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J Neuroimmune Pharmacol. 2008 Sep;3(3):143-9. Epub 2007 Dec 4.
Potentiation of HIV-1 expression in microglial cells by nicotine:
involvement of transforming growth factor-beta 1.
Rock RB1, Gekker G, Aravalli RN, Hu S, Sheng WS, Peterson PK.
Abstract
HIV-1 infection and nicotine addiction are global public health crises. In
the central nervous system, HIV-1 causes a devastating neurodegenerative
disease. It is well recognized that microglial cells play a pivotal role in
the neuropathogenesis of HIV-1 and that drugs of abuse not only contribute
to the spread of this agent but may facilitate viral expression in these
brain macrophages. Nicotine has been shown to stimulate the production of
HIV-1 by in vitro-infected alveolar macrophages, and the HIV-1 protein gp120
binds to nicotinic receptors. In this study, we demonstrated the
constitutive expression of nicotinic acetylcholine receptor mRNA in primary
human microglial cells and showed that the pretreatment of microglia with
nicotine increased HIV-1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner, as
measured by p24 antigen levels in culture supernatants. We also found that
nicotine robustly altered the gene expression profile of HIV-1-infected
microglia and that the transforming growth factor-beta1 is involved in the
enhanced expression of HIV-1 by nicotine.
PMID: 18060582 [PubMed - indexed for MEDLINE] |
