N******m 发帖数: 17 | 1 刚开始shift的VS我們這裡規定一定要RN 自己量
理由很簡單: 1.不曉得CNA 是否亂來, 隨便應付了事 2.CNA沒有能力判斷數據正常不正
常或合理不合理, 也沒有能力判斷是否需要緊急處置
已經不少次, a-fib 病人, CNA 隨便寫個HR 45 或 130 交差了事. 但實際上量滿一分
鐘, 脈搏還70-80. 這是因為機器只抓2次的心跳換算出一分鐘心率, 問題是病人脈搏根
本不規則, 不能只憑幾秒鐘的心跳來換算, 問題是哪一個CNA 有能力針對病人rhythm分
辨能不能用機器量?
是我的話, 實在不敢因為 CNA 跟我說病人HR 45 就 hold beta blocker. 還是要自己
眼見為憑啊
刚开始shift的VS還是自己來比較保險, 這也是assessment 的一環, 不是嗎
至於之後的VS, 老實講, 只要病人沒有緊急狀況, 晚個1個鐘頭, 還在我個人的接受範
圍之內, 畢竟CNA 有他們該忙的事, 沒有在忙我的病人, 可能正綁在另一個 RN 的c-
diff 隔離病房, 處理 code brown 呢. 穩定狀況病人的VS 對他們來講可沒有"把所有
病 |
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T*R 发帖数: 36302 | 2 A FIB的病人你就是量满一分钟又有什么意义?下一分钟还不是又不一样了。
你们这样做根本就没有信任了。开始量和后来量有什么区别?病人的病情难道不会变化
吗?
TELE病房本来看心跳就是以MONITOR为主。有本事你每次都自己量血压。
我觉得这种FLOOR干着真累。
何况一般MEDICAL UNIT只量一次VITALS的,难道RN就需要自己干了?
实在不敢恭维你们这样的POLICY。
其实推而广之,医生开药也不应该信任护士,应该每天自己量一次才确定药的增减。
这样下去,就和毒奶粉以样,大家只喝进口的,只信任自己测得了。 |
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g****i 发帖数: 2269 | 3 我虽然没有学过LPN/LVN,但是作为RN我可以感受到我以及周围的人对他们的评价.有时
候转病人时给report,对方唯一care的就是last BM,当然这个是重要,但是他们却不关
心the assessment of cardiovascular and pulmonary system, 难道bm 真的要比CV
AND PULM重要?
还有一次我给report,说病人是 chronic a fib, 对方不知道,我以为是我的口音,
重复了2遍,又spell了,对方还是不明白。
我现在教lvn,所以我知道他们的水平。这些学生98%没有上过大学,基础很差。上课懒
得要死,不做作业,还和老师顶嘴,我现在也适应了,program里的老师都说将来老了
可都怎么办呀,都是这些人来照顾我们。一个老师说某学生计算出病人一次需要口服
500,000 pills。 我说那takes several days to swallow.
一个朋友给home health agency 的 new hires作orientation,她说那些LVN (有经验
的)上班前考核calculation, 90% ... 阅读全帖 |
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n******e 发帖数: 40 | 4 A fib/ SVT
treatment:
cardizem
digoxin
amiodarone
per protocol |
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w**d 发帖数: 362 | 5 多谢您回复。
那天早上preceptor和我一走进病房,马上就发现异常。夜班RT把Ventilator调到了 AC
32 500 100%, peep 15. 这是开足马力确保病人不要在夜班去世。
白班RT来了,马上查ABG. 我们俩一算,paO2/FiO2=105, fatal rate 38-45%。马上打
电话给家属。
HR 125, 12-lead EKG显示A-fib with multiple PVC,但是没有MI。
peep 15是极限了,RT说他已经把ventilator弄到极限了。
到下午,我也把vasopressor弄到极限了。
都打到极限了,那为什么BP还是控制不住呢?该用的我们都用了。没招了,第一次感到
很无助。
事后想想,应该要弄个cvp和arterial pressure看看。
是什么导致的ARDS我也不太清楚。入院诊断是acute respiratory failure, UTI.
PMH: chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure, COPD, CHF, HTN.
%. |
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w**d 发帖数: 362 | 6 多谢您回复。
那天早上preceptor和我一走进病房,马上就发现异常。夜班RT把Ventilator调到了 AC
32 500 100%, peep 15. 这是开足马力确保病人不要在夜班去世。
白班RT来了,马上查ABG. 我们俩一算,paO2/FiO2=105, fatal rate 38-45%。马上打
电话给家属。
HR 125, 12-lead EKG显示A-fib with multiple PVC,但是没有MI。
peep 15是极限了,RT说他已经把ventilator弄到极限了。
到下午,我也把vasopressor弄到极限了。
都打到极限了,那为什么BP还是控制不住呢?该用的我们都用了。没招了,第一次感到
很无助。
事后想想,应该要弄个cvp和arterial pressure看看。
是什么导致的ARDS我也不太清楚。入院诊断是acute respiratory failure, UTI.
PMH: chronic hypercapnic respiratory failure, COPD, CHF, HTN.
%. |
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w********y 发帖数: 35 | 7 warfarin主要针对 clot formation (fibrin rich 的clot 以及静脉血栓). 主要用
于prevention of stroke in patients with A-fib,or treatment VTE.
antiplatelets such as aspirin 用来防止 platelet rich thrombus formation. 所
以主要用于心脑血管病的防治。机理不一样,所以针对也有不同。
warfarin bleeding risk 远大于aspirin。特别是不能做到有效 routine therapeutic
monitoring 的情况下。
There are situations when a patient will need aspirin, plavix, and warfarin
(比如history of ischemic stroke due to afib, and recent MI with drug eluding stent placement)
There are new antithromboti... 阅读全帖 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 8 是的,我回头看了下,那些对比试验确实是针对A.fib的
而且我也没有查新的chest
1月份我们还在讨论dabigatran的各种问题,没想到二月份chest就确定其地位,呵呵
MI这块我不说了,学了很久了,忘了不少,也没时间回头看
你们继续,我围观学习:)
indicated
atherosclerosis
plaque build up, different from the blood clot in DVT/PE. There are side
by
warfarin
in
patient with afib.
I
really don't know how easy INR routine monitoring is in China. At the
sometimes
it |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 9 中风的预防可以用aspirin 325 mg
A.fib的问题可以用warfarin
我没有看出必须用pradaxa的必要,如果回国不方便买的话
大家的意见呢?
fiorio? wshr? rainflower?
还有潜水的高手们? |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 10 完全同意
我们的思路不同,但你的更严谨,哈哈
对stroke的预防,最近看到有文章总结说aggrenox更好。。。
A.fib已经证明了warfarin优于aspirin and clopidogrel,不过上次有牛人说pradaxa
更好 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 11 我最近遇到的病例,医生用药跟你说的有点出入
病人情况跟LZ说的差不多,也是A.fib+stroke
医生给开了full strength 325mg aspirin 和warfarin
病人以前是用81mg aspirin,医生特别跟他说,从现在开始要用aspirin 325 mg, 81 mg
已经不够。
aspirin 和warfarin作用机理不用,所以医生坚持两种都要同时长期使用 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 12 今天是最后一天在医院做medicine的rotation
最后跟的这个医生很酷,既会讲笑话又高效,雷厉风行的,看起来不年轻了,但一直没
结婚的一个女医生。
她今天问我的两个问题算是对我的第一个rotation很好的总结了
病例一:老太太A.fib,现在肠道complete obstruction, 需要尽量把PO的药改成IV
drips. 她问我,她如果把现在病人用的口服的digoxin 和 CCB, 再加上beta blocker
全部改成IV drips for 5 doses,我作为pharmacist,该怎么办? IV作用快,三种
rate control的药同时IV对心率作用太强,如果pharmacist不打电话给她提醒她,要求
先试2个dose,而不是惯性的一次性开5个dose,病人要是死了,pharmacist就跟她一起坐
牢去了。我没忍住笑到跟她一起坐牢肯定很好玩,后来觉得这是件十分严肃的事情,需
要好好反省!
病例二:昨天她把病人的furosemide停了,spironolactone 一直在用,lab显示钾离子
三天前就恢复了正常,而且level越来越高,今天的钾跟... 阅读全帖 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 13 怎么这么长这么含糊呀
痛苦中。。。
正在学习,马上要做个报告,关于A.fib的
大家有什么好方法吗? |
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r********r 发帖数: 352 | 14 I agree with ann2008 on this topic. Dig is not a first-line medication for
patient with heart failure. It doesn't have mortality benefit, has dangerous
side effects, and requires careful therapeutic monitoring. If the dig level
is above 0.8, it could produce worse outcome, and increase mortality. Not
that dig should bot be used in patient with heart failure. But I wouldn't
recommend it until all the standard therapy (BB/ACEI or ARB) are being
optimized. If a patient is already on target dose bb ... 阅读全帖 |
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j*******j 发帖数: 84 | 15 谢分享
有没有A Fib的经验可以分享的?:) |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 16 你要问a.fib什么具体问题?
对于acute arrhythmia, 照着algorithm 走就很清晰啦
48小时内,48小时外怎么cardioversion都很清楚
长期治疗stroke prevention 是关键啦,算CHARDS 2 score, 好几种oral anticoag...
然后rate control by beta blocker or CCB... |
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j*******j 发帖数: 84 | 17 谢分享
有没有A Fib的经验可以分享的?:) |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 18 你要问a.fib什么具体问题?
对于acute arrhythmia, 照着algorithm 走就很清晰啦
48小时内,48小时外怎么cardioversion都很清楚
长期治疗stroke prevention 是关键啦,算CHARDS 2 score, 好几种oral anticoag...
然后rate control by beta blocker or CCB... |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 19 warfarin clinic 确实轻松,容易,不少人喜欢做的
你现在实习的时候好好表现,给manager留下好印象,也强烈表达下兴趣和将来申请工
作的打算
我以前实习的warfarin clinic是有做过residency的人干的,很多都是part time,一
是为了家庭,二是每天都干受不了,太单调。
上面说到的新药危机,是存在的。越来越多的医生prefer rivaroxaban. 遇到几次医生
discharge A.fib patient 之前要我给病人做education,选择rivaroxaban
既然你在做这个rotation,随便问你个问题吧:对severely renal impaired patients
, 选哪个oral anti-coag?
答了这个问题就知道了,需要anti-coag的人群老年人居多,warfarin clinic 到底会
不会消失这个问题,你应该能回答上了:)
至于选择。。。
有时候不是我选择它,是它选择了我。。。
我很幸运而已
真正敢于挑战自己的牛人是ann2008师姐 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 20 What's the English name of the med your mom on?
Rate control by beta blocker is the first line treatment for A.fib, which
will reduce blood pressure. Metoprolol may have less blood pressure effects
than carvedilol
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 8.7
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 8.7
★ 发自iPhone App: ChineseWeb 8.7 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 21 这个。。。除了特殊原因必须用amio
居然还有医生给A.fib用这个,太糟糕了
停了好 |
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u*******s 发帖数: 688 | 22 几个follow up的问题:
1.你说你妈妈年轻时候血压偏低,请问她现在的血压多少?
2.你妈妈能感觉出明显的a-fib症状吗,比如明显感受到心跳不齐。如果afib症状明显
,心跳维持在110以下也是可以的。不需要太苛求。
3.你说她吃了metoprolol以后血压过低,请问她吃的是哪一种metoprolol,剂量多少,
怎么吃的,吃药以后血压多少?需要警惕的反应是systolic BP<80, heart rate<60。
医生应该调整药的剂量,不是直接就不吃。。
我说的时常监控的是心电图。sotalol在4%的病人中会产生qt prolongation and
torsade de pointe(ventricular tachycardia),这个副作用是和血药浓度正相关,所
以要结合你妈妈的肾功能来考虑。
最后,你妈妈的药你也买不了啊,没有处方。 |
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l******k 发帖数: 27533 | 23 1/ 以上检查是说明药物引起的肝异常或是有心衰症状?还需做什么检查进一步确诊?
没问题,每个医院ALT/AST正常范围可能都有出入,一般是如果增加到大于最高正常值
的三倍才算肝功能异常
单用CK值来评估心脏功能太不准确了。CK-MB在心肌梗死发生前4小时才会增加,之后就
降低到正常。心衰是说heart failure吗?一般是查BNP
这个lab值在我看来心脏和肝脏都没问题,就算没有baseline lab,也没有明显疾病特征
2/ statin类降脂药与钙离子通道拮抗剂合用有强烈的伤肝作用吗?
simvastatin是研究最多的statin,至今FDA仍然要求跟calcium channel blocker合用
要用低剂量的simvastatin
跟amlodipine合用最高剂量是20mg
rosuvastatin的drug drug interaction比simvastatin少,不同的statin之间比较降血
脂强度,要看剂量如何,rosuvastatin 2.5mg 降血脂强度不如simvastatin 20 mg
另外一个用rosuvastatin的可能是有提高剂量的... 阅读全帖 |
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b**o 发帖数: 5769 | 24 心脏舒张功能性障碍,及房颤。这是heart failure and A. Fib 吗?
同意师姐的,现在的利尿剂加倍,吃一颗,注意体重,electrolyte. |
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b**o 发帖数: 5769 | 25 心脏舒张功能性障碍,及房颤。这是heart failure and A. Fib 吗?
同意师姐的,现在的利尿剂加倍,吃一颗,注意体重,electrolyte. |
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l**n 发帖数: 1861 | 26 【 以下文字转载自 NanoST 讨论区 】
发信人: lyan (风水宝地WsnUnion), 信区: NanoST
标 题: 请教一个大角度ion mill的问题
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Sep 7 10:02:30 2007), 转信
有没有角度大于45度的ion mill?
我们实验中可能需要这样一个ion mill设备
其实,我们的问题是这样的
需要用FIB刻一些图案,然后用ion mill去掉被Ga离子
破坏掉的部分,不知道各位兄弟有什么建议,
谢谢。 |
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i******e 发帖数: 1811 | 27 对,凝聚态材料物理
博士做的超导铁磁方面的
会一些技术如下(写在简历里的),是不是比较鸡肋啊。博士期间两篇PRB一个一作,
一个二作。是不是我这样的条件,物理圈里很难找到工作了呢?真的是空前难过了。。。
Designed thin-film devices using EasyCAD32 and Kic
Fabricated thin-film devices using multilayer photolithography technique in
clean room
Milled thin films using Argon Beam Miller
Nanofabricated devices using Focused Ion Beam Miller (FIB) in clean room
Deposited gold thin film using in-stiu multilayer Magnetron Sputtering
system
Analyzed the crystallographic information of devices achieved by x- |
|
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M******n 发帖数: 1506 | 29 【 以下文字转载自 JobHunting 讨论区 】
发信人: MarsLynn (Mars), 信区: JobHunting
标 题: 尴尬的问题+求工作机会thin film device(electronic, optical, magnetic)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Jan 28 16:15:27 2013, 美东)
春天或者夏天物理PhD毕业,做了5年+有机半导体器件,组里Physics和EE学生大概6:4,做
的事情完全一样,找工作差老远...
Experience:
fabrication and characterization of organic semiconductor devices, "OLED,
transistor,Spin-valve,magnetic sensor"; characterization of organic
materials
Skills:
e-beam/thermo evaporation and sputtering,polymer solution preparation, spin
coating pr... 阅读全帖 |
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c*********g 发帖数: 154 | 31 “一个数的n次方需要(n-1) 个乘法实现,时间复杂度当然是O(n)”,这是错误的,
因为四次方相当于平方的平方,只需两次计算。所以最好的时间复杂度是O(log(n))。
这也就是为什么fib最好效率能达到O(log(n))。
时间复杂度的分析就是看能把问题分解成怎样的小问题,写出递推式,然后求解。
Master Theory可以派上用场。
空间复杂度么,好像没有什么通用的方法,具体问题具体分析吧。 |
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x****o 发帖数: 29677 | 32
你断阿,CIA,FIB,CTU,随便你去找人,我还怕你不成 |
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s******t 发帖数: 579 | 33 I have been thinking about this kind of dilemmas a lot times and everytime I
felt nervous about it. If I face that kind of situation in the future, I
don't know what should I do.
Is it true that the doctors deal with life threatening situation first then,
thinking about others? Do we have a better approach for this situation? |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 34 Risks over benefits.
You are absolutely right. We need to take care of the critical issues first
. In her case, after stroke happened , I had to prevent her from recurrent
stroke first and took the chance of epistaxia.
I believe she had internal bleeding other than epistaxia after being on
Pradaxa.
But just being off heparin several hours for endoscopy, she had another
stroke.
I am helpless.
I
then, |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 35 I will not put her on oral anticoagulation. She has a history of epistaxis,
and GI bleed from AVM, it is possible that she has AVMs in her brain.
anticoagulation may put her at higher risk of ICH, not only GI bleed. |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 36 But she was having emboli. 2 events within 2 days! One in the brain and the
other in the arm.
epistaxis, |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 37 There is a new score published by British last year, HAS-BLED score, in
conjunction with CHA2DS2-VAS score to assess the one year risk of major
bleeding event vs. stroke.
link: http://www.mdcalc.com/has-bled-score-for-major-bleeding-risk
I don't know if it will help. But anyway, in her case I will not start OAC.
Any uncorrectable conditions predisposing pt to bleed are
contraindications.
the |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 38 Does she have other/new conditions that put her at higher risk of getting
thromoemboli? Any detectable thrombus in her heart? I am just curios. As
you said, she clearly expressed her preference regarding OAC, so help her to
make an informed decision. |
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r********n 发帖数: 48 | 39 If she just had a massive stroke, the immediate problem might be life or
death, rather than anticoag or not. If massive stroke, I would not start
anti coag at least in the next few days. But family has to know the
consequence if she suffer another stroke. Then if she survive this, to make
a decision about anticoag, I would discuss with her in detail the risk and
benifits, give her all the numbers to help her make an informed decision.
Doctors are not god. I had a similar case before. I remeber ... 阅读全帖 |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 40 In her case, for the first stroke, no heparin, sure.
But for the second stroke, I have no other choices. She was not a TPA
candidate.
Again, risks over benefits.
The patient and family should always be informed prior to the initiation of
anticoagulation.
make |
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a*******n 发帖数: 82 | 41 If her TTE is unremarkable, I would do TEE and shock her out of AF on the
condition of no clots in atrium. And I don't like Pradaxa. I just had a case
of fatal pulmonary hemorrhage with Pradaxa. |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 42 A new drug. So far I had no problem with it. I only use it when the
patient could not take coumadin.
case |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 43 The patient passed away last night, died of intracranial bleeding after
Friday's massive stroke.
I still remember clearly she was joking with me on Friday. She was 67 yrs
old, a respiratory therapist and could not afford retiring according to her.
A sad day. |
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f******w 发帖数: 10267 | 44 pat pat。你已经尽了全力了。我原来的邻居,家族有心血管疾病史,她一直在
coumadin上,两年前的春天,得UTI尿血很厉害,医生就把coumadin拿掉了,老太太几
周以后stroke,还好送医院后病情控制住保了一条命,但是大脑严重受损,语音能力基
本没有了。
her. |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 45 thank you for the update. A sad case.
BTW, is there any recommendation or study regarding the risk of hemorrhagic
conversion after a massive ischemic
stroke? When is the safe time to start anticoagulation?
her. |
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s******t 发帖数: 579 | 46 I have been thinking about this kind of dilemmas a lot times and everytime I
felt nervous about it. If I face that kind of situation in the future, I
don't know what should I do.
Is it true that the doctors deal with life threatening situation first then,
thinking about others? Do we have a better approach for this situation? |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 47 Risks over benefits.
You are absolutely right. We need to take care of the critical issues first
. In her case, after stroke happened , I had to prevent her from recurrent
stroke first and took the chance of epistaxia.
I believe she had internal bleeding other than epistaxia after being on
Pradaxa.
But just being off heparin several hours for endoscopy, she had another
stroke.
I am helpless.
I
then, |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 48 I will not put her on oral anticoagulation. She has a history of epistaxis,
and GI bleed from AVM, it is possible that she has AVMs in her brain.
anticoagulation may put her at higher risk of ICH, not only GI bleed. |
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A*******s 发帖数: 9638 | 49 But she was having emboli. 2 events within 2 days! One in the brain and the
other in the arm.
epistaxis, |
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y******a 发帖数: 590 | 50 There is a new score published by British last year, HAS-BLED score, in
conjunction with CHA2DS2-VAS score to assess the one year risk of major
bleeding event vs. stroke.
link: http://www.mdcalc.com/has-bled-score-for-major-bleeding-risk
I don't know if it will help. But anyway, in her case I will not start OAC.
Any uncorrectable conditions predisposing pt to bleed are
contraindications.
the |
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