r***y 发帖数: 25 | 1 Based on the information released, it looks like they are using each 'circle
' ( (in the diagram, consists of neurons and their connections) as an '
functional unit', as 'faculty' in cognitive science. And then use these '
units' to construct bigger networks. Though the hardware (the 'board') they
have released so far is just one 'circle' specifically for visual pattern
recognition. If we look into the 'circle', I don't know whether it is
necessary for the neurons/nodes being more complicated an... 阅读全帖 |
|
r***y 发帖数: 25 | 2 Based on the information released, it looks like they are using each 'circle
' ( (in the diagram, consists of neurons and their connections) as an '
functional unit', as 'faculty' in cognitive science. And then use these '
units' to construct bigger networks. Though the hardware (the 'board') they
have released so far is just one 'circle' specifically for visual pattern
recognition. If we look into the 'circle', I don't know whether it is
necessary for the neurons/nodes being more complicated an... 阅读全帖 |
|
m*******r 发帖数: 7495 | 3 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: criseaster (cookie), 信区: Biology
标 题: 看了整理艳阳天的帖子,说两句瑞士生物找FACULTY位置的情况。
关键字: 瑞士 生物 FACULTY
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Mar 12 08:38:42 2011, 美东)
首先祝福&赞SUNNYDAY写得详细:)
顺便澄清一下瑞士的情况:
法语区:洛桑大学和日内瓦大学还有洛桑理工是主要生物比较好的学校。
招的老板并不要求会法语,这是肯定的。恐怕这只是一个DECLINE的借口。我知道的新
招的PI很多不会法语,在实验室和学校也基本用不上法语,都是英语。所以不用害怕语
言。(同样的道理,据我听说,奥地利,德国,瑞士德语区找位置也不会拿语言来卡你
,但是一般来说研究所比大学要好,因为大学很多要教学,研究所就不用)
但是瑞士的问题就是经费很好,教授工资很高,(assistant professor大概有13-18万
CHF每年,大概是跟美元1:1,税后大概9-15美元每年)。所以新招PI的标准非常非常
高,可以说很多是不输美国TOP20... 阅读全帖 |
|
d******4 发帖数: 132 | 4 从来没有用过neural network. 我看了一下back propagation算法,好像就是用chain
rule从后向前算gradient,每一个neuron的 的参数的gradient重用用下一个neuron的
gradient的结果。对不对?
还有什么会问的?这个玩意我感觉很神秘,比如选择多少hidden layer, 每层hidden
layer 选择多少neuron,这些是不是都根据经验来?会问到这方面的问题吗?
实际工作中,neural network目前一般用来干嘛啊?手写识别? |
|
w**********9 发帖数: 242 | 5 I did not read paper or get information from anyone. But, from pieces of
information here and there, I can figure out the basis of neuroanatomy of
Xiao's procedure. Let me try to explain to some people who may want to know.
1), Normal reflex
Touch sensation which the patient uses to scratch the leg is the fucntion of
dorsal sensory nerves. The normal Reflex like ankle reflex works because
signals transmit from muscle to sensory nerve----> doral root ganglion----->
dorsal horn spinal cord---->int... 阅读全帖 |
|
p********3 发帖数: 5750 | 6 INTRODUCTION — The word "acupuncture" is derived from the Latin words "acus
" (needle) and "punctura" (penetration). Acupuncture originated in China
approximately 2000 years ago and is one of the oldest medical procedures in
the world.
Over its long history and dissemination, acupuncture has diversified and
encompasses a large array of styles and techniques. Common styles include
Traditional Chinese, Japanese, Korean, Vietnamese, and French acupuncture,
as well as specialized forms such as hand,... 阅读全帖 |
|
f**d 发帖数: 768 | 7 ScienceDaily (May 2, 2011) — In 2005, researchers from the University
of North Carolina at Chapel Hill found that 2-year-old children with
autism have brains up to 10 percent larger than children of the same age
without autism.
Now a follow-up study by UNC researchers has found that the children who
had enlarged brains at age 2 continued to have enlarged brains at
ages 4 and 5, but the amount of the enlargement was to the same degree
found at age 2. This increased brain growth did not continue b... 阅读全帖 |
|
h*****i 发帖数: 809 | 8 你有没有自己独立的neurons?
你的判断就基于粉丝数目?
你头脑里那些到底是neurons还是过桥米线阿? |
|
k****z 发帖数: 1863 | 9 Yan, SD, Yan, S-F., Chen, X., Fu, J., Chen, M., Kuppusamy, P., Smith, M.A.,
Perry., G., Godman,G.C., Nawroth, P., Zweier, J.L., and Stern, D. Non-
enzymatically glycated tau in Alzheimer’s disease induces neuronal oxidant
stress resulting in cytokine gene expression and release of amyloid ß-
peptide. Nature Medicine, 1(7):693-699, 1995
Yan SD, Chen X, fu J, Chen M, Zhu H, Roher A, Slattery T, Nagashima M,
Morser J, Migheli A, Nawroth P, Goodmand G, Stern D, and Schmidt AM. RAGE in
Alzheimer... 阅读全帖 |
|
k****z 发帖数: 1863 | 10 他妈怎么把它生出来的?
Yan, SD, Yan, S-F., Chen, X., Fu, J., Chen, M., Kuppusamy, P., Smith, M.A.,
Perry., G., Godman,G.C., Nawroth, P., Zweier, J.L., and Stern, D. Non-
enzymatically glycated tau in Alzheimer’s disease induces neuronal oxidant
stress resulting in cytokine gene expression and release of amyloid ß-
peptide. Nature Medicine, 1(7):693-699, 1995
Yan SD, Chen X, fu J, Chen M, Zhu H, Roher A, Slattery T, Nagashima M,
Morser J, Migheli A, Nawroth P, Goodmand G, Stern D, and Schmidt AM. RAGE ... 阅读全帖 |
|
k****z 发帖数: 1863 | 11 发信人: pangduer (白飞飞), 信区: WaterWorld
标 题: Re: 傅瑾教授:已经把在哥大的学习经历说明和学位证书复印件提
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Mon Jul 23 14:03:45 2012, 美东)
对,这篇1997年的nature paper,列在第一位的yan shidu其实是唯一的通讯作者,列
在最后一位的本该是通讯作者的David Stern其实就是当时部门里的大牛。估计情况就
是David Stern是大老板,但是对这个project其实没啥贡献,然后是作为通讯作者的
Yan shidu是小老板,带领Fu Jin等一干人做出来的,才会有这样奇怪的authorship。
这样看来,Fu JIn实质上是真正干活的第一作者,凭这样一篇nature paper获得博士
也就没啥稀奇的了。Fu Jin是1999年拿的博士,1997年的paper正好对景。
凭什么方肘子要看学位证明人家就亮给这个傻逼看啊。他家菊花不是都拒绝出示学位证
明吗?人家Fu Jin教授把学位亮给学校看就好了,气死方教主及其教徒们!
Yan, SD, Yan, S-F., C... 阅读全帖 |
|
k****z 发帖数: 1863 | 12 Yan, SD, Yan, S-F., Chen, X., Fu, J., Chen, M., Kuppusamy, P., Smith, M.A.,
Perry., G., Godman,G.C., Nawroth, P., Zweier, J.L., and Stern, D. Non-
enzymatically glycated tau in Alzheimer’s disease induces neuronal oxidant
stress resulting in cytokine gene expression and release of amyloid ß-
peptide. Nature Medicine, 1(7):693-699, 1995
Yan SD, Chen X, fu J, Chen M, Zhu H, Roher A, Slattery T, Nagashima M,
Morser J, Migheli A, Nawroth P, Goodmand G, Stern D, and Schmidt AM. RAGE in
Alzheimer... 阅读全帖 |
|
t******3 发帖数: 4053 | 13 这个SD Yan就是傅瑾做research associate的小老板,也是一个福建医学院的医学本科
生,假冒MD---别给我说MD这里的意思是医生,英文中“医生”另有一个专用词
Physician。若自称Doctor xxx就是指有医学博士(MD)学位的医生,没有MD学位就只
能自称Physician。
这位SD Yan明显没有美国MD学位,虽然她自称received her M.D. from Fujian
Medical University in 1983,但我们都知道,1983年时中国福建医学院根本不能授医
学博士学位,她得到的只能是医学士(MB)学位。她若诚实,就应该跟饶毅一样,老老
实实自称MB。
可能她自己也知道她这个MD是faked,所以,在她现在的faculty个人网页上,她无法象
其他美国人一样列出获得M.D.学位的学校和年代,这一栏空白。但为了能够自称Dr.
Yan,她只好在下面的文字介绍中含糊自称received her M.D. from Fujian Medical
University in 1983。。。这就是中国假MD的悲哀。
其实Yan的研究做得不... 阅读全帖 |
|
c*********l 发帖数: 3438 | 14 【 以下文字转载自 SanFrancisco 讨论区 】
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:27:01 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: Biology
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生ZZ
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:24:37 2013, 美东)
诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生
楼主:bxdfhbh 时间:2013-10-09 22:57:00 点击:3363 回复:32
新浪微博有人爆料,诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了中国原配找美国老头的中国
裔女留学生:
@walnut姐姐:他Lp和她的前lg是国内大学同学双飞,后来俩人经过奋斗成为某校ap
,那时她的前lg给她挂了很多文章。后来她搭上了sudhof,离婚又结婚又生女,然后就迅... 阅读全帖 |
|
q******s 发帖数: 7469 | 15 【 以下文字转载自 WaterWorld 讨论区 】
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: WaterWorld
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:24:52 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: Biology
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生ZZ
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:24:37 2013, 美东)
诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生
楼主:bxdfhbh 时间:2013-10-09 22:57:00 点击:3363 回复:32
新浪微博有人爆料,诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了中国原配找美国老头的中国
裔女留学生:
@walnut姐姐:他Lp和她的前lg是国内大学同学双飞,后来俩人经过奋斗成为某校ap
,那时她的前lg给她挂了很多文章。后来她搭上了sudhof,离婚又结婚又生女,然后就迅
速得了... 阅读全帖 |
|
u*******2 发帖数: 287 | 16 Virus needs to invade cells to replicate. The rabies virus can attach to the
Ach(acetylcholine) receptor, which mostly locate on neuron axons. The virus
then enters neurons and spreads via the peripheral nervous system and
eventually reach CNS. It's the severe brain inflammation that tortures the
host to death. |
|
c***c 发帖数: 21374 | 17 这篇通俗易懂
http://www.economist.com/news/briefing/21650526-artificial-inte
In the past few years, however, the remarkable number-crunching power of
chips developed for the demanding job of drawing video-game graphics has
revived interest. Early neural networks were limited to dozens or hundreds
of neurons, usually organised as a single layer. The latest, used by the
likes of Google, can simulate billions. With that many ersatz neurons
available, researchers can afford to take another cue from the br... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 18 【Filariasis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Filariasis
Life cycle of Wuchereria bancrofti, a parasite that causes filariasis
Classification and external resources
Specialty Infectious disease
ICD-10 B74
ICD-9-CM 125.0-125.9
Patient UK Filariasis
MeSH D005368
[edit on Wikidata]
Filariasis is a parasitic disease caused by an infection with roundworms of
the Filarioidea type.[1] These are spread by blood-feeding black flies and
mosquitoes. This disease belongs to the group of d... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 19 12月27日 为什么我要替中国辩护
我要替中国辩护,并不是因为我是一个中国人,而是因为我知道中国就和这世界上绝大
数的国家一样,虽然有很多丑陋的现象,但是他们是受害者。就
象这个犯罪集团里很多的人一样,他们来自各种种族,他们可能充当了工具,但他们不
是制造这一切,谋划这一切的人。虽然经常会暴露中国产品出现问题。但要知道中国是
世界工厂,他们只是打工者,他们只是按照各种雇主提供的配方来生产,他们并不知道
他们会产生怎样的后果。或者这些工人知道后果,但他们只是奴隶,他们又如何去改变
这一切? 所以,当我的调查不断往前推进的时候,不可避免地会涉及各国的企业,但
这并不表明是针对这个国家或这个国家的人民,而是针对一种社会现实和丑陋现象。就
拿菲律宾来说,菲律宾是一个犯罪猖獗的国家,有很多犯罪分子,但是菲律宾人民却是
这个集团的受害者,他们/她们被绑架,沦为了牺牲品,人体实验对象。一个日本人,
强奸上千名菲律宾女孩,却没有受到惩罚。以前我也提到过,有20个国家的名单,这20
个国家的人民其实都是受害者。现在他们把矛头对准中国,或许仅仅是因为我揭示了他
们图害世界人民的内幕,而我是一个中国人的缘... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 20 12月27日 为什么我要替中国辩护
我要替中国辩护,并不是因为我是一个中国人,而是因为我知道中国就和这世界上绝大
数的国家一样,虽然有很多丑陋的现象,但是他们是受害者。就
象这个犯罪集团里很多的人一样,他们来自各种种族,他们可能充当了工具,但他们不
是制造这一切,谋划这一切的人。虽然经常会暴露中国产品出现问题。但要知道中国是
世界工厂,他们只是打工者,他们只是按照各种雇主提供的配方来生产,他们并不知道
他们会产生怎样的后果。或者这些工人知道后果,但他们只是奴隶,他们又如何去改变
这一切? 所以,当我的调查不断往前推进的时候,不可避免地会涉及各国的企业,但
这并不表明是针对这个国家或这个国家的人民,而是针对一种社会现实和丑陋现象。就
拿菲律宾来说,菲律宾是一个犯罪猖獗的国家,有很多犯罪分子,但是菲律宾人民却是
这个集团的受害者,他们/她们被绑架,沦为了牺牲品,人体实验对象。一个日本人,
强奸上千名菲律宾女孩,却没有受到惩罚。以前我也提到过,有20个国家的名单,这20
个国家的人民其实都是受害者。现在他们把矛头对准中国,或许仅仅是因为我揭示了他
们图害世界人民的内幕,而我是一个中国人的缘... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 21 12月28日 仔细阅读以下文章
或许这些文章可以告诉你们孩子被伤害病毒的答案。
Astellas Pharma 应该和这些人体实验有莫大的关系!
Founded 2005; 11 years ago
Headquarters 2-5-1, Nihonbashi-Honcho, Chūō-ku, Tokyo 103-8411, Japan
Key people Yoshihiko Katakana
(President and CEO)
Filariasis
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Filariasis
Life cycle of Wuchereria bancrofti, a parasite that causes filariasis
Classification and external resources
Specialty Infectious disease
ICD-10 B74
ICD-9-CM 125.0-125.9
Patient UK Filariasis
MeSH ... 阅读全帖 |
|
g***j 发帖数: 40861 | 22 他发表在国际期刊的科研论文有“Protective effect of XY99-5038 on hydrogen
peroxide induced cell death in cultured retinal neurons”(Life Sciences
2001 69:289–299), "XY99-5038 PROMOTES LONG-TERM SURVIVAL OF CULTURED
RETINAL NEURONS"(International Journal of Neuroscience, 112:1209–1227,
2002)等。 |
|
l******e 发帖数: 134 | 23 人当时应该就死了。这个所谓的“腿动”是头部遭枪击,拳击后decerebrate
posturing/extensor rigidity反射动作。正常情况下Upper motor neuron 对 lower
motor neuron是有抑制调节作用的,当UMN damage的时候(比如头部遭枪击,拳击),
UMN对LMN的抑制性调节丧失,在lower extremity就表现出你看到的伸腿动作,因为在
lower extremity, extensor > flexor |
|
x****6 发帖数: 4339 | 24 扯JB蛋,看看已经入职西湖的人才,并不比叔的水平高
1.Lei, K.†, Vu H., Mohan R., McKinney S., Seidel C., Alexander R.,
Gotting K., Workman J., Sánchez Alvarado A.† (2016) Egf signaling
directs neoblast repopulation by regulating asymmetric cell division in
planarians. Developmental Cell. 38(4):413-29. († co-corresponding
anthors)
2.Davies, E.,Lei, K., Seidel, C., Kroesen, A., McKinney, S., Guo, L., Robb S
., Ross, E., Gotting, K., Sánchez Alvarado, A. (2017) Embryonic origin of
adult stem cells required... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 25 But a report in STAT News today (September 1) reveals that a Wayne State
researcher by the name of Zhuo-Hua Pan actually got optogenetics to work
first.
The method works by introducing channelrhodopsin into cells; activating the
light-sensitive molecule alters the activity of the cell. “In August 2004,
Boyden shined light on a brain neuron in a dish and recorded electrical
activity from the channelrhodopsin,” STAT reported. “Pan had done the same
thing with retina neurons six months earlier. But... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 26 当人家Hinton老爷子几十年如一日的坚持神经网络的时候,也没看这些人跟着坚持。那
时候各个
都是SVM,kernel专家,等到deep learning 突然火了,一个个都想来分一杯,于是瞬
间就多了
那么多deep learning 专家。
如果中国科学家不改变这种跟风,赶潮流的态度,恐怕离科技强国还有很遥远的距离。
中国总是不缺乏获得自然科学一等奖却被发现什么鸟东西都不是的院士,和拿了诺贝尔
奖然而凭
不上院士的科学家。一个可以靠数数(论文)来评奖的体系,如何能期望鼓励产出原始创
新。
看他的论文,3-4年前还没有开始做deep learning,真正开始做deep learning来应用
到CV也就是
近2-3年的事情,2015年已经灌了101篇已发表论文了。就算说手底下有众多硕士博士,
但这
个频率也是够令人震惊(2天一篇?),估计邮箱里光论文发表的相关邮件就能把他忙死吧
,还有什
么时间来研究deep learning?如果这都是2-3年就是专家,那专家的成本也未免太低
了点。
抛开民族仇恨不谈,中国的这些科学工作者真该向日本的科学家学习学习,能够耐的住
寂寞,
做些正真的... 阅读全帖 |
|
d*********e 发帖数: 1194 | 27 The consensus of scientific community:
We roughly know how neuron works. We roughly know how human brain works. But
there is a vast void between our understanding of simple neural
substructures and of the brain (which is made of 100 billion neurons). Until
new theories fill in the gap, it is difficult to design AI mimicking human
cognition. |
|
k*****e 发帖数: 22013 | 28 转载
http://bbs.virology.com.cn/thread-21400-1-1.html
大脑的神经传导物质5-羟色胺(5-hydroxytryptamine,5HT)是个很关键的东西,
经常用来做anti-depressed药物,所以一般抑郁症患者会缺乏5HT
然后,万恶的科学家(饶毅)就把合成5HT的酶从小鼠的基因里敲出了。这个可怜
的小鼠就变gay鸟!!同时对待female和male,它对female视而不见,坚定的跟在
male后面跑,还英勇的冲上去爆菊了!!(原文还有个video,,,看的姐都羞涩
了。。。)
然后,万恶的科学家又给直接向大脑里注射了5-HT,这可怜的小鼠又被掰直了!!
!又放弃男鼠追着女鼠跑了!!!还有英勇的去mate了!!
(矮油这个居然也有video。。。。太不和谐鸟!!!
至此说明5HT对sexual preference至少对male mice性取向起了很大的作用!!!
这个文章发表在nature)
pubmed上的摘要
Nature. 2011 Apr 7;472(7341):95-9. Epub 2011 Mar 23.
Molec... 阅读全帖 |
|
l**z 发帖数: 204 | 29 16 journal papers and 33 abstracts ---
PUBLICATIONS, ABSTRACTS, & PRESENTATIONS
Publications
Anderson, L. B., Anderson P. B., Anderson T. B., Bishop A., Anderson J.,
Effects of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors on motor neuron survival
(2009) International Journal of General Medicine. In press
Bishop A., Green-Hobbs K., Eguchi A., Pennie C., Anderson J.E., Estévez A.
Differential sensitivity of oligodendrocytes and motor neurons to reactive
nitrogen species: a new paradigm for the etiology |
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L***s 发帖数: 9258 | 30 【 以下文字转载自 Returnee 讨论区 】
发信人: oceaneyes (oceaneyes), 信区: Returnee
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 13:54:54 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:27:01 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: Biology
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生ZZ
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:24:37 2013, 美东)
诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生
楼主:bxdfhbh 时间:2013-10-09 22:57:00 点击:3363 回复:32
新浪微博有人爆料... 阅读全帖 |
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L***s 发帖数: 9258 | 31 【 以下文字转载自 Returnee 讨论区 】
发信人: oceaneyes (oceaneyes), 信区: Returnee
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 13:54:54 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: SanFrancisco
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学(转载)
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:27:01 2013, 美东)
发信人: honde (宏德之坚韧不拔), 信区: Biology
标 题: 诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生ZZ
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Oct 10 12:24:37 2013, 美东)
诺贝尔奖获得者Sudhof老婆是踹了原配找美国老头的中国裔女留学生
楼主:bxdfhbh 时间:2013-10-09 22:57:00 点击:3363 回复:32
新浪微博有人爆料... 阅读全帖 |
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C***t 发帖数: 915 | 32 我也一直是这么看的,我觉得数学好的人,是真正的聪明人,可能有些人觉得这么说很
武断。我的第一个薄厚导师,就是隔壁讨论的NYU Courant的,做computational
neuroscience。很多人错误的认为computational neuroscience is to make computer
models for neurons。远远不止这些。你如果只是simulate neuron behavior的话,
你以为你了解它,其实不是真正的了解。这个老师每次看到一个神经系统,他眼里看见
的东西和我是不一样的。他真的是能用数学公式和理论来解释出这种behavior的本质(
注:这个本质不是Na K channel这些,比这还要基础)。
我那时也只是整天抱怨的千老一个,很后悔没抓紧机会把他的本事多学一些来。 |
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c*******0 发帖数: 190 | 33 最近跟办公室信基督的大叔聊到唯物唯心这个话题,无意间想到这个问题: 按照我们所
接受的马克思唯物主义教育,物质是世间万物的基础,包括我们的思维和思想。不过有
一个问题楼主百思不得其解,上网翻了一些资料也没有找到系统、靠谱的研究,就是“
thinking”这个action到底是如何被启动的?当然神经生物学、影像学、心理学都证明
了人思考的时候大脑神经元是有规律放电行为的,基于此甚至还能预判某些人类行为。
但是问题是,这一切的源头在哪?我们可以在有意识的状态下无限制地“想”任何事,
而且我们每个人都经历过在完全平静的情况下,无外界刺激,不带任何前提的某个想法
突然“jump into our mind”,那么,如果这一切的基础都是神经元,最初的那个神经
元放电活动是如何被选择和启动的呢?在“thinking”或者"thought"产生之前,大脑
发生了什么?是不是“mind”作为一种未发现的力或者场存在?其能否被检测到甚至量
化?这种“力”或者“场”是否只能控制本体的neuron?更进一步,其是不是有潜能控
制身体的其他细胞或者就近个体的neuron?一些唯心主义者认为,存在某种free ... 阅读全帖 |
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H****y 发帖数: 2992 | 34 首先,我对你原帖里的很多理论都持保留意见,但是说起来就长了。如果你就是想知道
“这第一个动作电位是怎么被启动的”,我的理解可能是这两点:1)spontaneous, 2)
stochastic的性质。
第一个说的就是,很多peripheral nerves,比如听觉神经,在没有任何声音的情况下
,会有自发的电行为,从而导致整个神经系统的很多神经元(但不是全部)都有这种自
发行为。
第二个说的是,各种neuron的电信号不是完全deterministic的。也就是说,哪怕你严
格控制外部的sensory input,neuron们的反应也有很多stochastic property。这个表
面上看来是与信号无关的noise,但后来人们研究发现,stochastic 的存在是利大于弊。
尤其是当你考虑一个巨大的神经网络的时候,如果网络到处都存在上述两点的话,是不
需要有一个“第一启动电位”的。 |
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J***b 发帖数: 76 | 35 A junior and a senior postdoctoral fellows are required to study synaptic
transmission/plasticity and addiction in the laboratories of Drs. Dorit Ron
and Jun Wang at the Gallo Research Center and the University of California,
San Francisco.
Research in the labs uses state-of-the-art technologies, including patch-
clamp recording from genetically identified neurons using transgenic animals
, dual-channel optogenetics, viral-mediated regulation of specific genes,
analysis of structural plasticity ... 阅读全帖 |
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发帖数: 1 | 36 Postdoctoral Positions Available
Two postdoctoral positions are immediately available for studies in
neurophysiology focusing on the role of voltage-gated potassium channels in
regulating hippocampal circuit development and function. The candidate will
be working with a team of highly interactive electrophysiologists and
molecular biologists at the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institutes of
Child Health and Human Development (NICHD), National Institues of Health (
NIH).
Skills and Qualifica... 阅读全帖 |
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p***u 发帖数: 9 | 37 李斐,儿科学博士,主任医师,教授,博士生导师,上海市“曙光”学者,上海市优秀
学术带头人,中华医学会儿科分会发育行为学组青年学组常务副组长。上海交通大学医
学院附属新华医院发育行为儿童保健科行政副主任,教育部上海市儿童环境与健康重点
实验室副主任,复旦大学类脑-人工智能研究院特聘教授,华东师范大学特聘教授(教
育部脑功能基因组学重点实验室Co-PI/心理与认知科学学院特聘教授)。2008年~2010
年,先后获得上海市“浦江人才”、上海市“科技启明星”等称号。2011年,被卫生部
和共青团中央授予“青年岗位能手”称号。2012年,获得国家自然科学基金首批“优秀
青年”人才计划。2014年,获上海市教育委员会“曙光”人才计划资助,破格晋升为博
士生导师;2015年,晋升主任医师。2016年,获上海市优秀学术带头人称号,上海市首
届临床创新“医树奖”。
李斐课题组基于模式动物、临床疾病队列,围绕发育行为儿科常见病(如自闭症、多动
症),从多角度多层次开展疾病相关的病因学、诊疗学和预防学研究;同时,课题组与
心理学专家、精神病学专家和统计学专家合作,基于社区来源的人群精神卫生相关的大
样本队... 阅读全帖 |
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N*******3 发帖数: 625 | 38 Drinking Beer Might Save Your Brain Cells From Damage
Posted: 29/01/2015 13:26 IST Updated: 29/01/2015 13:26 IST
Love wine for its bouquet of health benefits? Try some beer too. According
to researchers, a beer compound can protect brain cells from damage.
It can also potentially slow the development of disorders such as Alzheimer'
s and Parkinson's diseases.
For this, Jianguo Fang from Lanzhou University's school of chemistry and
colleagues found that one compound found in hops called ... 阅读全帖 |
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f******I 发帖数: 769 | 39
have
was
clear
understands your frustration but it will cost you lots of money especially
he is uninsured with pre-existing ocndition,
does he have any trouble control his bladder or bowel movement? i guess i'm
trying to figure out if he has incontient problems, from very limited
information you provided, the differentials are very wide, from stroke to
cervical spinal cord disease to even GBS,
would be nice to know if it's upper neuron or lower neuron, simple way it to
test is to see if his ref |
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g****h 发帖数: 99 | 40 Thank you so much for your attention and insights!
My father could not pee for a whole day on Jan. 5th and since then he has
been using Dao Niao Guan. I do not know whether he has incontinent problem
or not. I will ask my mom to ask the doctor to check with his reflex and
find out if it is upper neuron or lower neuron problem. My mother told me
that his thumbs seem thrinked.
I also suspect whether it has something to do with his arthritis. He thought
he was getting better, so moved to a cheaper |
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c********e 发帖数: 496 | 41 roughly the nerve system does not possess the ability of regeneration.
but it depends,
if the damage is neuron, it will last forever, that means no cure.
if the damage is in the nerve fiber, neuron is intact, then you have good
chance to restore the function of the nerve. |
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l*h 发帖数: 4124 | 42 no one in the public knows what exact disease Stephen Hawking has. neither
he himself nor his physicians discussed his diagnosis in the media. on the
other hand, he discussed how he coped with the disease without saying what
it actually was. even though the general public speculates it is ALS, the
course doesn't fit.
if the patient you referred to really has ALS, the prognosis is bleak. the
median survival is about 3 years. there is not much you can do except for
support therapies. riluzole is a... 阅读全帖 |
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a**********2 发帖数: 3726 | 43 Intestinal neuronal dysplasia — Intestinal neuronal dysplasia (IND) is a
pattern of histologic abnormalities in rectal suction biopsies among infants
or older children with chronic constipation. The clinical significance of
the findings are unclear and controversial [42]. Features include
hyperganglionosis, in which the ganglia are giant or ectopic, and increased
acetylcholinesterase staining [42,43]. Similar changes may be seen proximal
to the aganglionic segment in Hirschsprung disease. There ... 阅读全帖 |
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p********y 发帖数: 146 | 44 从心理学和脑功能角度来说,双语儿童更聪明
最近一期neuron上有篇综述讲儿童语言发展和大脑发育的综述
Brain Mechanisms in Early Language Acquisition
Kuhl,P
Neuron, Volume 67, Issue 5, 713-727, 9 September 2010 |
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s*****r 发帖数: 1032 | 45 Well, the 10-20% brain usage is a myth to me too. My problem is that I can'
t seem to find a good way to quantify the brain usage. The brain works in
network, so it's the number of connections not the number of neurons that
represents better in terms of brain usage. But even if we know how many
connections a human brain has, it is still hard to figure out that when the
maximal brain usage is achieved, how many connections there are. It
certainly is not a fully connected neuron network.
And f... 阅读全帖 |
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u*****a 发帖数: 6276 | 46 Neuroscience is a branch of biology dedicated to studying how the brain
works by focusing on the nervous system and neural networks of humans, in
particular, the neurons and their processes. Scientists have found out that
(1) some brain functions are mainly localized in specific regions of the
brain (“localization”); (2) a region necessary to a particular class of
behaviors/cognition does not mean that it is not involved in other brain
functions or that other brain regions do not contribute to ... 阅读全帖 |
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t******l 发帖数: 10908 | 47 所以从这个角度,“构建式教育” 虽然有其理论缺陷,但可以提出了一个假说,也就
是对大部分普通娃而言(GT 班从小 think like adult 的不算,指一转身就在茫茫人
海里不见踪影的普通娃),即使做 AMC-AIME 几何题这种,可能并不是首先 driven by
mathematical logics,而是首先 driven by "object permanence" and "theory of
mind", which may connect to mirror neuron system hypothesis.
neuron
animal |
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t******l 发帖数: 10908 | 48 问题是为啥会这样。
我觉得有争议的说,如果用 “mirror-neuron => object-permanence hypothesis”
的话,这个可能不是 psychological effect,这个可能是 biological effect。或者
这么说 hypothesis:
假说是:在大脑的 neuro-substrate 层面处理 object-permanence 的过程中,在
object-permanence 的 “因” 和 “果” 之间,mostly 不是 brain white matter
的 direct connection,mostly 可能是一系列 mirror-neuron firing 的 indirect
connection。
如果对上面这个打个比方,就好比是 “CAT 5e 网线直联” vs “Cisco 路由器击鼓传
花 TCP/IP 包”。 |
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t******l 发帖数: 10908 | 49 另外我的初衷是终于可以金盆洗手了,发一个金盆洗手前的感言。
当然感言到半途冒出很多新看法,这个感言拖得确实有点长。
不过这个 “mirror-neuron object-permanence hypothesis” 应该可以收尾了。我目
测不可能能出更多幺蛾子了。都下到 mirror-neuron 之 Cisco 路由器这种 neuro-
substrate 的 hypothesis 的 TCP/IP 底层构件了。 |
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t******l 发帖数: 10908 | 50 如果这个假说是正确的,那么整个 theory-of-mind 的 test 都可能有问题。
因为如果 core difference 是 "mirror-neuron-like" vs "directly-white-matter-
connection-like" 的话,所有基于 deductive logic 的 theory-of-mind 的 test 都
有可能被 Aspergers 给 circumvent。因为纯理论而言,Aspergers 有可能可以使用
sophisticated deductive logics (你知道我知道天外飞仙想知道) to work it our
by the fashion of strictly deductive.
那样的话,只有一个 "non-deterministic intuitive" logic in constant changing
setup 才有可能测试出来,neuro-typical person 应该 more intuitive (因为更多
的 "mirror-neuron-like"),hence highe... 阅读全帖 |
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