i**e
发帖数: 19242 | 1 http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/12/29/christakis.play.children.
Editor's note: Erika Christakis, MEd, MPH, is an early childhood teacher and
former preschool director. Nicholas Christakis, MD, PhD, is a professor of
medicine and sociology at Harvard University. Together, they serve as
Masters of Pforzheimer House, one of the undergraduate residential houses at
Harvard College.
(CNN) -- Every day where we work, we see our young students struggling with
the transition from home to school. They're all wonderful kids, but some can
't share easily or listen in a group.
Some have impulse control problems and have trouble keeping their hands to
themselves; others don't always see that actions have consequences; a few
suffer terribly from separation anxiety.
We're not talking about preschool children. These are Harvard undergraduate
students whom we teach and advise. They all know how to work, but some of
them haven't learned how to play.
Parents, educators, psychologists, neuroscientists, and politicians
generally fall into one of two camps when it comes to preparing very young
children for school: play-based or skills-based.
These two kinds of curricula are often pitted against one another as a zero-
sum game: If you want to protect your daughter's childhood, so the argument
goes, choose a play-based program; but if you want her to get into Harvard,
you'd better make sure you're brushing up on the ABC flashcards every night
before bed.
We think it is quite the reverse. Or, in any case, if you want your child to
succeed in college, the play-based curriculum is the way to go.
In fact, we wonder why play is not encouraged in educational periods later
in the developmental life of young people -- giving kids more practice as
they get closer to the ages of our students.
Why do this? One of the best predictors of school success is the ability to
control impulses. Children who can control their impulse to be the center of
the universe, and -- relatedly -- who can assume the perspective of another
person, are better equipped to learn.
Psychologists calls this the "theory of mind": the ability to recognize that
our own ideas, beliefs, and desires are distinct from those of the people
around us. When a four-year-old destroys someone's carefully constructed
block castle or a 20-year-old belligerently monopolizes the class discussion
on a routine basis, we might conclude that they are unaware of the feelings
of the people around them.
The beauty of a play-based curriculum is that very young children can
routinely observe and learn from others' emotions and experiences. Skills-
based curricula, on the other hand, are sometimes derisively known as "drill
and kill" programs because most teachers understand that young children can
't learn meaningfully in the social isolation required for such an approach.
How do these approaches look different in a classroom? Preschoolers in both
kinds of programs might learn about hibernating squirrels, for example, but
in the skills-based program, the child could be asked to fill out a
worksheet, counting (or guessing) the number of nuts in a basket and
coloring the squirrel's fur.
In a play-based curriculum, by contrast, a child might hear stories about
squirrels and be asked why a squirrel accumulates nuts or has fur. The child
might then collaborate with peers in the construction of a squirrel habitat
, learning not only about number sense, measurement, and other principles
needed for engineering, but also about how to listen to, and express, ideas.
The child filling out the worksheet is engaged in a more one-dimensional
task, but the child in the play-based program interacts meaningfully with
peers, materials, and ideas.
Programs centered around constructive, teacher-moderated play are very
effective. For instance, one randomized, controlled trial had 4- and 5-year-
olds engage in make-believe play with adults and found substantial and
durable gains in the ability of children to show self-control and to delay
gratification. Countless other studies support the association between
dramatic play and self-regulation.
Through play, children learn to take turns, delay gratification, negotiate
conflicts, solve problems, share goals, acquire flexibility, and live with
disappointment. By allowing children to imagine walking in another person's
shoes, imaginative play also seeds the development of empathy, a key
ingredient for intellectual and social-emotional success.
The real "readiness" skills that make for an academically successful
kindergartener or college student have as much to do with emotional
intelligence as they do with academic preparation. Kindergartners need to
know not just sight words and lower case letters, but how to search for
meaning. The same is true of 18-year-olds.
As admissions officers at selective colleges like to say, an entire freshman
class could be filled with students with perfect grades and test scores.
But academic achievement in college requires readiness skills that transcend
mere book learning. It requires the ability to engage actively with people
and ideas. In short, it requires a deep connection with the world.
For a five year-old, this connection begins and ends with the creating,
questioning, imitating, dreaming, and sharing that characterize play. When
we deny young children play, we are denying them the right to understand the
world. By the time they get to college, we will have denied them the
opportunity to fix the world too. | i**e
发帖数: 19242 | 2 too simple too navie
哈哈哈
我是说，如果孩子是玩过瘾了，学习成绩达不到入学成绩要求咋办？
5岁之前的，关于玩就是学的文章多了去
有没有5岁之后关于玩得呢？
俺瞅着，还得会玩，把学习融到玩之中 | s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 3 I wanted to make exactly the same two points.
Look at this sentence, "if you want your child to succeed in college, the
play-based curriculum is the way to go." in college? what about getting
into the college before the question is even valid? DS's school is very
much play based, but thanks to how the college admission is set up, we
may have to move her out when she enters middle school so that she would
have a realistic chance at getting into a top high school.
Yes, when I saw 5 years old, i started to skim down to see any number
greater than 5, and expectedly, none.
【在 i**e 的大作中提到】
: too simple too navie
: 哈哈哈
: 我是说，如果孩子是玩过瘾了，学习成绩达不到入学成绩要求咋办？
: 5岁之前的，关于玩就是学的文章多了去
: 有没有5岁之后关于玩得呢？
: 俺瞅着，还得会玩，把学习融到玩之中
| s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 4 DS means my daughter. I guess to give my daughter a nick name now.
the
very
would
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: I wanted to make exactly the same two points.
: Look at this sentence, "if you want your child to succeed in college, the
: play-based curriculum is the way to go." in college? what about getting
: into the college before the question is even valid? DS's school is very
: much play based, but thanks to how the college admission is set up, we
: may have to move her out when she enters middle school so that she would
: have a realistic chance at getting into a top high school.
: Yes, when I saw 5 years old, i started to skim down to see any number
: greater than 5, and expectedly, none.
| m**k
发帖数: 18660 | 5 lol. thought it is dear son. that is how US moms use?
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: DS means my daughter. I guess to give my daughter a nick name now.
:
: the
: very
: would
| l*******e
发帖数: 2431 | 6 他家是闺女
是不是有个游戏叫DS？
【在 m**k 的大作中提到】
: lol. thought it is dear son. that is how US moms use?
| d****e
发帖数: 2395 | 7 enen, they call their daughter DD
【在 m**k 的大作中提到】
: lol. thought it is dear son. that is how US moms use?
| p*****e
发帖数: 5165 | 8 推是大方向，是纲。。。玩是推的一种形式。。。
【在 i**e 的大作中提到】
: too simple too navie
: 哈哈哈
: 我是说，如果孩子是玩过瘾了，学习成绩达不到入学成绩要求咋办？
: 5岁之前的，关于玩就是学的文章多了去
: 有没有5岁之后关于玩得呢？
: 俺瞅着，还得会玩，把学习融到玩之中
| q********y
发帖数: 615 | 9 in similar boat.
去年给孩子k报名的时候，最后有两个选择
play-based, progressive school
gifted and talented class
i chose the former over the latter exactly because i thought learning how to
plan how to social is more important, at least for my son.
上次遇到了儿子的一个幼儿园同学，上的是我们没去的第二个
人家每天有作业，会写短文章，做加减法，听起来比我们玩的孩子认真多了
still wonder whether i made the right decision last year.
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: I wanted to make exactly the same two points.
: Look at this sentence, "if you want your child to succeed in college, the
: play-based curriculum is the way to go." in college? what about getting
: into the college before the question is even valid? DS's school is very
: much play based, but thanks to how the college admission is set up, we
: may have to move her out when she enters middle school so that she would
: have a realistic chance at getting into a top high school.
: Yes, when I saw 5 years old, i started to skim down to see any number
: greater than 5, and expectedly, none.
| l*******e
发帖数: 2431 | 10 有没有更多方面的比较，比如social能力玩的花样之类？
to
【在 q********y 的大作中提到】
: in similar boat.
: 去年给孩子k报名的时候，最后有两个选择
: play-based, progressive school
: gifted and talented class
: i chose the former over the latter exactly because i thought learning how to
: plan how to social is more important, at least for my son.
: 上次遇到了儿子的一个幼儿园同学，上的是我们没去的第二个
: 人家每天有作业，会写短文章，做加减法，听起来比我们玩的孩子认真多了
: still wonder whether i made the right decision last year.
| | | q********y
发帖数: 615 | 11 这个没有都上过很难比较
所以说社会科学真的很难“科学”
因为很难找到perfect control
不过对儿子学校所有非学术部分目前还满意
【在 l*******e 的大作中提到】
: 有没有更多方面的比较，比如social能力玩的花样之类？
:
: to
| m****g
发帖数: 513 | 12 这些要更长的时间才能看到效果吧?
【在 l*******e 的大作中提到】
: 有没有更多方面的比较，比如social能力玩的花样之类？
:
: to
| l*******e
发帖数: 2431 | 13 的确，所有的结论都是概率事件，
假如有survey的话，我们可以知道一些数据，
比如在某个衡量标准之下，
上类型A的学校，有多少比例的孩子会超过此标准
而如果上类型B，这个比例又是多大。
【在 q********y 的大作中提到】
: 这个没有都上过很难比较
: 所以说社会科学真的很难“科学”
: 因为很难找到perfect control
: 不过对儿子学校所有非学术部分目前还满意
| s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 14 Blush. It should be DD. I always thought DS means Daughter/Son, like the
parent wants to downplay the gender difference in the discussion. Nobody
corrected me before. I guess they always thought I have a son. Thanks. | s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 15 "不过对儿子学校所有非学术部分目前还满意"
same here.
【在 q********y 的大作中提到】
: 这个没有都上过很难比较
: 所以说社会科学真的很难“科学”
: 因为很难找到perfect control
: 不过对儿子学校所有非学术部分目前还满意
| l*******e
发帖数: 2431 | 16 DD好像是个BBS常用语
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: Blush. It should be DD. I always thought DS means Daughter/Son, like the
: parent wants to downplay the gender difference in the discussion. Nobody
: corrected me before. I guess they always thought I have a son. Thanks.
| i**e
发帖数: 19242 | 17 Some have impulse control problems and have trouble keeping their hands to
themselves; others don't always see that actions have consequences; a few
suffer terribly from separation anxiety.
We're not talking about preschool children. These are Harvard undergraduate
students whom we teach and advise. They all know how to work, but some of
them haven't learned how to play.
哈哈哈
俺看到这儿就笑了
哈佛嘛，收的有Aspergers syndrome 的娃的比例就是高么
入学的时候，又不测试social skills，尤其是在group setting之下的行为
至少要看成绩地，在某些领域有没有“成果”，至少要有很大的潜力 | s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 18 也是。我想我是先入为主了。
【在 l*******e 的大作中提到】
: DD好像是个BBS常用语
| m**k
发帖数: 18660 | 19 ha, 看样子还总混 英文 坛子阿.
【在 s*****r 的大作中提到】
: Blush. It should be DD. I always thought DS means Daughter/Son, like the
: parent wants to downplay the gender difference in the discussion. Nobody
: corrected me before. I guess they always thought I have a son. Thanks.
| s*****r
发帖数: 1032 | 20 没有啊，要总混英文坛子还会犯这种低级错误。就是有时候有个问题什么的，就去搜索
一下英文坛
子。一鳞半爪，才会totally missed the DD
【在 m**k 的大作中提到】
: ha, 看样子还总混 英文 坛子阿.
| I**A
发帖数: 2345 | 21 东看一下西看一下
很容易"精神分裂"
唉
and
of
at
with
can
【在 i**e 的大作中提到】
: http://www.cnn.com/2010/OPINION/12/29/christakis.play.children.
: Editor's note: Erika Christakis, MEd, MPH, is an early childhood teacher and
: former preschool director. Nicholas Christakis, MD, PhD, is a professor of
: medicine and sociology at Harvard University. Together, they serve as
: Masters of Pforzheimer House, one of the undergraduate residential houses at
: Harvard College.
: (CNN) -- Every day where we work, we see our young students struggling with
: the transition from home to school. They're all wonderful kids, but some can
: 't share easily or listen in a group.
: Some have impulse control problems and have trouble keeping their hands to
| k******d
发帖数: 1543 | 22 我们的也有类似的情况:
去年选校的时候, 带儿子去了一所人家推荐的私校, 新开的一个适合这么小的孩子的
program, 收费合理, 班集很小, 我们因为得到消息早, 刚好赶上能挤进去, 老师们给
我的印象很好, 带着我们参观, 看教程, 看大一点的小朋友几岁就能读什么样level的
书, 画什么样的画, 写什么样的文章, 满意得我当场就填申请交钱了, 尤其看见儿子跟
老师能打成一片, 玩得好像多年的熟人一样...
回来问儿子, 你觉得怎么样啊? 我真以为他会和我一样满意呢, 万万没有想到他玩得那
么开心却会说出一句让我沉思良久的话:
"...可是, 教室里就是桌子和椅子, 连一个玩具的影子都没有..."
后来我们选择了另一所教室里满是玩具的学校, 儿子也心满意足地玩得找不着北,作业
的没有, 要说"学术"的系统性和重视程度, 我闭着眼睛都可以下结论, 但是我始终没法
说服我自己, 儿子的那句话哪里错了?
to
【在 q********y 的大作中提到】
: in similar boat.
: 去年给孩子k报名的时候，最后有两个选择
: play-based, progressive school
: gifted and talented class
: i chose the former over the latter exactly because i thought learning how to
: plan how to social is more important, at least for my son.
: 上次遇到了儿子的一个幼儿园同学，上的是我们没去的第二个
: 人家每天有作业，会写短文章，做加减法，听起来比我们玩的孩子认真多了
: still wonder whether i made the right decision last year.
|
|
