B********4
发帖数: 7156 | 1 这个问题我也迷糊了很久，查了不少资料，但还不是100%有把握。希望学统计的来指正
一下。
p-value是说在零假设（H0)之下出现看到该情况或者更极端情况的概率，也就是假设硬
币是fair的，抛6次出现5个head或者6个head的概率。因为我们考虑对称性，所以还要
考虑到1个head或者0个head的情况。楼主的p-value计算是对的。
significance level α只是预先设定的一个判定p-value的阈值（即多小的概率算小概
率事件），如果p<=α，我们认为零假设不对(因为在H0之下居然观察到了一个小概率事
件，肯定假设H0有问题）。反之，如果p>α,我们接受零假设H0。
根据wikipedia "given the availability of a hypothesis testing procedure that
can test the null hypothesis θ = θ0 against the alternative that θ ≠ θ
0 for any value of θ0, then a confidence interval with... 阅读全帖 |
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B********4
发帖数: 7156 | 2 这个问题我也迷糊了很久，查了不少资料，但还不是100%有把握。希望学统计的来指正
一下。
p-value是说在零假设（H0)之下出现看到该情况或者更极端情况的概率，也就是假设硬
币是fair的，抛6次出现5个head或者6个head的概率。因为我们考虑对称性，所以还要
考虑到1个head或者0个head的情况。楼主的p-value计算是对的。
significance level α只是预先设定的一个判定p-value的阈值（即多小的概率算小概
率事件），如果p<=α，我们认为零假设不对(因为在H0之下居然观察到了一个小概率事
件，肯定假设H0有问题）。反之，如果p>α,我们接受零假设H0。
根据wikipedia "given the availability of a hypothesis testing procedure that
can test the null hypothesis θ = θ0 against the alternative that θ ≠ θ
0 for any value of θ0, then a confidence interval with... 阅读全帖 |
|
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f**********4
发帖数: 2617 | 4 "匈奴人的一部跑到了芬兰，成了现在的芬兰人"
Nonsense...
Linguisticly: Uralic - Finnic - Finnish, Uralic - Hungarian. So Hungarian is
similar to Finnish, but not too much. The closest and not too rare language
to Finnish is Estonian: Uralic - Finnic - Estonian.
Uralic language were spoken mostly among the tribes living in the very
northern part of Europe and Asia. Xiongnu, and the Huns, are nomadic peoples
living southerner to them. If there is a hypothesis about European
descending from Xiongnu, that would be the "X... 阅读全帖 |
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l***o
发帖数: 2017 | 5 One proposal of the Egyptian Theory is that the ruling class of early
ancient Egypt had Y-DNA haplotype Q, so were ruling classes of Shang and
Zhou.If the above hypothesis were true, your objection is moot.
So far, there is no evidence to the contrary. This hypothesis is in fact
easy to test, if the governments of Egypt and China are willing to cooperate
... |
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y*******g
发帖数: 6599 | 6 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Evolution_of_the_horse
Pleistocene extinctions
Digs in western Canada have unearthed clear evidence horses existed in North
America until about 12,000 years ago.[29] However, all Equidae in North
America ultimately became extinct. The causes of this extinction (
simultaneous with the extinctions of a variety of other American megafauna)
have been a matter of debate. Given the suddenness of the event and because
these mammals had been flourishing for millions of years... 阅读全帖 |
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g******t
发帖数: 18158 | 7 paper在这里：
http://www.plosone.org/article/info%3Adoi%2F10.1371%2Fjournal.p
The Role of Inbreeding in the Extinction of a European Royal Dynasty
Gonzalo Alvarez mail, Francisco C. Ceballos, Celsa Quinteiro
Abstract
The kings of the Spanish Habsburg dynasty (1516–1700) frequently married
close relatives in such a way that uncle-niece, first cousins and other
consanguineous unions were prevalent in that dynasty. In the historical
literature, it has been suggested that inbreeding was a major cause
re... 阅读全帖 |
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h*i
发帖数: 3446 | 8 犹太人还是随父系的，更别的种族没神马不同。
犹太人拼命要证明犹太人rabi姓的父系基因纯正的事实参见wiki, http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Genetic_studies_of_Jewish_origins
Priestly Families
Cohanim
Nephrologist Dr. Karl Skorecki decided to analyze the Cohanim to see if they
were the descendants of one man, in which case they should have a set of
common genetic markers.
To test this hypothesis, he contacted Dr. Michael Hammer of the University
of Arizona, a researcher in molecular genetics and a pioneer in research on
chromosome.[46] Their article,... 阅读全帖 |
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h*i
发帖数: 3446 | 9 我都说了，这是个Hypothesis.可以研究。
这个Hypothesis，如果属实，可以解释这样一个让很多人困扰的事实：东亚人平均IQ比
白人高，但为何大部分的科学发现和数理理论都是白人作出的。 |
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b*******9
发帖数: 644 | 10 RT
A compromise between earth-expansion and earth-contraction is the "theory of
thermal cycles" by Irish physicist John Joly. He assumed that heat flow
from radioactive decay inside the Earth surpasses the cooling of the Earth's
exterior. Together with British geologist Arthur Holmes, Joly proposed a
hypothesis in which the Earth loses its heat by cyclic periods of expansion.
In their hypothesis, expansion led to cracks and joints in the Earth's
interior, that could fill with magma. This was fol... 阅读全帖 |
|
H****r
发帖数: 33 | 11 当然不如你指桑骂槐来得谦和公正嘛，对不，亲；你的确非常有逻辑，从“看过兄台不
少帖子，觉得兄台是有头脑的人”这个Assumption，给出了“但是这个论坛上，有头脑
和正确逻辑的人不多，我发现哪怕高学历的也有好些逻辑非常浅薄的”这个hypothesis
，还举出本人的怀疑加以夸大来证明你的hypothesis是有多么的英明神武，哈哈 |
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W******o
发帖数: 480 | 12 这个hypothesis testing最重要的就是决定啥是null hypothesis， 啥是alternative
。 比如药厂的null必须是药物无效， 然后有充足证据才能推翻null（药物有效）。
无罪推定就是null是无罪， 然后要给出足够的，convincing的证据才能推翻null。在
证据不确定的情况下， benefit of doubt 是给
方这个我个人认为他的null就是有罪。 |
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s***y
发帖数: 357 | 13 方的hypothesis 太多啦。。。
1) 韩寒的父亲代笔写的三重门
2) 韩寒的两篇文章不是一个人写的
3）韩寒公开的信是假的
4）韩寒的复赛作品不是他的
。。。
关键就是每次都是新韩拿出一个事实，方就提出一个新的hypothesis, 这是典型的看着
sample找model. 就像我每天看股票大盘我都能说出一个道理来，其实都是胡扯。。
关于独立事件的问题。。方可不是只看时间戳吧。。他可是从各个角度（个人经历，文
章内容，笔迹，信纸大小）来考虑的，而且说到底，他的P(Fk/a)也没有说是能够很低
的那种。。大部分 也就是10%这个量级。
model
两个值。 |
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y****g
发帖数: 36950 | 14 【 以下文字转载自 WaterWorld 讨论区 】
发信人: yugong (愚公挖坑), 信区: WaterWorld
标 题: Re: 回国几次，发现不少人夸孩子长得好就说长得真像混血儿。
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Oct 24 05:54:32 2012, 美东)
LOL 民科扯淡哪！要是遗传到双方的糟糕基因就要更恐怖了。有白人容易过敏发胖皮肤
癌多毛的基因，有的黄种人的弱点基因什么得肝炎什么的都到那后代身上就搞笑了。
人家培养生物杂交品种是要淘汰毁灭一大批不成功的杂种，留下个别碰巧集合了优秀基
因的下来，然后再和同样优胜劣汰的个体混合，再淘汰再培育很多代才能得到稳定的成
功品种。
人类生孩子能生10个8个然后掐死绝大部分不成功的失败杂种，留下一个成功的优秀杂
种再去找另一个优秀杂种去混合吗？生孩子是赌场roll dice赌博吗？
而本族的血统通过千万年的大区域的地理范围内部混血后自然淘汰已经比较稳定了，所
以本族内部生出来的孩子自然稳定性要好很多，失败的孩子几率要小不少
现在几大人种都是经过了几万年的进化混合出来的稳定品种，但是这几大人种再混合
就有如你拿斑点... 阅读全帖 |
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y**********g
发帖数: 2285 | 15 靠谱吗？
LONDON: Humans are actually hybrids, who emerged as an offspring of a male
pig and a female chimpanzee, according to one of the world's leading
geneticist.
Turning the theory of human ancestry on its head, Dr Eugene McCarthy — one
of the world's leading authorities on hybridization in animals from the
University of Georgia has suggested that humans didn't evolve from just apes
but was a backcross hybrid of a chimpanzee and pigs.
His hypothesis is based on the fact that though humans have ma... 阅读全帖 |
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x******a
发帖数: 6336 | 16 请问null hypothesis和alternative hypothesis都是什么
p-value多大？
34 |
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E*******F
发帖数: 2165 | 17 p-value也太old school了
现在流行的是bayesian
再说p-value只用于hypothesis test
统计学又不光是hypothesis test |
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Y****N
发帖数: 8694 | 18 【 以下文字转载自 Faculty 讨论区 】
发信人: Highly (高妹), 信区: Faculty
标 题: 我为尹希教授做的专访
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Wed Sep 23 14:31:24 2015, 美东)
Interview with Dr. Xi Yin
--- By Fiona Rawsontile, Sept 2015
This interview was inspired by an earlier interview of Dr. Yin I saw on the
Internet, which made me think that we can’t expect someone who normally
writes for entertainment to understand a physicist. To “provoke” a
scientist, we need another scientist. So I volunt... 阅读全帖 |
|
b********n
发帖数: 38600 | 19 Warning, Reasoning Is Low Precision
https://thinkpatriot.wordpress.com/2015/10/02/warning-ideas-are-dangerous/
I expand this disclaimer nearly continuously, this and this as recent
examples. The problem is that human affairs have too many dimensions for
human minds to model. People, especially people we are close to, are an
easier problem.
Our huge advantage over other primates is our superior theory of mind, our
ability to see other’s points of view. Some of us are really good at that,
they can... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 20 In mathematics, the continuum hypothesis (abbreviated CH) is a hypothesis
about the possible sizes of infinite sets. It states:
There is no set whose cardinality is strictly between that of the integers
and the real numbers. |
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T****i
发帖数: 15191 | 21 我在美国读的学位，不是J1。我只是根据一些证据推论的。当然可能不正确。就像科学
家都知道的，"you can never prove a hypothesis. You can only provide evidence
to support a hypothesis. " |
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S*******l
发帖数: 4637 | 22 用现代理解说，就是佛在菩提树下打坐冥想，感官隔绝，诱发幻觉。然后把这种幻觉解
读，等能解到逻辑自洽的地步，就悟了。
创造了一个自洽的世界本源的hypothesis。
好比完成了研究的hypothesis generating阶段。 |
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x****6
发帖数: 4339 | 23 我操，他用的是反证法：证明黎曼猜想不成立的话就有逻辑矛盾，所以成立。
貌似我们中学的时候就学习了这种方法。
Atiyah’s self-described “simple proof” builds on the work of two leading
20th century mathematicians, John von Neumann and Friedrich Hirzebruch. By
combining their insights, and assuming the Riemann hypothesis does not hold,
Atiyah claims to reach a logical contradiction, implying that the
hypothesis must in fact be correct. |
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G****e
发帖数: 1912 | 24 https://www.theepochtimes.com/scientific-puzzles-surrounding-the-wuhan-novel
-coronavirus_3225405.html
Scientific Puzzles Surrounding the Wuhan Novel Coronavirus
BY YUHONG DONG February 3, 2020 Updated: February 6, 2020FONT BFONT SText
size Print
Analysis
The sudden outbreak of the Wuhan Novel Coronavirus (2019-nCoV) has resulted
in all of China’s Hubei Province and three major cities in Zhejiang
Province being subjected to quarantine. Other nations are anxiously trying
to get their people out o... 阅读全帖 |
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i*******e
发帖数: 1047 | 25 中医理论提供了很多hypothesis。不过象你说的一样，hypothesis需要验证。 |
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k*****e
发帖数: 22013 | 26 中医理论的hypothesis是不可证伪的hypothesis
比如说：生病是因为体内阴阳失调。
请问这个假说怎么证明？阴是什么，阳是什么，怎么观测？
你可以把体内任何东西解释为阴，把任何东西解释为阳，
怎么说都可以让那句话成立。这种不可证伪的命题，就不是科学。 |
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L*******e
发帖数: 2202 | 27 http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2012/06/12/why-are-there-gay-men_
While female sexuality appears to be more fluid, research suggests that male
gayness is an inborn, unalterable, strongly genetically influenced trait.
But considering that the trait discourages the type of sex that leads to
procreation — that is, sex with women — and would therefore seem to thwart
its own chances of being genetically passed on to the next generation, why
are there gay men at all?
Put differently, why haven't gay man... 阅读全帖 |
|
bp
发帖数: 46 | 28 One hypothesis (and hypothesis only, I am not trying to say I have proof) is
that these people are paid campaigners for Senator Obama. They are merely
here to disrupt the Clinton supporters, to eliminate any fair platform for
chinese to discuss politics without interference from interest groups. That
is why they cannot be persuaded by reasoning, they make up lies, and they
do smear campaign. |
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B**W
发帖数: 2273 | 29 Genes Play Major Role in Primate Social Behavior, Study Finds
By NICHOLAS WADE
Social behavior among primates — including humans — has a substantial
genetic basis, a team of scientists has concluded from a new survey of
social structure across the primate family tree.
The scientists, at the University of Oxford in England, looked at the
evolutionary family tree of 217 primate species whose social organization is
known. Their findings, published in the journal Nature, challenge some of
the leadin... 阅读全帖 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 30 April 24, 2012 | Posted by Rodney Graves
James Lovelock to be precise, author of the Gaia hypothesis so warmly
embraced by the warmists.
‘Global warming? What global warming?’ says High Priest of Gaia
Religion
By James Delingpole | The Telegraph
“Likewise, I say unto you, there is joy in the presence of the angels
of God over one sinner that repenteth”, saith the Bible.
So let joy be unconfined that one of the archest of the world’s arch
Greenies – James Lovelock, inventor of th... 阅读全帖 |
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l****z
发帖数: 29846 | 31 August 2, 2012 by David Robertson
Every now and then, someone will try to prevent a debate about global
warming by claiming that a consensus of earth scientists supports the
existence of anthropogenic global warming. Well, that so-called “consensus
” is imaginary.
In July of 2008, The Hindu newspaper (India’s national newspaper) published
an article titled “Challenging the basis of Kyoto Protocol”.
Here is an excerpt from that article:
As western nations step up pressure on India and China ... 阅读全帖 |
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d*****s
发帖数: 5610 | 32 那你可以写篇文章，反驳Pedro Santa-Clara和Rossen Valkanov在Journal of Finance
上面发表的The Presidential Puzzle: Political Cycles and the Stock Market。
其实我也挺感兴趣，到底是什么原因造成Santa-Clara和Valkanov的发现？大家
hypothesis都很多，再提也没什么用，关键是能不能在研究中发现数据来支持自己的
hypothesis。 |
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H**U
发帖数: 1814 | 33 Really? I thought only size of d@ck matters to Female.
"It's easy to imagine that we humans might also prefer multitasking partners
, such as someone who can successfully earn a good income, cook dinner,
manage the finances and get the kids to soccer practice on time," Ward said
in a news release.
============
Female frogs choose to mate with males that can multitask, a new study
reported.
The study supports the multitasking hypothesis, according to which females
prefer males that can manage man... 阅读全帖 |
|
发帖数: 1 | 34 修墙救美国人，也救墨西哥人
Building a Wall Saves the Lives of Americans and Mexicans
Donald J. Trump proposes to build a wall along the border between the United
States and Mexico by compelling Mexico to make a one-time $5-10 billion
payment. The primary function of this wall would be keeping Mexicans from
entering the United States without visas. However, there is an understated
benefit of this wall, which will save lives of thousands of Americans AND
THOUSANDS OF MEXICANS.
The first part is easy to unders... 阅读全帖 |
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T**********1
发帖数: 2406 | 35 "如果" is not an evidence that can be used to support a conclusion. It is a
hypothesis. We don't know.
If ATT were not 拆分, we still would have alternative telcos, such wireless
services. That is why I say your claim of ATT would have been the only
Telco today was only hypothesis, again being generous. |
|
w********t
发帖数: 12853 | 36 我考虑到这里是中文网站。
Here at the Science-Based Medicine blog, we argue that the best medicine is
based on rigorous science. In today’s technological age, it’s easy to
forget that, throughout most of its history, medicine was not very
scientific at all. Ancient Egyptian physicians, for instance, were
invariably also priests, and for the thousands of years after them medicine
tended to be based in anecdote and mystical belief, largely because the
tools to do otherwise had not yet been developed.
Indeed, ... 阅读全帖 |
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h********n
发帖数: 4079 | 37 不知道你跟Postdoc争论的内容是啥? 说来听听.
是不是这样的: 你有个hypothesis, 但postdoc觉得不要有hypothesis, 啥data就下啥
结论?
OK |
|
c****u
发帖数: 584 | 38 我一直好奇这种hypothesis driven的design 除了反映PI态度是否认真以外有多少实际
价值。有多少大发现是这么计划出来的。我自己做试验连半年以后的情况都预测不了，
跟别说hypothesis 3－5年后了。往往大成果都是些实验中偶然意外的发现。我自己也
在努力这样写grant 把故事编的天衣无缝， 但觉得有点在欺人，或许我的科学方法有
问题，还请grant 成功人士谈谈经验。 |
|
H****y
发帖数: 2992 | 39 出去开会。会还没开完，就搞了这么个东西出来。职业病呀！
On Poster Presentation
“I think the first duty of all art, …, is to entertain. That is to say, to
hold interest. No matter how worthy the message of something, if it's dull,
you're just not communicating. “ (Poul Anderson)
Poster presentation may sometimes bear an “inferior” look compared with
oral presentation. Yes, you don’t get that collective attention from dozens
or hundreds of people in a quiet room. You can’t play soun... 阅读全帖 |
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c***x
发帖数: 1826 | 40
一如既往的深刻有趣+正能量，心里默默给你点过很多赞，这次送你一个实在的。
我们所在的学科里，model教育的material benefits有两个假说：
human capital accumulation and screening。
你的1，3，6，7与human capital accumulation hypothesis consistent。教育的实际
年投资回报率大概在10%左右，而投资美国股市，在过去一百年的平均实际年投资回报
率是7%。
你的1，2基本falls into screening hypothesis。劳动力市场上雇主和潜在雇员间存
在不对称信息，通过教育取得学位把高能力的与低能力的潜在雇员区分开来。
你的4略微复杂，如果婚姻是一个sorted matching and searching，4可能是受教育的
结果而不是原因。
剩下的5，8，9算是nonmaterial benefits。你总结得好，基本上就是vanity,
intellectual pleasure and genuine curiosity。
见过只为了5，8，9而受教育的，结果往往... 阅读全帖 |
|
c***x
发帖数: 1826 | 41
一如既往的深刻有趣+正能量，心里默默给你点过很多赞，这次送你一个实在的。
我们所在的学科里，model教育的material benefits有两个假说：
human capital accumulation and screening。
你的1，3，6，7与human capital accumulation hypothesis consistent。教育的实际
年投资回报率大概在10%左右，而投资美国股市，在过去一百年的平均实际年投资回报
率是7%。
你的1，2基本falls into screening hypothesis。劳动力市场上雇主和潜在雇员间存
在不对称信息，通过教育取得学位把高能力的与低能力的潜在雇员区分开来。
你的4略微复杂，如果婚姻是一个sorted matching and searching，4可能是受教育的
结果而不是原因。
剩下的5，8，9算是nonmaterial benefits。你总结得好，基本上就是vanity,
intellectual pleasure and genuine curiosity。
见过只为了5，8，9而受教育的，结果往往... 阅读全帖 |
|
t*****o
发帖数: 81 | 42 Larry Summers好像并没有说女性不适合做学术。从Wikipedia上抄的：
The second hypothesis, the generally greater variability among men (compared
to women) in tests of cognitive abilities,[30][31][32] leading to
proportionally more males than females at both the lower and upper tails of
the test score distributions, caused the most controversy. In his discussion
of this hypothesis, Summers said that "even small differences in the
standard deviation [between genders] will translate into very large
differences in the avail... 阅读全帖 |
|
H****y
发帖数: 2992 | 43 Interview with Dr. Xi Yin
--- By Fiona Rawsontile, Sept 2015
This interview was inspired by an earlier interview of Dr. Yin I saw on the
Internet, which made me think that we can’t expect someone who normally
writes for entertainment to understand a physicist. To “provoke” a
scientist, we need another scientist. So I volunteered (to myself) and sent
an invitation to Dr. Yin, who was recently promoted to Professor in Physics
at Harvard Uni... 阅读全帖 |
|
S*******t
发帖数: 3956 | 44 （作为年仅31岁就晋升哈佛正教授的青年才俊，尹希教授最近得到了很多关注。其中一
篇关于他的专访进入了一名同是美国大学华裔教授的女科学家的视线。因为觉得这样的
采访不过瘾，她突发奇想，想亲自采访一下尹希。于是就有了这个我们今天看到的两名
科学家之间的对话。这位女教授使用了化名，这是她出版自己几部科幻小说的笔名。对
，没错，这位女教授同时也是一个女文青，已经写了几本书，还都是英文，Amazon 就
能买到。感兴趣的不妨找来看看。很可能有一天，她也会成为传奇式的人物。那今天这
篇采访就会成为另一段佳话。）
Interview with Dr. Xi Yin
--- By Fiona Rawsontile, Sept 2015
Translated by Slow Rabbit
This interview was inspired by an earlier interview of Dr. Yin I saw on the
Internet, which made me think that we can’t expect some... 阅读全帖 |
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i*****e
发帖数: 218 | 45 请教一个关于黎曼猜想和哥德巴赫猜想的问题
众所周知， 由黎曼猜想可以推出奇数哥德巴赫猜想.
我一直没有搞明白， 由黎曼猜想是否可以推出偶数哥德巴赫猜想。
最近看Andrew Granville 下面的这篇文章， http://www.dms.umontreal.ca/~andrew/PDF/GoldbachFinal.pdf
"REFINEMENTS OF GOLDBACH’S CONJECTURE, AND THE GENERALIZED RIEMANN
HYPOTHESIS"
文章说： “we show that an averaged strong form of Goldbach’s conjecture is
equivalent to the Generalized Riemann Hypothesis (GRH)”
本人基础薄， 我不能自己推导上面文章的定理. 就向大家请教一下。 这篇文章是否说：
1. 可以从GRH 推出偶数哥德巴赫猜想 ？
2. 可以从”an averaged strong form“ 哥德巴赫猜想推出 GRH ？
多谢大家。 |
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C***t
发帖数: 915 | 46 看大家讨论人与科研的问题，讲讲最近几天遇到的一个学生。是个junior，在找到我之
前已经联系了系里几个老师了，被告知只有我最合适。他给自己设计了一个课题，同时
打算申请系里五年本硕连读的program（这种program我们都是不全额资助的，但我的学
生都有hourly）。这个课题就是他的毕业论文。说起这个课题来呢，和我最近新开的一
个项目有很大overlap。我跟他说，你的虽然也不算落伍，但已经有人完全这么做过了
，你再看看我这个，我给他讲了讲，哪里是innovative的地方，这个innovation不用大
，基于前人的基础，有新颖之处和新hypothesis就行了。
他说我的独特之处就是大数据，要找几十上百个human subject，我已经动用私人关系
找了七八成了。我说你还得经过学校IRB批准，他说protocol我已经开始写了。我说我
不是研究大数据的，但我的感觉是，因为这个不是hypothesis driven，很多人在做之
前根本不知道what to look for，最后白花了时间(correct me if I’m wrong)。他说
，我就嚼着通过研究更多人，能... 阅读全帖 |
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s******y
发帖数: 28562 | 47 你说的这个问题很有意思。我以前都不知道原来还有人来专门研究R&D的成功因素。
我觉得对于探索性的科研，就是我们对理论认识还不太清楚的那种科研（特别是生物学
），多样化和分散化是一个非常重要的因素。
我不知道你们有没有考虑过对于指导理论假设的黏性问题(adherence to a single
leading hypothesis)，因为对于同一个大组内部，对于某个单独的指导理论的黏性是
非常高的，大部分工作都会围绕着如何建立和巩固那个理论而展开，如果有数据和那个
理论不符合的话，最大的可能性是那些数据被抛弃或忽略而不是探索alternative
explanation的存在。这个原因很多，包括组内的peer pressure, PI的领导作风和权威
，以及grant mechanism 的限制。这些都很容易导致同一个组内不敢轻易探索其他方向
。但是这种黏性对于不同的研究组之间就会低得多。研究者之间的独立和竞争关系会导
致他们更愿意试图接受alternative explanation，而且领域越大，这种可能性就越大
。所以对于探索性研究，size and diversity 是非常重要... 阅读全帖 |
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s******y
发帖数: 28562 | 48 你说的这个问题很有意思。我以前都不知道原来还有人来专门研究R&D的成功因素。
我觉得对于探索性的科研，就是我们对理论认识还不太清楚的那种科研（特别是生物学
），多样化和分散化是一个非常重要的因素。
我不知道你们有没有考虑过对于指导理论假设的黏性问题(adherence to a single
leading hypothesis)，因为对于同一个大组内部，对于某个单独的指导理论的黏性是
非常高的，大部分工作都会围绕着如何建立和巩固那个理论而展开，如果有数据和那个
理论不符合的话，最大的可能性是那些数据被抛弃或忽略而不是探索alternative
explanation的存在。这个原因很多，包括组内的peer pressure, PI的领导作风和权威
，以及grant mechanism 的限制。这些都很容易导致同一个组内不敢轻易探索其他方向
。但是这种黏性对于不同的研究组之间就会低得多。研究者之间的独立和竞争关系会导
致他们更愿意试图接受alternative explanation，而且领域越大，这种可能性就越大
。所以对于探索性研究，size and diversity 是非常重要... 阅读全帖 |
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a**y
发帖数: 464 | 49 最近我们系里面试了很多candidate。只看文章，中国人candidates都是最好的。但是
面试后基本上都排到最低，因为chalk talk都有很大的问题。估计现在还有一些人在面
试啥的。简单讲几个注意的地方，希望对年轻人有益 （当年我自己也是吃这样的亏，
我薄厚也是一个很大的实验室，没人告述我因该怎么办）。
1. Chalk talk 应该从你觉得最可能拿到的第一个R01开始 （预计花70%时间在这个课
题上）
2. 应该把它reduce成一个testable hypothesis。不要把它present成一个research
direction. 你需要把它present成一个fundable NIH project
3. Derive 3 个specific aims to INDEPENDENTLY test your hypothesis. 这些aims
因该不互相dependent。
4. 解释每个specific aims的时候可以按照significance/background，innovation，
preliminary data，approach 的顺序。这... 阅读全帖 |
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