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发帖数: 8422 | 1 CIA 利比亚反叛者们是来自伊拉克的基地武装分子ZT- 到底是谁利用了谁还真难说
来源: 没底 于 2011-10-30
CIA Libya Rebels are Al-Qaeda Fighters From Iraq
Politics / Al-Qeeda Mar 29, 2011 - 07:54 AM
By: Global_Research
Politics
Diamond Rated - Best Financial Markets Analysis ArticleDr. Webster G.
Tarpley writes: “Serpents, thirst, heat, and sand … Libya alone can
present a multitude of woes that it would beseem men to fly from.” Lucan,
Pharsalia
Washington DC, March 24, 2011 — The current military attack on Libya has
been motivated by UN Security Council resolution 1973 with the need to
protect civilians. Statements by President Obama, British Prime Minister
Cameron, French President Sarkozy, and other leaders have stressed the
humanitarian nature of the intervention, which is said to aim at preventing
a massacre of pro-democracy forces and human rights advocates by the Qaddafi
regime.
But at the same time, many commentators have voiced anxiety because of the
mystery which surrounds the anti-Qaddafi transitional government which
emerged at the beginning of March in the city of Benghazi, located in the
Cyrenaica district of north-eastern Libya. This government has already been
recognized by France and Portugal as the sole legitimate representative of
the Libyan people. The rebel council seems to be composed of just over 30
delegates, many of whom are enveloped in obscurity. In addition, the names
of more than a dozen members of the rebel council are being kept secret,
allegedly to protect them from the vengeance of Qaddafi. But there may be
other reasons for the anonymity of these figures. Despite much uncertainty,
the United Nations and its several key NATO countries, including the United
States, have rushed forward to assist the armed forces of this rebel regime
with air strikes, leading to the loss of one or two coalition aircraft and
the prospect of heavier losses to come, especially if there should be an
invasion. It is high time that American and European publics learned
something more about this rebel regime which is supposed to represent a
democratic and humanitarian alternative to Gaddafi.
The rebels are clearly not civilians, but an armed force. What kind of an
armed force?
Since many of the rebel leaders are so difficult to research from afar, and
since a sociological profile of the rebels cannot be done on the ground in
the midst of warfare, perhaps the typical methods of social history can be
called on for help. Is there a way for us to gain deeper insight into the
climate of opinion which prevails in such northeastern Libyan cities as
Benghazi, Tobruk, and Darnah, the main population centers of the rebellion?
Download West Point Study (pdf)
It turns out that there is, in the form of a December 2007 West Point study
examining the background of foreign guerrilla fighters — jihadis or
mujahedin, including suicide bombers — crossing the Syrian border into Iraq
during the 2006-2007 timeframe, under the auspices of the international
terrorist organization Al Qaeda. This study is based on a mass of about 600
Al Qaeda personnel files which were captured by US forces in the fall of
2007, and analyzed at West Point using a methodology which we will discuss
after having presented the main findings. The resulting study1 permits us to
make important findings about the mentality and belief structures of the
northeastern Libyan population that is furnishing the basis for the
rebellion, permitting important conclusions about the political nature of
the anti-Qaddafi revolt in these areas.
Darnah, northeast Libya: World Capital of Jihadis
The most striking finding which emerges from the West Point study is that
the corridor which goes from Benghazi to Tobruk, passing through the city of
Darnah (also transliterated as Derna) them represents one of the greatest
concentrations of jihadi terrorists to be found anywhere in the world, and
by some measures can be regarded as the leading source of suicide bombers
anywhere on the planet. Darnah, with one terrorist fighter sent into Iraq to
kill Americans for every 1,000 to 1,500 persons of population, emerges as
suicide bomber heaven, easily surpassing the closest competitor, which was
Riyad, Saudi Arabia.
According to West Point authors Joseph Felter and Brian Fishman, Saudi
Arabia took first place as regards absolute numbers of jihadis sent to
combat the United States and other coalition members in Iraq during the time
frame in question. Libya, a country less than one fourth as populous, took
second place. Saudi Arabia sent 41% of the fighters. According to Felter and
Fishman, “Libya was the next most common country of origin, with 18.8% (
112) of the fighters listing their nationality stating they hailed from
Libya.” Other much larger countries were far behind: “Syria, Yemen, and
Algeria were the next most common origin countries with 8.2% (49), 8.1% (48)
, and 7.2% (43), respectively. Moroccans accounted for 6.1% (36) of the
records and Jordanians 1.9% (11).”
This means that almost one fifth of the foreign fighters entering Iraq
across the Syrian border came from Libya, a country of just over 6 million
people. A higher proportion of Libyans were interested in fighting in Iraq
than any other country contributing mujahedin. Felter and Fishman point out:
“Almost 19 percent of the fighters in the Sinjar Records came from Libya
alone. Furthermore, Libya contributed far more fighters per capita than any
other nationality in the Sinjar Records, including Saudi Arabia.” (See the
chart from the West Point report, page 9)
But since the Al Qaeda personnel files contain the residence or hometown of
the foreign fighters in question, we can determine that the desire to travel
to Iraq to kill Americans was not evenly distributed across Libya, but was
highly concentrated precisely in those areas around Benghazi which are today
the epicenters of the revolt against Colonel Gaddafi which the US, Britain,
France, and others are so eagerly supporting.
As Daya Gamage of the Asia Tribune comments in a recent article on the West
Point study, “…alarmingly for Western policymakers, most of the fighters
came from eastern Libya, the center of the current uprising against Muammar
el-Qaddafi. The eastern Libyan city of Darnah sent more fighters to Iraq
than any other single city or town, according to the West Point report. It
noted that 52 militants came to Iraq from Darnah, a city of just 80,000
people (the second-largest source of fighters was Riyadh, Saudi Arabia,
which has a population of more than 4 million). Benghazi, the capital of
Libya’s provisional government declared by the anti-Qaddafi rebels, sent in
21 fighters, again a disproportionate number of the whole.”4 Obscure
Darnah edged out metropolitan Riyadh by 52 fighters to 51. Qaddafi’s
stronghold of Tripoli, by contrast, barely shows up in the statistics at all
. (See chart from West Point report, page 12)
What explains this extraordinary concentration of anti-American fighters in
Benghazi and Darnah? The answer seems related to extremist schools of
theology and politics which flourished in these areas. As the West Point
report notes: “Both Darnah and Benghazi have long been associated with
Islamic militancy in Libya.” These areas are in theological and tribal
conflict with the central government of Colonel Gaddafi, in addition to
being politically opposed to him. Whether such a theological conflict is
worth the deaths of still more American and European soldiers is a question
which needs urgently to be answered.
Felter and Fishman remark that “The vast majority of Libyan fighters that
included their hometown in the Sinjar Records resided in the country’s
northeast, particularly the coastal cities of Darnah 60.2% (52) and Benghazi
23.9% (21). Both Darnah and Benghazi have long been associated with Islamic
militancy in Libya, in particular for an uprising by Islamist organizations
in the mid-1990s. The Libyan government blamed the uprising on ‘
infiltrators from the Sudan and Egypt’ and one group—the Libyan Fighting
Group (jama-ah al-libiyah al-muqatilah)—claimed to have Afghan veterans in
its ranks. The Libyan uprisings became extraordinarily violent.”5
Northeastern Libya: Highest Density of Suicide Bombers
Another remarkable feature of the Libyan contribution to the war against US
forces inside Iraq is the marked propensity of the northeastern Libyans to
choose the role of suicide bomber as their preferred method of struggle. As
the West Point study states, “Of the 112 Libyans in the Records, 54.4% (61)
listed their ‘work.’ Fully 85.2% (51) of these Libyan fighters listed “
suicide bomber” as their work in Iraq.”6 This means that the northeastern
Libyans were far more apt to choose the role of suicide bomber than those
from any other country: “Libyan fighters were much more likely than other
nationalities to be listed as suicide bombers (85% for Libyans, 56% for all
others).”7
The anti-Qaddafi Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG) Merges with al Qaeda,
2007
The specific institutional basis for the recruitment of guerrilla fighters
in northeastern Libya is associated with an organization which previously
called itself the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG). During the course of
2007, the LIFG declared itself an official subsidiary of al Qaeda, later
assuming the name of Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb (AQIM). As a result of
this 2007 merger, an increased number of guerrilla fighters arrived in Iraq
from Libya. According to Felter and Fishman, “The apparent surge in Libyan
recruits traveling to Iraq may be linked the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group’
s (LIFG) increasingly cooperative relationship with al-Qaeda, which
culminated in the LIFG officially joining al-Qaeda on November 3, 2007.”8
This merger is confirmed by other sources: A 2008 statement attributed to
Ayman al-Zawahiri claimed that the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group has joined
al-Qaeda.9
Terrorist “Emir” Touts Key Role of Benghazi, Darnah in al Qaeda
The West Point study makes clear that the main bulwarks of the LIFG and of
the later AQIM were the twin cities of Benghazi and Darnah. This is
documented in a statement by Abu Layth al-Libi, the self-styled “Emir” of
the LIFG, who later became a top official of al Qaeda. At the time of the
2007 merger, “Abu Layth al-Libi, LIFG’s Emir, reinforced Benghazi and
Darnah’s importance to Libyan jihadis in his announcement that LIFG had
joined al-Qa’ida, saying: ‘It is with the grace of God that we were
hoisting the banner of jihad against this apostate regime under the
leadership of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group, which sacrificed the elite
of its sons and commanders in combating this regime whose blood was spilled
on the mountains of Darnah, the streets of Benghazi, the outskirts of
Tripoli, the desert of Sabha, and the sands of the beach.’”10
This 2007 merger meant that the Libyan recruits for Al Qaeda became an
increasingly important part of the activity of this organization as a whole,
shifting the center of gravity to some degree away from the Saudis and
Egyptians who had previously been most conspicuous. As Felter and Fishman
comment, “Libyan factions (primarily the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group) are
increasingly important in al-Qa’ida. The Sinjar Records offer some
evidence that Libyans began surging into Iraq in larger numbers beginning in
May 2007. Most of the Libyan recruits came from cities in northeast Libya,
an area long known for jihadi-linked militancy.”11
The December 2007 West Point study concludes by formulating some policy
options for the United States government. One approach, the authors suggest,
would be for the United States to cooperate with existing Arab governments
against the terrorists. As Felter and Fishman write, “The Syrian and Libyan
governments share the United States’ concerns about violent salafi-jihadi
ideology and the violence perpetrated by its adherents. These governments,
like others in the Middle East, fear violence inside their borders and would
much rather radical elements go to Iraq rather than cause unrest at home. U
.S. and Coalition efforts to stem the flow of fighters into Iraq will be
enhanced if they address the entire logistical chain that supports the
movement of these individuals—beginning in their home countries — rather
than just their Syrian entry points. The U.S. may be able to increase
cooperation from governments to stem the flow of fighters into Iraq by
addressing their concerns about domestic jihadi violence.”12 Given the
course of subsequent events, we are on firm ground in concluding that this
option was not the one selected, neither in the closing years of the Bush
administration nor during the first half of the Obama administration.
The West Point study also offers another, more sinister perspective. Felter
and Fishman hint that it might be possible to use the former LIFG components
of Al Qaeda against the government of Colonel Qaddafi in Libya, in essence
creating a de facto alliance between the United States and a segment of the
terrorist organization. The West Point report notes: “The Libyan Islamic
Fighting Group’s unification with al-Qa’ida and its apparent decision to
prioritize providing logistical support to the Islamic State of Iraq is
likely controversial within the organization. It is likely that some LIFG
factions still want to prioritize the fight against the Libyan regime,
rather than the fight in Iraq. It may be possible to exacerbate schisms
within LIFG, and between LIFG’s leaders and al-Qa’ida’s traditional
Egyptian and Saudi power-base.”13 This suggests the US policy we see today,
that of allying with the obscurantist and reactionary al Qaeda fanatics in
Libya against the Nasserist modernizer Qaddafi.
Arming the Rebels: The Experience of Afghanistan
Looking back at the tragic experience of US efforts to incite the population
of Afghanistan against the Soviet occupation in the years after 1979, it
should be clear that the policy of the Reagan White House to arm the Afghan
mujahedin with Stinger missiles and other modern weapons turned out to be
highly destructive for the United States. As current Defense Secretary
Robert Gates comes close to admitting in his memoirs, Al Qaeda was created
during those years by the United States as a form of Arab Legion against the
Soviet presence, with long-term results which have been highly lamented.
Today, it is clear that the United States is providing modern weapons for
the Libyan rebels through Saudi Arabia and across the Egyptian border with
the active assistance of the Egyptian army and of the newly installed pro-US
Egyptian military junta.14 This is a direct violation of UN Security
Council resolution 1973, which calls for a complete arms embargo on Libya.
The assumption is that these weapons will be used against Gaddafi in the
coming weeks. But, given the violently anti-American nature of the
population of northeast Libya that is now being armed, there is no certainty
that these weapons will not be soon turned against those who have provided
them.
A broader problem is represented by the conduct of the future Libyan
government dominated by the current rebel council with its large current
majority of northeastern Islamists, or of a similar government of a future
Cyrenaica rump state. To the extent that such regimes will have access to
oil revenues, obvious problems of international security are posed. Gamage
wonders: “If the rebellion succeeds in toppling the Qaddafi regime it will
have direct access to the tens of billions of dollars that Qaddafi is
believed to have squirreled away in overseas accounts during his four-decade
rule.”15 Given the northeast Libyan mentality, we can imagine what such
revenues might be used for.
What is al Qaeda and Why the CIA Has Used It
Al Qaeda is not a centralized organization, but rather a gaggle or congeries
of fanatics, dupes, psychotics, misfits, double agents, provocateurs,
mercenaries, and other elements. As noted, Al Qaeda was founded by the
United States and the British during the struggle against the Soviets in
Afghanistan. Many of its leaders, such as the reputed second-in-command
Ayman Zawahiri and the current rising star Anwar Awlaki, are evidently
double agents of MI-6 and/or the CIA. The basic belief structure of Al Qaeda
is that all existing Arab and Moslem governments are illegitimate and
should be destroyed, because they do not represent the caliphate which Al
Qaeda asserts is described by the Koran. This means that the Al Qaeda
ideology offers a ready and easy way for the Anglo-American secret
intelligence agencies to attack and destabilize existing Arab and Muslim
governments as part of the ceaseless need of imperialism and colonialism to
loot and attack the developing nations. This is precisely what is happening
in Libya today.
Al Qaeda emerged from the cultural and political milieu of the Moslem
Brotherhood or Ikhwan, itself a creation of British intelligence in Egypt in
the late 1920s. The US and the British used the Egyptian Muslim Brotherhood
to oppose the successful anti-imperialist policies of Egyptian President
Nasser, who scored immense victories for his country by nationalizing the
Suez Canal and building the Aswan High Dam, without which modern Egypt would
be simply unthinkable. The Muslim brotherhood provided an active and
capable fifth column of foreign agents against Nasser, in the same way that
the official website of Al Qaeda in the Islamic Maghreb is trumpeting its
support for the rebellion against Colonel Qaddafi.
I have discussed the nature of Al Qaeda at some length in my recent book
entitled 9/11 Synthetic Terrorism: Made in USA, and that analysis cannot be
repeated here. It is enough to say that we do not need to believe in all the
fantastic mythology which the United States government has spun around the
name of Al Qaeda in order to recognize the basic fact that militants or
patsies who spontaneously join al Qaeda are often sincerely motivated by a
deep hatred of the United States and a burning desire to kill Americans, as
well as Europeans. The Bush administration policy used the alleged presence
of Al Qaeda as a pretext for direct military attacks on Afghanistan and Iraq
. The Obama administration is now doing something different, intervening on
the side of a rebellion in which Al Qaeda and its co-thinkers are heavily
represented while attacking the secular authoritarian government of Colonel
Gaddafi. Both of these policies are bankrupt and must be abandoned.
Rebel Leaders Jalil and Younis, Plus Most of Rebel Council are Members of
the al Qaeda-linked Harabi Tribe
The result of the present inquiry is that the Libyan branch of Al Qaeda
represents a continuum with the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group centered in
Darnah and Benghazi. The ethnic base of the Libyan Islamic fighting group is
apparently to be found in the anti-Qaddafi Harabi tribe, the tribe which
makes up the vast majority of the rebel council including the two dominant
rebel leaders, Abdul Fatah Younis and Mustafa Abdul Jalil. The evidence thus
suggests that the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group, the elite of the Harabi
tribe, and the rebel council supported by Obama all overlap for all
practical purposes. As the late Foreign Minister of Guyana Fred Wills, a
real fighter against imperialism and neo-colonialism, taught me many years
ago, political formations in developing countries (and not just there) are
often a mask for ethnic and religious rivalries; so it is in Libya. The
rebellion against Qaddafi is a toxic brew compounded of fanatical hatred of
Qaddafi, Islamism, tribalism, and localism. From this point of view, Obama
has foolishly chosen to take sides in a tribal war.
When Hillary Clinton went to Paris to be introduced to the Libyan rebels by
French President Sarkozy, she met the US-educated Libyan opposition leader
Mahmoud Jibril, already known to readers of Wikileaks document dumps as a
favorite of the US.16
While Jibril might be considered presentable in Paris, the real leaders of
the Libyan insurrection would appear to be Jalil and Younis, both former
ministers under Qaddafi. Jalil seems to be the primus inter pares, at least
for the moment: “Mustafa Abdul Jalil or Abdul-Jalil (Arabic: مص
طفى عبد الجل&#
1610;ل, also transcribed Abdul-Jelil, Abd-al-Jalil, Abdel-Jalil or
Abdeljalil; and frequently but erroneously as Abud Al Jeleil) (born 1952) is
a Libyan politician. He was the Minister of Justice (unofficially, the
Secretary of the General People’s Committee) under Colonel Muammar al-
Gaddafi…. Abdul Jalil has been identified as the Chairman of the National
Transitional Council based in Benghazi… although this position is contested
by others in the uprising due to his past connections to Gaddafi’s regime.
”17
As for Younis, he has been closely associated with Qaddafi since the 1968-9
seizure of power: “Abdul Fatah Younis (Arabic: عبد ا
;لفتاح يونس) is a
senior military officer in Libya. He held the rank of General and the post
of Minister of Interior, but resigned on 22 February 2011….”18
What should concern us most is that both Jalil and Younis come from the
Haribi tribe, the dominant one in northeast Libya, and the one that overlaps
with al Qaeda. According to Stratfor, the “…Harabi tribe is a
historically powerful umbrella tribe in eastern Libya that saw their
influence wane under Col. Gadhafi. The Libyan leader confiscated swaths of
tribal members’ land and redistributed it to weaker and more loyal tribes…
. Many of the leaders now emerging in eastern Libya hail from the Harabi
tribe, including the head of the provisional government set up in Benghazi,
Abdel Mustafa Jalil, and Abdel Fatah Younis, who assumed a key leadership
role over the defected military ranks early in the uprising.”19 This is
like a presidential ticket where both candidates are from the same state,
except that Libya’s ferocious tribal rivalries make the problem infinitely
worse.
The Rebel Council: Half the Names Are Kept Secret; Why?
This picture of a narrow, sectarian tribal and regional base does not
improve when we look at the rebel council as a whole. According to one
recent version, the rebel council is “chaired by the well-spoken former
justice minister for Libya, Mustafa Abdul Jalil, [and] consists of 31
members, ostensibly representatives from across Libya, of whom many cannot
be named for “security reasons”…. “The key players on the council, at
least those who we know about, all hail from the north-eastern Harabi
confederation of tribes. These tribes have strong affiliations with Benghazi
that date back to before the 1969 revolution which brought Gaddafi to power
.”20 Other accounts agree about the number of representatives: “The
council has 31 members; the identities of several members has not been made
public to protect their own safety.”21 Given what we know about the
extraordinary density of LIFG and all Qaeda fanatics in northeast Libya, we
are authorized to wonder as to whether so many members of the council are
being kept secret in order to protect them from Qaddafi, or whether the goal
is to prevent them from being recognized in the west as al Qaeda terrorists
or sympathizers. The latter seems to be a more accurate summary of the real
state of affairs.
Names released so far include: Mustafa Abduljaleel; Ashour Hamed Bourashed
of Darna city; Othman Suleiman El-Megyrahi of the Batnan area; Al Butnan of
the Egypt border and Tobruk; Ahmed Abduraba Al-Abaar of Benghazi city; Fathi
Mohamed Baja of Benghazi city; Abdelhafed Abdelkader Ghoga of Benghazi city
; Mr. Omar El-Hariri for Military Affairs; and Dr. Mahmoud Jibril, Ibrahim
El-Werfali and Dr. Ali Aziz Al-Eisawi for foreign affairs.22
The State Department needs to interrogate these figures, starting perhaps
with Ashour Hamed Bourashed, the delegate from the terrorist and suicide
bomber stronghold of Darnah.
How Many al Qaeda Members, Veterans, or Sympathizers are on the Rebel
Council?
Seeing as clearly as we can in the fog of war, it looks like slightly more
than a dozen of the members of the rebel council have had their names
officially published — in any case, not more than half of the reported 31
members. The US and European media have not taken the lead in identifying
for us the names that are now known, and they above all have not called
attention to the majority of the rebel council who are still lurking in the
shadows of total secrecy. We must therefore demand to know how many LIFG and
/or al Qaeda members, veterans, or sympathizers currently hold seats on the
rebel council.
We are thus witnessing an attempt by the Harabi tribe to seize dominance
over the 140 tribes of Libya. The Harabi are already practically hegemonic
among the tribes of Cyrenaica. At the center of the Harabi Confederation is
the Obeidat tribe, which is divided into 15 sub-tribes.23 All of this might
be of purely academic ethnographic interest, were it not for the fact of the
striking overlap between the Harabi tribe and the LIFG and al Qaeda.
The Senussi Movement of Libya — Monarchist Democracy?
The political-religious tradition of northeast Libya makes this area such
fertile ground for the more extreme Muslim sects and also predisposes it to
monarchism rather than to the more modern forms of government favored by
Qaddafi. The relevant regional tradition is that of the Senussi or Sanussi
order, an anti-western Moslem sect. In Libya the Senussi order is closely
associated with monarchism, since King Idris I, the ruler installed by the
British in 1951 who was overthrown by Gaddafi in 1969, was also the leader
of the Senussi order. The Senussi directed the rebellion against Italian
colonialism in the person of Marshal Rodolfo Graziani and his army in the
1930s. Today, the rebels use the monarchist flag, and may advocate the
return to the throne of one of the two pretenders to the Idris line. They
are far closer to monarchism than to democracy
King Idris, Revered by the Libyan Rebels of Today
Here is the Stratfor view of King Idris and the Senussi: “King Idris came
from a line of rulers of the Sanussi order, a Sufi religious order founded
in 1842 in Al Bayda, that practices a conservative and austere form of Islam
. The Sanussiyah represented a political force in Cyrenaica that preceded
the creation of the modern state of Libya, and whose reverberations continue
to be felt to this day. It is no coincidence that this region is the home
of Libyan jihadism, with groups like the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group (LIFG
). The Gadhafi family has thus been calling the current uprising an
elaborate Islamist plot….”24 Under the monarchy, Libya was by some
estimates absolutely the poorest country in the world. Today, Libya ranks 53
on the UN Human Development Index and qualifies as the most developed
country in Africa, ahead of Russia, Brazil, Ukraine, and Venezuela. Qaddafi
’s stewardship has objective merits which cannot be seriously denied.
Glen Ford’s Black Agenda Report has correctly sought to show the racist and
reactionary character of the Libyan insurrection. The tribes of southern
Libya, known as the Fezzan, are dark skinned. The tribal underpinning of the
Gaddafi regime has been an alliance of the tribes of the West, the center,
and the southern Fezzan, against the Harabi and the Obeidat, who identify
with the former monarchist ruling class. The Harabi and Obeidat are known to
nurture a deep racist hatred against the Fezzan. This was expressed in
frequent news reports from the pro-imperialist media at the beginning of the
rebellion evidently inspired by Harabi accounts, according to which black
people in Libya had to be treated as mercenaries working for Gaddafi — with
the clear implication that they were to be exterminated. These racist
inventions are still being repeated by quackademics like Dean Slaughter of
the Woodrow Wilson School at Princeton. And in fact, large numbers of black
Africans from Chad and other countries working in Libyan have been
systematically lynched and massacred by the anti-Gaddafi forces. The Obama
White House, for all its empty talk of not wanting to repeat the massacre in
Rwanda, has conveniently ignored this shocking story of real genocide at
the hands of its new racist friends in Cyrenaica.
Against the obscurantism of the Senussi, Qaddafi has advanced the Moslem
equivalent of the priesthood of all believers, arguing that no caliphate is
necessary in order to discover the meaning of the Koran. He has supplemented
this with a pan African perspective. Gerald A. Perreira of the Black Agenda
Report writes the following about the theological division between Gaddafi
and the neo-Senussi of northeast Libya, as well as other obscuranitsts: “Al
Qaeda is in the Sahara on his borders and the International Union of Muslim
Scholars is calling for [Qaddafi] to be tried in a court…. [Qaddafi] has
questioned the Islam of the Muslim Brotherhood and Al Qaeda from a Quranic/
theological perspective and is one of the few political leaders equipped to
do so…. Benghazi has always been at the heart of counter-revolution in
Libya, fostering reactionary Islamic movements such as the Wahhabis and
Salafists. It is these people who founded the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group
based in Benghazi which allies itself with Al Qaeda and who have, over the
years, been responsible for the assassination of leading members of the
Libyan revolutionary committees.”25 And what would be for example the
status of women under the neo-Senussi of the Benghazi rebel council?
Al Qaeda from Demon to US ally in Libya
For those who attempt to follow the ins and outs of the CIA’s management of
its various patsy organizations inside the realm of presumed Islamic
terrorism, it may be useful to trace the transformation of the LIFG-AQIM
from deadly enemy to close ally. This phenomenon is closely linked to the
general reversal of the ideological fronts of US imperialism that marks the
divide between the Bush-Cheney-neocon administrations and the current Obama-
Brzezinski-International Crisis Group regime. The Bush approach was to use
the alleged presence of Al Qaeda as a reason for direct military attack. The
Obama method is to use Al Qaeda to overthrow independent governments, and
then either Balkanize and partition the countries in question, or else use
them as kamikaze puppets against larger enemies like Russia, China, or Iran.
This approach implies a more or less open fraternization with terrorist
groups, which was signaled in a general way in Obamas famous Cairo speech of
2009. The links of the Obama campaign to the terrorist organizations
deployed by the CIA against Russia were already a matter of public record
three years ago.26
But such a reversal of field cannot be improvised overnight; it took several
years of preparation. On July 10, 2009, The London Daily Telegraph reported
that the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group had split with Al Qaeda. This was
when the United States had decided to de-emphasize the Iraq war, and also to
prepare to use the Sunni Moslem Brotherhood and its Sunni Al Qaeda offshoot
for the destabilization of the leading Arab states preparatory to turning
them against Shiite Iran. Paul Cruikshank wrote at that time in the New York
Daily News about one top LIFG honcho who wanted to dial back the relation
to al Qaeda and the infamous Osama Bin Laden; this was “Noman Benotman, a
former leader of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group. While mainstream Muslim
leaders have long criticized Al Qaeda, these critics have the jihadist
credentials to make their criticisms bite.”27 But by this time some LIFG
bosses had moved up into al Qaeda: the London Daily Telegraph reported that
senior Al Qaeda members Abu Yahya al-Libi and Abu Laith al-Libi were LIFG
members. Around this time, Qaddafi released some LIFG fighters in an ill-
advsided humanitarian gesture.
Northeast Libyan Jihadis Killing US, NATO Forces in Afghanistan Right Now
One of the fatal contradictions in the current State Department and CIA
policy is that it aims at a cordial alliance with Al Qaeda killers in
northeast Libya, at the very moment when the United States and NATO are
mercilessly bombing the civilian northwest Pakistan in the name of a total
war against Al Qaeda, and US and NATO forces are being killed by Al Qaeda
guerrillas in that same Afghanistan-Pakistan theater of war. The force of
this glaring contradiction causes the entire edifice of US war propaganda to
collapse. The US has long since lost any basis in morality for military
force.
In fact, terrorist fighters from northeast Libya may be killing US and NATO
troops in Afghanistan right now, even as the US and NATO protect their home
base from the Qaddafi government. According to this account, a top Al Qaeda
commander in northwest Pakistan was killed by US action as recently as
October 2010: “A senior al Qaeda leader who serves as al Qaeda’s
ambassador to Iran, and is wanted by the US, is reported to have been killed
in a Predator air strike in Pakistan’s Taliban-controlled tribal agency of
North Waziristan two days ago…. [This was] Atiyah Abd al Rahman, a Libyan
national who has been based in Iran and served as Osama bin Laden’s
ambassador to the mullahs. Unconfirmed press reports indicate that Rahman
was killed in an airstrike….”28 The US State Department’s Rewards for
Justice page for Atiyah Abd al Rahman notes that he was al Qaeda’s “
emissary in Iran as appointed by Osama bin Ladin.” Atiyah “recruited and
facilitated talks with other Islamic groups to operate under” al Qaeda and
was “also a member of the Libyan Islamic Fighting Group and Ansar al Sunna.
”29 Rahman was ranked high enough in al Qaeda to be able to give orders to
Abu Musab al-Zarqawi, the head of al Qeada in Iraq, in 2005.
Also killed in Pakistan was another apparent northeast Libyan going by the
name of Khalid al Harabi, whose choice of a nom de guerre may well link him
to the jihadi farm among the Harabi tribe in Cyrenaica. According to one
account, “Khalid al Harabi is an alias for Khalid Habib, al Qaeda’s former
military commander who was killed in a US Predator strike in October 2008.
”30
The Scenario Uncovered by the 1995 Shayler Affair is Operative Today
In 1995, David Shayler, an official of the British counterintelligence
organization MI-5, became aware that his counterpart at the British foreign
espionage organization MI-6 had paid the sum of £100,000 to an Al Qaeda
affiliate in exchange for the attempt to assassinate Qaddafi. The
assassination attempt did occur, and killed several innocent bystanders, but
failed to eliminate the Libyan ruler. As Shayler understood the MI-6
scenario, it included the liquidation of Gaddafi, followed by the descent of
Libya into chaos and tribal warfare, with a possible option for a direct
seizure of power by al Qaeda itself. This situation would then provide a
pretext for Britain, probably but not necessarily acting together with the
United States or other countries, to invade Libya and seize control of the
oil fields, probably establishing a permanent protectorate over the oil
regions, the pipelines, and the coast.31 This remains the goal today.
Timed to coincide with the attempt to assassinate Qaddafi, MI-6 and other
Western secret intelligence agencies fomented a considerable insurrection in
northeast Libya, almost precisely in the same areas which are in rebellion
today. Its insurrection was successfully crushed by Qaddafi’s forces by the
end of 1996. The events of 2011 are simply a reprise of the imperialist
attack on Libya 15 years ago, with the addition of outside intervention..
The War Against the Nation State
Today’s attack on Libya comes in the context of a broad attack on the
institution of the sovereign nation state itself, as it has existed since
the Treaty of Westphalia in 1648. The United States and the British are
deeply concerned by the large number of nations which are seeking to escape
from Anglo-American hegemony by actively pursuing large-scale cooperation
with Russia on security, with China on economic questions, and with Iran for
geopolitical considerations. The CIA/MI-6 response has been a wild orgy of
destabilizations, people power coups, color revolutions, and palace putsches
, signaled by the document dumps by the CIA limited hangout operation known
as Wikileaks, which has targeted names of the CIA hit mist from Ben Ali to
Qaddafi. The Obama strategy would have preferred an exclusive reliance and
the illusion that the Arab Spring was really a matter of youthful visionary
idealists gathering in the public square to praise democracy, the rule of
law, and human rights. This was never the reality: the actual decisions were
being made by brutal cliques of generals and top officials bribed or
blackmailed by the CIA who were moving behind the scenes to oust such
figures as Ben Ali or Mubarak. Whatever else Qaddafi has done, he has
undoubtedly forced the CIA and NATO to drop the pleasant mask of youthful
idealism and human rights, revealing a hideous visage of Predator drones,
terror bombing, widespread slaughter, and colonialist arrogance underneath.
Qaddafi has also ripped the mask of “Yes We Can” off Obama, revealing a
cynical warmonger intent on the continuation of Bush’s infamous “Dead or
Alive” and “Bring it on” policies, although by other means.
A Distant Mirror for Imperialists in Libya: Lucan’s Pharsalia
Modern imperialists eager to rush into Libya should ponder Lucan’s
Pharsalia, which treats of warfare in the Libyan desert during the contest
between Julius Caesar and Pompey the Great at the end of the Roman Republic.
A critical passage in this Latin epic is the speech by Cato of Utica, a
follower of Pompey, who urges his soldiers to undertake a suicide mission
into Libya, saying: “Serpents, thirst, heat, and sand … Libya alone can
present a multitude of woes that it would beseem men to fly from.” Cato
goes forward, and finds “a little tomb to enclose [his] hallowed name,
Libya secured the death of Cato….”32
Let us not imitate this folly.
Investigative leads from the West Point Study: An Appeal to Scholars
The West Point study, as noted, was conducted on the basis of almost 700 Al
Qaeda personnel files captured by coalition forces in Iraq.33 The authors of
the study have promised to keep available online the documentary basis of
this investigation, both in the form of the raw Arabic language al Qaeda
personnel files34, and also of the same file cards in English translation.35
Assuming that this material remains available, it might be possible for
researchers and reporters, and especially those with capabilities in Arabic
not possessed by the present writer, to investigate the Libyan fighters who
went into Iraq with a view to determining whether any of them are family
members, neighbors, or even political associates of the known members of the
Benghazi rebel council or of other anti-Qaddafi forces. Such a procedure
could contribute to allowing the European and American public as well as
others around the world to better understand the nature of the military
adventure currently unfolding in Libya by gaining a more specific knowledge
of who the Libyan rebels :
Notes
1 Joseph Felter and Brian Fishman, “Al Qa’ida’s Foreign Fighter in Iraq:
A First Look at the Sinjar Records,” (West Point, NY: Harmony Project,
Combating Terrorism Center, Department of Social Sciences, US Military
Academy, December 2007). Cited as West Point Study.
2 Joseph Felter and Brian Fishman, “Al Qa’ida’s Foreign Fighter in Iraq:
A First Look at the Sinjar Records,” (West Point, NY: Harmony Project,
Combating Terrorism Center, Department of Social Sciences, US Military
Academy, December 2007). Cited as West Point Study.
3 West Point Study, pp. 8-9.
4 Daya Gamage, “Libyan rebellion has radical Islamist fervor: Benghazi link
to Islamic militancy, U.S. Military Document Reveals,” Asian Tribune,
March 17, 2011, at http://www.asiantribune.com/news/2011/03/17/libyan-rebellion-has-radical-islamist-fervor-benghazi-link-islamic-militancyus-milit
5 West Point Study, p. 12.
6 West Point Study, p. 19.
7 West Point Study, p. 27.
8 West Point Study, p. 9.
9 http://english.aljazeera.net/news/africa/2008/04/200861502740131239.html; http://www.adnkronos.com/AKI/English/Security/?id=1.0.2055009989;
10 West Point Study, p. 12.
11 West Point Study, p. 27.
12 West Point Study, p. 29.
13 West Point Study, p. 28.
14 See “Egypt Said to Arm Libya Rebels, Wall Street Journal, March 17, 2011
, at http://online.wsj.com/article/SB10001424052748704360404576206992835270906.html; see also Robert Fisk, “America’s secret plan to arm Libya’s rebels,” Independent, Mach 7, 2011, at http://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/middle-east/americas-secret-plan-to-arm-libyas-rebels-2234227.html
15 Gamage.
16 http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-africa-12741414
17 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul_Jalil
18 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mustafa_Abdul_Jalil
19 Stratfor, “Libya’s Tribal Dyanmics, February 25, 2011, available at http://redstomp.org/forums/showthread.php?1109-Libya-s-Tribal-Dyanmics
20 Venetia Rainey, “Who are the rebels we are fighting to protect,” The
First Post, http://www.thefirstpost.co.uk/76660,news-comment,news-politics,who-are-the-rebels-we-are-fighting-to-protect#ixzz1HMRIrUP9
21 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Transitional_Council
22 Statement by “Transition National Council,” Benghazi, March 5, 2011 at http://www.libyanmission-un.org/tnc.pdf; http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/National_Transitional_Council
23 Massimo Introvigne, “L’occidente alla guerra delle tribù,” La Bussola
quotidiana, March 22, 2011, at http://www.cesnur.org/2011/mi-rivolte-05.html
24 Stratfor, “Libya’s Tribal Dyanmics, February 25, 2011, available at http://redstomp.org/forums/showthread.php?1109-Libya-s-Tribal-Dyanmics
25 Gerald A. Perreira, “Libya, Getting it Right: A Revolutionary Pan-
African Perspective,” Black Agenda Report, March 2, 2011, at http://blackagendareport.com/content/libya-getting-it-right-revolutionary-pan-african-perspective
26 Webster G. Tarpley, “Obama Campaign Linked To Chechen Terrorism: Grant
Of Taxpayer-Funded U.S. Asylum For Chechen Terror Envoy Gave Obama Foreign
Policy Guru Zbigniew Brzezinski ‘One Of The Happiest Days Of My Life,’”
February 2, 2008, Obama the Postmodern Coup: The Making of a Manchurian
Candidate (Joshua Treet CA: Progressive Press, April 2008), pp. 97-115,
online at http://tarpley.net/2008/02/03/obama-campaign-linked-to-chechen-terrorism/
27 Paul Cruikshank, “How Muslim extremists are turning on Osama Bin Laden,
” New York Daily News, June 8, 2008, at http://www.webcitation.org/query?url=http%3A%2F%2Fwww.nydailynews.com%2Fopinions%2F2008%2F06%2F08%2F2008-06-08_how_muslim_extremists_are_turning_on_osa.html&date=2009-08-05. Cruickshank is a fellow at the NYU Center on Law and Security and the co-author, with Peter Bergen, of the … cover story in the New Republic, “The Jihadist Revolt against Bin Laden.”
28 http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2010/10/al_qaeda_leader_link.php
29 http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2010/10/al_qaeda_leader_link.php#ixzz1HNoUTmn5
30 http://www.longwarjournal.org/archives/2010/10/al_qaeda_leader_link.php#ixzz1HNmzsjat
31 See Machon, Annie (2005). Spies, Lies & Whistleblowers. MI5, MI6 and the
Shayler Affair. Lewes, East Sussex: The Book Guild Ltd. 185776952X;
Hollingsworth, Mark; Nick Fielding (1999). Defending the Realm: MI5 and the
Shayler Affair. Andre Deutsch Ltd. ISBN 0233996672; see also Guardian, April
10, 2000 http://www.guardian.co.uk/uk/2000/apr/10/davidshayler.richardnortontaylor
32 Lucan, Pharsalia, Book IX, trans Riley (London: Bell, 1903), p. 355.
33 http://www.ctc.usma.edu/harmony/pdf/CTCForeignFighter.19.Dec07.pdf
34 http://www.ctc.usma.edu/harmony/Foreign_Fighter_Bios-Orig.pdf
35 http://www.ctc.usma.edu/harmony/FF-Bios-Trans.pdf
http://tarpley.net/
Global Research Articles by Webster G. Tarpley | s*******d
发帖数: 3991 | | v****0
发帖数: 1887 | 3 ^_^ 其实是MD觉得反叛者还不够听话
所以拿个帽子一扣 断绝关系
^_^ 接着选伪军
【在 s*******d 的大作中提到】
: 如果真这样的话，美国早就帮卡扎非打北约了
| m*****u
发帖数: 15526 | 4 老卡开始就嚷嚷反叛军中有基地势力。
【在 s*******d 的大作中提到】
: 如果真这样的话，美国早就帮卡扎非打北约了
| b**z
发帖数: 929 | 5 这还不简单：推翻老卡的时候是民主斗士；用完了如果不听话就是基地恐怖分子，就可
以名正言顺的干涉。
【在 v**e 的大作中提到】
: CIA 利比亚反叛者们是来自伊拉克的基地武装分子ZT- 到底是谁利用了谁还真难说
: 来源: 没底 于 2011-10-30
: CIA Libya Rebels are Al-Qaeda Fighters From Iraq
: Politics / Al-Qeeda Mar 29, 2011 - 07:54 AM
: By: Global_Research
: Politics
: Diamond Rated - Best Financial Markets Analysis ArticleDr. Webster G.
: Tarpley writes: “Serpents, thirst, heat, and sand … Libya alone can
: present a multitude of woes that it would beseem men to fly from.” Lucan,
: Pharsalia
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