u****n
发帖数: 7521 | 1 India has no middle class?
Rukmini Shrinivasan, TNN, May 6, 2010, 04.16am IST
http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-has-no-middle-class/articleshow/5895989.cms
NEW DELHI: Could the Great Indian Middle Class be the Great Indian Mythical
Class? A proposed new international definition of what constitutes the
middle class in a developing country has thrown up a startling conclusion by
global standards, India has no middle class.
Noted economist Nancy Birdsall, president of the Center for Global
Development, has proposed a new definition of the middle class for
developing countries in a forthcoming World Bank publication, Equity in a
Globalizing World. Birdsall defines the middle class in the developing world
to include people with an income above $10 day, but excluding the top 5% of
that country. By this definition, India even urban India alone has no
middle class; everyone at over $10 a day is in the top 5% of the country.
This is a combination both of the depth of India's poverty and its
inequality. China had no middle class in 1990, but by 2005, had a small
urban middle class (3% of the population). South Africa (7%), Russia (30%)
and Brazil (19%) all had sizable middle classes in 2005.
While many economists have in the past as well attempted to define the
middle class, Birdsall puts into monetary terms the broader concept of what
a middle class really is, as opposed to merely counting the middle third of
a country. In socio-political terms, the middle class is traditionally that
segment of society with a degree of economic security that allows it to
uphold the rule of law, invest and desire stability. They do not, unlike
those defined as rich, depend on inheritances or other non-productive
sources of income.
Birdsall argues that while the equivalent of $10 per day in 2005 as a lower
limit is on the low side by the standards of industrialized countries,
somewhere around $10 a day per person household members are able to care
about and save for the future and to have aspirations for a better life for
themselves as well as their children because they feel reasonably secure
economically.
OECD countries define their poverty lines as 50% of median income which
works out in Purchasing Power Parity (PPP) terms to about $30 day. In US the
poverty line for a single individual in 2008 was $29 per day and for each
individual in a four-person household was about $14 per day.
However, people in developing countries living on even $10 a day still have
extremely low social indicators. Economist Lant Pritchett has shown that
infant mortality of households in the richest quintile in Bolivia was 32 and
Ghana 58 per 1,000. Fewer than 25% of people in the richest quintile in
India complete 9 grades of school, Pritchett showed. "An upper limit of the
95th percentile, while on the high side, is just about sufficient to exclude
the countrys richest," Birdsall adds. | u****n
发帖数: 7521 | 2 Birdsall defines the middle class in the developing world to include people
with an income above $10 day, but excluding the top 5% of that country. By
this definition, India even urban India alone has no
middle class; everyone at over $10 a day is in the top 5% of the country.
印度每天赚10美元的认已经是top 5%的人了，所以印度没有中产阶级。 | w****j
发帖数: 5581 | 3 夏业良教授泪流满面。
Mythical
by
【在 u****n 的大作中提到】
: India has no middle class?
: Rukmini Shrinivasan, TNN, May 6, 2010, 04.16am IST
: http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-has-no-middle-class/articleshow/5895989.cms
: NEW DELHI: Could the Great Indian Middle Class be the Great Indian Mythical
: Class? A proposed new international definition of what constitutes the
: middle class in a developing country has thrown up a startling conclusion by
: global standards, India has no middle class.
: Noted economist Nancy Birdsall, president of the Center for Global
: Development, has proposed a new definition of the middle class for
: developing countries in a forthcoming World Bank publication, Equity in a
| r*******1
发帖数: 1183 | | c*********k
发帖数: 4747 | 5 富士康民工泪流满面...
【在 r*******1 的大作中提到】
: 一天10刀中产阶级？
| g*q
发帖数: 26623 | | u****n
发帖数: 7521 | 7 一天10刀就算中产阶级了，这是对发展中国家中产阶级的新的定义。
印度95％的人生活在一天10刀之下。
【在 r*******1 的大作中提到】
: 一天10刀中产阶级？
| u****n
发帖数: 7521 | 8 他们那怎么能跟小资一样有星期天？！
【在 g*q 的大作中提到】
: 一天10刀, 算不算休息日？
| b*****e
发帖数: 5476 | | O******n
发帖数: 1505 | 10 也就是说2005年中国一共有8%的人每天挣钱超过10刀？
不知道现在是多少。我猜1/4
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【在 u****n 的大作中提到】
: India has no middle class?
: Rukmini Shrinivasan, TNN, May 6, 2010, 04.16am IST
: http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/India-has-no-middle-class/articleshow/5895989.cms
: NEW DELHI: Could the Great Indian Middle Class be the Great Indian Mythical
: Class? A proposed new international definition of what constitutes the
: middle class in a developing country has thrown up a startling conclusion by
: global standards, India has no middle class.
: Noted economist Nancy Birdsall, president of the Center for Global
: Development, has proposed a new definition of the middle class for
: developing countries in a forthcoming World Bank publication, Equity in a
| W*F
发帖数: 3941 | 11 按照文中定义，月纯收入2000元的都是中产，
个人觉得在中国应该是5000元 | s*****k
发帖数: 2297 | |
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