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发帖数: 1037 | 1 FACT SHEET: Resolution 2375 (2017) Strengthening Sanctions on North Korea
September 11, 2017
https://usun.state.gov/remarks/7969
FOR IMMEDIATE RELEASE
Resolution 2375 (2017), adopted unanimously by the United Nations Security
Council on September 11, 2017, strengthens UN sanctions on North Korea in
response to the North Korea nuclear test conducted on September 2, 2017. As
such, this resolution sends a very clear message to North Korea that the
Security Council is united in condemning North Korea’s violations and
demanding North Korea give up its prohibited nuclear and ballistic missile
programs.
Resolution 2375 (2017) includes the strongest sanctions ever imposed on
North Korea. These measures target North Korea’s last remaining major
exports by fully banning the export of textiles (nearly $800 million each
year) and preventing overseas workers from earning wages that finance the
North Korean regime (over $500 million each year), reduces about 30% of oil
provided to North Korea by cutting off over 55% of refined petroleum
products going to North Korea, and fully bans all joint ventures with North
Korea to cut off foreign investments, technology transfers, and other
economic cooperation with North Korea. The resolution also includes strong
maritime provisions enabling countries to counter North Korean smuggling
activities of prohibited exports by sea.
Resolution 2375 (2017) includes the following key elements:
Oil/Petroleum
This resolution reduces about 30% of oil provided to North Korea by cutting
off over 55% of refined petroleum products going to North Korea.
It will achieve this through imposing an annual cap of 2 million barrels per
year of all refined petroleum products (gasoline, diesel, heavy fuel oil,
etc.)
North Korea currently receives a total of about 8.5 million barrels of oil/
petroleum: 4.5 million in refined form and 4 million in crude form.
The resolution freezes the current amount of crude oil provided to North
Korea by banning countries from providing additional crude oil beyond what
China provides through the Dandong-Sinuiju pipeline.
The resolution also bans the supply to North Korea of all natural gas and
condensates -- this will prevent North Korea from obtaining substitutes for
refined petroleum products.
Textiles
The resolution bans all North Korean textile exports.
Textile exports – North Korea’s largest economic sector that the Security
Council had not previously restricted – earned North Korea an average of $
760 million in the past three years.
Combined with the previous Security Council resolutions, over 90% of North
Korea’s publicly reported 2016 exports of $2.7 billion are now banned (coal
, textiles, iron, seafood), which does not include revenues from overseas
workers.
Overseas Laborers
This provision we adopt today will eventually deny the regime another half
billion dollars each year it takes from the nearly 100,000 North Korean
citizens working around the world to earn wages.
In order to minimize business disruptions to existing contracts and work
authorizations involving North Korean overseas workers, this provision
allows existing authorizations to reach their original expiration dates but
does not authorize any renewals.
Interdiction
The resolution provides member states new tools to stop high seas smuggling
of prohibited products (e.g., conventional arms, coal, textiles, seafood,
etc.). North Korea has been smuggling coal and iron ore to other countries
using very sophisticated evasion techniques by sea.
If flag states refuse to allow inspections of suspicious vessels, then the
flag state is required to redirect the vessels to a port for inspection.
If a flag state or vessel does not cooperate with inspections, then the
vessel can be designated for an asset freeze, denied port access, de-
registered, and suffer other penalties.
Joint Ventures
The resolution requires the end of all joint ventures with North Korea. This
will not only starve the regime of any revenues generated through such
arrangements, it will now stop all future foreign investments and technology
transfers to help North Korea’s nascent and weak commercial industries.
However, to protect civilian needs of the North Korean people and continue
facilitating international commerce involving the North Korean port of Rajin
, the China-DPRK hydroelectric power stations on the Yalu River and the
Russia-DPRK Khasan-Rajin rail and port project to transshipment of Russian
coal to other markets are exempted.
Designations
The resolution imposes asset freezes on the most important North Korean
regime organs: Organizational Guidance Department, Central Military
Commission, and Propaganda and Agitation Department that run the DPRK
government, military, and keep its people down.
The resolution facilitates the listing of additional dual-use items and
technology that could be used for WMD or conventional arms-related purposes
that will be banned for transfer to and from North Korea.
The resolution also facilitates a process to identify vessels caught
smuggling prohibited North Korean goods to other countries.
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