az
发帖数: 16686 | 1 FYI
【 以下文字转载自 Reunion 讨论区 】
发信人: SETI (天青如水，飞龙在天), 信区: Reunion
标 题: B-2延期申请被拒后非法居留天数的计算
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Dec 4 19:26:40 2011, 美东)
似乎版上很多人对这个都不是很清楚，包括一些老警察。我这里来做一个详细的解释吧
。下文所有引用均来自于移民局的官方资料。
移民法中对3年和10年bar的规定在212(9)(B)(i)：
(i) In general. - Any alien (other than an alien lawfully admitted for
permanent residence) who -
(I) was unlawfully present in the United States for a period of more than
180 days but less than 1 year, voluntarily departed the United States (
whether or not pursuant to section 244(e) ) prior to the commencement of
proceedings under section 235(b)(1) or section 240, and again seeks
admission within 3 years of the date of such alien's departure or removal,
or
(II) has been unlawfully present in the United States for one year or more,
and who again seeks admission within 10 years of the date of such alien's
departure or removal from the United States, is inadmissible.
那么什么情况算unlawfully present（非法居留）呢，212(9)(B)(ii)下了定义：
(ii) Construction of unlawful presence. - For purposes of this paragraph, an
alien is deemed to be unlawfully present in the United States if the alien
is present in the United States after the expiration of the period of stay
authorized by the Attorney General or is present in the United States
without being admitted or paroled.
但是移民法也规定了例外的情况，212(9)(B)(iv)专门针对EOS/COS：
(iv) Tolling for good cause. - In the case of an alien who -
(I) has been lawfully admitted or paroled into the United States,
(II) has filed a nonfrivolous application for a change or extension of
status before the date of expiration of the period of stay authorized by the
Attorney General, and
(III) has not been employed without authorization in the United States
before or during the pendency of such application, the calculation of the
period of time specified in clause (i)(I) shall be tolled during the
pendency of such application, but not to exceed 120 days.
也就是说，移民法本身就给了EOS/COS申请人在I-94过期后120天的合法居留时间。
由于backlog严重，很多EOS/COS申请移民局无法在120天内作出决定，为了避免EOS/COS
申请人在无过错的情况下累积非法居留的天数，移民局在2000年3月3日发布的Pearson
memo中做了新的规定：
(4) Requirements for Period of Stay Authorized by the Attorney General with
Respect to Pending Change of Status and Extension Applications.
(A) The application for change of status or for extension of stay was filed
timely. To be considered timely, the application must have been filed before
the previously authorized stay expired, as provided under 8 CFR 214.1 (c)(4
) and 8 CFR 248.1 (b).
(B) The alien did not work without authorization before the application for
change of status or extension of stay was filed or while it was pending; and
(C) The change of status or extension application has been pending with the
Service for more than 120 days after the date the I-94 expired.
这个memo实际上取消了移民法中规定的120天上限，换言之，只要EOS/COS申请是
pending状态，申请人在美国可以无限期合法居留。
这个memo制造了一个loophole：EOS/COS申请人可以在前一个EOS/COS申请pending期间
递交一个新的EOS/COS申请，从而可以无限期地在美国合法居留下去。于是移民局在
2003年4月2日发布了一个新的memo，堵上了这个漏洞：
1. Where an alien files a timely EOS or COS application and that application
is ultimately denied, the alien can begin to accrue unlawful presence
beyond the date of the denial regardless of whether the alien filed
additional, but untimely, requests for EOS or COS that are awaiting
adjudication.
2. An EOS or COS application must be filed within the period during which
the alien is in an "authorized status", i.e., within an authorized period of
admission as contemplated by parts 214.1 and 248.1. The period during which
a timely filed EOS or COS application is pending continues the alien's
period of authorized stay in the United States (allowing the alien to avoid
accruing unlawful presence), but does not extend the alien's period of "
authorized status."
这里1.是说，要在EOS/COS申请pending期间不累积非法居留的天数，申请必须是timely
filed。2.规定EOS/COS申请必须是在一个合法身份期间递交才算是timely filed，I-94
过期后pending的EOS/COS申请只能延长申请人合法居留的时间，不能延长合法身份的时
间。
到这里就很清楚了，只要EOS/COS申请是在I-94有效期结束前递交的，那么在申请
pending期间不累积非法居留天数，直到移民局对申请作出决定为止。如果申请被拒绝
，非法居留的天数从申请被拒的那天开始计算（不是I-94过期的那天，也不是收到被拒
申请的那天）。这个规定适用于所有非移民身份，不只是B-1/B-2。 | f**********r
发帖数: 816 | |
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