j***y 发帖数: 2074 | 1 This weakening of Tokugawa authority was at the same time fatally
damaging to the samurai military tradition. The stalemate forced
by Choshu demonstrated to the Shogunate the urgent necessity of
accelerating their military reforms. The existing system still
relied heavily on levies of vassal samurai, slow to mobilise and
difficult to coordinate. In 1867, the Tokugawa embarked on a new
programme of reform which envisaged a cadre of foreign-trained
officers and men supplemented by an embryo conscr |
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