUI and MUTO into the city, the
situation did not improve for weeks.日军上校武藤章在1937年11月10月，加入松井
石根的幕僚，稍后跟随松井一起进入南京。他们两人都承认，在南京攻陷后，他们在后
方司令部，都听说了城中发生的暴行。松井承认，他知道外国政府对这些暴行的抗议。
但是，没有采取有效行动去缓和形势。根据目击证人提供的证据，12月19日松井在南京
时，城市的商业区正是火光熊熊。当天，目击者一共报告了主要商业区中发生的14起火
灾。松井和武藤进入南京后，形势连续几个星期没有任何好转。大公报公布的中国政府
的统计：1946年2月17日的上海《大公报》第二版，标题是《南京大屠杀案首期调查工
作结束 惨死同胞约三十万》，原文如下：（1）山本部队集体屠杀二百人；（2）大野
部队任意屠杀三人。（3）中岛部队集体屠杀二十六万三千八百三十三人，任意屠杀三
百六十六人，暗杀一百八十九人，伤害二十人，强奸五人，拒奸致死八人，抢劫勒索三
二人，烧死一百七十八人，强制服役三人。（4）长谷川部队集体屠杀一千六百人，任
意杀害二人，勒索二人，烧死二人。（5）支那派遣军任意杀害三人，勒索二人，烧死
二人。（6）西部部队杀害四人，伤害二人，勒索一人，烧死三人。（7）畑中部队集体
屠杀五百人，暗杀一人，烧死二人。（8）特务机关任意屠杀三人，暗杀一人，烧死二
人。（9）特务机关任意屠杀三人，暗杀一人，烧死一人，（10）金条部队任意屠杀二
人，烧死一人。（11）日空军炸死六人。（12）日海军任意屠杀十人，暗杀二人，烧死
一人，轰炸死五人。（13）横口部队任意屠杀一人。（14）登一六二九部队毙死二人，
强制服役一人。（15）箕浦部队集体屠杀三十八人，伤害一人。（16）山田部队任意屠
杀二人。（17）后藤部队酷刑二人，火毁一人。（18）一六二五部队任意屠杀一人，暗
杀一人，烧死二人。（19）多摩部队有以俘虏作实验材料罪证。（20）大熊部队任意杀
害三人。（21）冢部部队烧死一人。（22）石岗（缺）。[合计]集体屠杀29万4921人，
任意屠杀403人，暗杀203人，酷刑42人。虏役41人，强奸14人，轮奸5人，强奸致死8人
，强盗30人，勒索5人，烧死196人，轰炸死14人，强征服役8人，共29万5890人。敌商
敌儒之各种罪行尚不在内。调查委员会并分函各社团扩大宣传，再鼓励人民赶快举发。 |
