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U********n
发帖数: 1010 | 1 现在日本的情况，核能被关掉了，
接下来会发生什么：
1）其他电能公司，会满载营运？
2）某些高能耗的公司，被暂时停止生产？
还有什么？
电能公司：
http://www.fepc.or.jp/english/library/electricity_eview_japan/_
Hydroelectric Power
Hydroelectric power is one of the few self-sufficient energy resources in
resource-poor Japan. Hydroelectric power is an excellent source in terms of
stable supply and generation cost over the long term. Hydroelectric power
saw a rebirth in development following the oil crises of the 1970s. Although
steady development of hydroelectric power plants is desired, Japan has used
nearly all available sites for the construction of large-scale
hydroelectric facilities, and so recent developments have been on a smaller
scale.
Okumino Hydroelectric Power Plant (Pumped-storage)
As the gap in demand between daytime and nighttime continues to grow,
electric power companies are also developing pumped-storage power generation
plants to meet peak demand. The share of pumped-storage generation
facilities of the total hydroelectric power capacity in Japan is growing
year by year.
Arimine Daiichi Hydroelectric Power Plant
Thermal Power
Initially, coal was the dominant fuel for thermal power generation in Japan,
but it later lost that place to oil. Today, a diverse range of fuels
including coal, oil, and LNG are used for the important generating role that
thermal power plants play. In particular, in response to global
environmental concerns, electric power companies are promoting the
introduction of LNG fired plants, as they emit less CO2 and other pollutants.
Noshiro Thermal Power Plant (Coal-fired)
To enhance thermal efficiency further, combined-cycle generating plants with
both gas and steam turbines have been installed. As a result, gross thermal
efficiency (maximum designed value) has exceeded 50%. In the future, we
will continue to research and develop new technologies in order to increase
thermal efficiency as well as the use of integrated coal gasification
combined cycle (IGCC) power generation.
Nanko Thermal Power Plant (LNG-fired)
Nuclear Power
Japan's first commercial nuclear power plant started operation in Ibaraki
Prefecture in 1966. As of the end of December 2009, Japan has fifty-four
reactors operating around the country, usually accounting for around one-
third of the country's total electric power output. By fiscal 2018, the
nuclear output share is expected to reach 40 percent. Currently, there are
three plants under construction, as well as another ten that are in the
advanced planning stages.
Shimane Nuclear Power Plant ( Unit No.3, ABWR, Under Construction)
While placing the highest priority on nuclear safety and public trust,
Japanese electric power companies will continue to develop nuclear power
generation as a base-load power source that plays an important role in Japan
's electric power supply in order to secure a steady supply of electricity
and address global environmental issues.
Genkai Nuclear Power Plant (PWR)
Nuclear power makes a great contribution to energy security for resource-
poor Japan by reducing the energy-equivalent of approximately 440 million
barrels of oil per year, which corresponds to about 20 percent of total
annual crude imports. In addition, nuclear power generation does not emit
carbon dioxide (CO2), thus mitigating growing concerns about global warming.
In FY2009, nuclear power generation had the net effect of reducing Japan's
total CO2 emissions by about 15%. For these reasons, nuclear power is
expected to play a major role as a central power source in the years to come.
Advancement of MOX Fuel Use in Thermal Reactors
In May 2009, three electric utility companies—Kyushu Electric Power
Company (EPCo.); Shikoku EPCo.; and Chubu EPCo.—safely completed transport
of MOX fuel from France. Of these three companies, Kyushu EPCo. completed
the loading of MOX fuel into its Unit 3 reactor at the Genkai Power Station
in October 2009 during a planned off-line inspection. As the Genkai-3
resumed commercial operation in December 2009, it marked the commencement of
commercial use of MOX fuel in thermal reactors in Japan.
In March 2010, Shikoku EPCo’s Ikata-3 reactor also began incorporating MOX
fuel for commercial operation, thus becoming the second precedent for other
power companies to follow.
World's First Full-MOX Nuclear Power Plant
On April 23, 2008, METI permitted Electric Power Development Co. Ltd. (EPDC
) to construct the Ohma Nuclear Power Plant (ABWR, 1383MW) in the town of
Ohma in Aomori Prefecture. This marks the first construction of a nuclear
power plant at a new site in Japan in a decade. Ohma Nuclear Power Plant is
the world’s first full-MOX nuclear power plant; it is designed to use MOX
fuel in the entire core, thus playing a pivotal role in enhancing the
flexibility of Japan's MOX fuel utilization program. EPDC plans to start
operations in November 2014. |
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