P******l
发帖数: 1648 | 1 These are just google results from Apologetics websites for further study
and thoughts. Those who try to mess up with malicious attitude will get what
they deserve. On the other hand, we welcome sincere questions and are
willing to discuss about these together with mutual respect. Thanks.
http://askjohnmackay.com/blood-groups-how-a-b-ab-o-rh-blood-groups-from-adam-eve/
About the author: Diane Eager
Diane Eager has a background in medicine, and was a lecturer in biomedical
sciences at Univer... 阅读全帖 |
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n******7
发帖数: 12463 | 2 我觉得你说到点上了，应该M起来
“4.对基因组，genome biology本身的认识。其实纵然是whole-genome sequencing，我
看大部分的paper也就是先找找coding region/splicing的SNP/indel；或者说大家还是
gene-centric的。现在我们对基因组的认识还很不完善，且不说loci interaction，就
连最基本的每个loci是什么作用都不清楚。很多基因的功能都不知道，而且gene本身的
概念也在被扩充，不断有新的gene被发现，以及各种新型的什么miRNA gene啊，
linkRNAgene被发现。还有很多regulatory region比如被ENCODE给annotate出来。除了
非常明显的罕见的large deletion/duplication，或者一些repeat expansion，我们的
精力还是停留在missense mutation上，因为这个最好解释。而splicing site，或者
regulatory region有一个哪怕是罕见的A到T的突变，请问你能立刻给我解释下这个
rare SNP ... 阅读全帖 |
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h******y
发帖数: 351 | 3 Jaenisch lab最新发表的利用CRISPR同时敲除5个基因的文章。CRISPR前途无限啊。再搞
出几个inducible的CRISPR就更厉害了。
One-Step Generation of Mice Carrying Mutations in Multiple Genes by CRISPR/C
as-Mediated Genome Engineering
http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23643243
Cell. 2013 May 1. pii: S0092-8674(13)00467-4. doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2013.04.02
5.
One-Step Generation of Mice Carrying Mutations in Multiple Genes by CRISPR/C
as-Mediated Genome Engineering.
Wang H, Yang H, Shivalila CS, Dawlaty MM, Cheng AW, Zhang F, Jaenisch R.
Source
W... 阅读全帖 |
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b****r
发帖数: 17995 | 4
懂得不多，只是提提个人观点
其实你们两个人 说的是对的
你可能看过RP Lifton的papers。他一直致力于 研究 rare mendelian diseases。 他
目前和BCM,Wash U@SL 和 JHU 一起在做 mendelian genetics consortium。 通过在
全世界找 “extreme phenotype - disease outliers” 和 “inbred family的疾病”
来寻找 human knockout的phenotype。
通过 RP Lifton的实验，你发现，这个世界上 仍然有很多 monogenic的病。 但是从
临床的角度来考虑， 研究 monogenic的疾病 究竟有治疗价值吗？ 1/100,000 的
mutation导致的 rare disease, 有哪个药厂会愿意生产药物来治疗呢？ 所以，工业圈
自然也不会对这个领域感兴趣...
--你不能把眼球停留在眼前，应该放眼10年以后，你职业生涯的成熟期。100，000人一
例患者，全世界有多少患者？数十万！测序技术的普及以及互联网，在几年后就会把这
几十万人基本... 阅读全帖 |
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b****r
发帖数: 17995 | 5
懂得不多，只是提提个人观点
其实你们两个人 说的是对的
你可能看过RP Lifton的papers。他一直致力于 研究 rare mendelian diseases。 他
目前和BCM,Wash U@SL 和 JHU 一起在做 mendelian genetics consortium。 通过在
全世界找 “extreme phenotype - disease outliers” 和 “inbred family的疾病”
来寻找 human knockout的phenotype。
通过 RP Lifton的实验，你发现，这个世界上 仍然有很多 monogenic的病。 但是从
临床的角度来考虑， 研究 monogenic的疾病 究竟有治疗价值吗？ 1/100,000 的
mutation导致的 rare disease, 有哪个药厂会愿意生产药物来治疗呢？ 所以，工业圈
自然也不会对这个领域感兴趣...
--你不能把眼球停留在眼前，应该放眼10年以后，你职业生涯的成熟期。100，000人一
例患者，全世界有多少患者？数十万！测序技术的普及以及互联网，在几年后就会把这
几十万人基本... 阅读全帖 |
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I***i
发帖数: 14557 | 6 http://www.cbsnews.com/8301-202_162-57492524/report-mutated-but
August 13, 2012 10:52 PM
Report: Mutated butterflies found near Fukushima
(CBS News) A group of scientists in Japan made a surprising discovery by
finding large numbers of specimens of pale grass blue butterflies that had
mutated.
In a report in the Scientific Reports journal, the scientists said their
research concluded that "that artificial radionuclides from the Fukushima
Nuclear Power Plant caused physiological and genetic damag... 阅读全帖 |
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v**********m
发帖数: 5516 | 7 Sir Karl Raimund Popper, CH FRS[1] FBA (28 July 1902 – 17 September 1994)
was an Austro-British[2] philosopher and a professor at the London School of
Economics.[3] He is regarded as one of the greatest philosophers of science
of the 20th century;[4][5] he also wrote extensively on social and
political philosophy.
Popper is known for his attempt to repudiate the classical observationalist
/ inductivist form of scientific method in favour of empirical falsification
. He is also known for his oppo... 阅读全帖 |
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y*****g
发帖数: 1822 | 8 http://www.gay.net/health-fitness/2011/08/21/scientists-mutate-
SCIENTISTS MUTATE HIV TO DEATH
BY: CHRISTOPHER DONALDSON
8.21.2011
Self-destructive behavior may prove a cure for HIV? A new drug still in
trial stages hopes to eliminate HIV from the body by forcing the virus
to
mutate its entirety to death.
Unlike antiretroviral drugs that suppress the virus—even to
undetectable levels—this one essentially “mutates HIV into oblivion.”
And
if the drug does what Seattle-based Koronis Pharmaceu... 阅读全帖 |
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t**x
发帖数: 20965 | 9 我可以跟你说这个写这个文章的医生是一个十恶不赦的王八蛋！因为这个德国医生就是
跟西雅图儿童医院勾结的个婊子养的畜生。
这是我的信：
Von: Andrew Xie [mailto:[email protected]/* */]
Gesendet: Montag, 19. September 2016 13:24
An: Wieser, Dr. Thomas, Chefarzt
Betreff: RE: Question on a benign mutation / NM_000098.2(CPT2):c.1102G>A (p.
Val368Ile) Simple - Variation Report - ClinVar – NCBI
Dear Dr. Wieser,
Thanks for your reply.
In the link it says 3 sources reporting ‘benign’ :
1. GeneDX on May 29, 2013
2. Emory Genetics Laboratory on Apr 16, 2014... 阅读全帖 |
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A********e
发帖数: 354 | 10 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: albertsmwk (.)(.), 信区: Biology
标 题: 第一批“青年千人计划”生物类@publication列表@
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Aug 18 15:04:16 2011, 美东)
花了一个小时，深深的鄙视一下自己的无聊行径！！
125 蔡亮 男 1980年11月 复旦大学 生命
科学 2007年12月毕业于[美国]北卡大学 [美国]加州大学旧金山分校 博士后
Cai L, Mostov K. Polarity is destiny. Cell. 2009 Nov 13;139(4):660-2. PubMed
PMID: 19914162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2900917.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Schafer DA, Bear JE. Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and
remodels Arp2/3-containing actin branche... 阅读全帖 |
|
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p*******g
发帖数: 2976 | 12 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: albertsmwk (.)(.), 信区: Biology
标 题: 第一批“青年千人计划”生物类@publication列表@
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Aug 18 15:04:16 2011, 美东)
花了一个小时，深深的鄙视一下自己的无聊行径！！
125 蔡亮 男 1980年11月 复旦大学 生命
科学 2007年12月毕业于[美国]北卡大学 [美国]加州大学旧金山分校 博士后
Cai L, Mostov K. Polarity is destiny. Cell. 2009 Nov 13;139(4):660-2. PubMed
PMID: 19914162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2900917.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Schafer DA, Bear JE. Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and
remodels Arp2/3-containing actin branche... 阅读全帖 |
|
b**********5
发帖数: 7881 | 13 Children born to older fathers 'are more likely to be ugly'... but may also
live longer
Older fathers have uglier children, researchers have claimed after linking
age to genetic mutations.
The finding comes weeks after leading scientists reported children born to
men over the age of 45 run a higher risk of having autism and psychiatric
disorders.
With age, sperm-producing cells do not copy a man's DNA as effectively,
leading to genetic mutations.
Martin Fielder, an anthropologist at Vienna Unive... 阅读全帖 |
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O***n
发帖数: 13127 | 14 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: albertsmwk (.)(.), 信区: Biology
标 题: 第一批“青年千人计划”生物类@publication列表@
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Aug 18 15:04:16 2011, 美东)
花了一个小时，深深的鄙视一下自己的无聊行径！！
125 蔡亮 男 1980年11月 复旦大学 生命
科学 2007年12月毕业于[美国]北卡大学 [美国]加州大学旧金山分校 博士后
Cai L, Mostov K. Polarity is destiny. Cell. 2009 Nov 13;139(4):660-2. PubMed
PMID: 19914162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2900917.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Schafer DA, Bear JE. Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and
remodels Arp2/3-containing actin branche... 阅读全帖 |
|
B********e
发帖数: 19317 | 15 http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/evo_18
Mutations
Mutation is a change in DNA, the hereditary material of life. An organism's
DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology — all aspects
of its life. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all
aspects of its life.
Mutations are random
Mutations can be beneficial, neutral, or harmful for the organism, but
mutations do not "try" to supply what the organism "needs." In this respect,
mutations are ra |
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B********e
发帖数: 19317 | 16 ============side trip===============
http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/side_0_0/random_01
Mutations are random
The mechanisms of evolution — like natural selection and genetic drift —
work with the random variation generated by mutation.
Factors in the environment are thought to influence the rate of mutation but
are not generally thought to influence the direction of mutation. For
example, exposure to harmful chemicals may increase the mutation rate, but
will not cause more mutat |
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w*********e
发帖数: 6093 | 17 仅仅补充说明一点，生物学上说的
random mutation 的意思是
mutation的发生是random没有必然性方向性的，换言之，各个可能都有可能，由环境来
决定哪个方向的mutation可以延续
以此来与环境诱导mutation方向学说做区别
实际上，mutation并不是完全random的，某些类型某些位点比其他的更多发生甚至有倾
向性的状况也有存在，不过总体来说，random mutation没啥问题。 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 18 Contex to the lengthy discussion: Eloihim (真神)'s misunderstanding of the "
cuause" vs. the outcome.
IHMO, the key difference between the "evolution theory" and Christian belief
is the casual factor of "variation/mutation" as observed in fossil records
& other scientific discoveries. In Darwin's theory, these cause of these "
mutation/variation" is "random" (intractable/unknown), vs. Christian belief
in design/guidance from God.
So these two words ("random" vs. "mutation/varition") are the key c... 阅读全帖 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 19 don't quote my post out of context.
I agree that conditional on a particular environment/state, selection is "
survival of the fittest" (the natural selection), following biological laws
. But how to get to a particular environment/state, Darwin's theory doesn't
give a tractable/predictable law. Thus it is only used to explain the "
survival of the fittest" after the fact.
That's why Darwin's theory
a) assumes mutation is random and thus can't predict what's going to happen
in mutation, and
b) ... 阅读全帖 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 20 thanks for the reply.
most carcinogenic mutations do not lead to new functional genes as we all
agree. But evolution from lower to higher life form need introduction of new
genes. I think even
with sequential mutations (instead of simultaneous multiple mutations), the
joint probability (having the sequential mutation & favorable
environments) is no better than simultaneous multiple mutations if mutations are independent.
You
but
form
type
protein |
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l*****a
发帖数: 38403 | 21 发信人: cutegg (东郭皇叔真身parasite), 信区: TrustInJesus
标 题: Re: 从某些基督徒攻击进化论的行为看其信仰的虚妄 （原创）
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Jul 12 23:06:28 2011, 美东)
sequential mutation 不是你讲的那个东西吧？
new
the
mutations are independent.
发信人: theisland (the island), 信区: TrustInJesus
标 题: Re: 从某些基督徒攻击进化论的行为看其信仰的虚妄 （原创）
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue Jul 12 23:25:08 2011, 美东)
Maybe you want to check the following link before claiming sequential
mutations with selection is no better than simultaneous multiple mutations
if mutations are independent... 阅读全帖 |
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c*********r
发帖数: 1312 | 22 上次在某个帖子里提到一个观点：
“还是听那个PI说，有人把免疫系统分为两大分支，一支负责监视寄生虫病原体什么的
，另一支和过敏啥的相关；这两分支相互平衡。最近有报道有人在过敏还是哮喘患者体
内注射寄生虫（其中包括他/她自己，这让我想起了Marshall和Morris），来加强前一
个分支抑制后一个分支，结果治好了过敏还是哮喘。。。下一步他/她要做大规模的试
验。。。这个只是听说而已，等他回来了，还需要查证查证。”
那个PI回来了，问他要消息来源，他说只是听到新闻，不知道是不是正式的文章发表。
于是自己查了一查，他说的那个目前还没找到，但找到几个有意思的报道。
先贴个这个：What Do Worms Have to Do With Asthma?
http://news.sciencemag.org/sciencenow/2011/02/what-do-worms-hav
WASHINGTON, D.C.—Parasites get a bad rap for a good reason. They cause a
litany of diseases with a terrifying... 阅读全帖 |
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i***R
发帖数: 663 | 23 这不知道得多大的场地做实验。
Sci Transl Med 16 March 2011:
Vol. 3, Issue 74, p. 74ra24
DOI: 10.1126/scitranslmed.3001868
RESEARCH ARTICLE
CYSTIC FIBROSIS
The ΔF508 Mutation Causes CFTR Misprocessing and Cystic Fibrosis–Like
Disease in Pigs
Lynda S. Ostedgaard1,*, David K. Meyerholz2,*, Jeng-Haur Chen1,3,*,
Alejandro A. Pezzulo1, Philip H. Karp1,3, Tatiana Rokhlina1, Sarah E.
Ernst1, Robert A. Hanfland4, Leah R. Reznikov1, Paula S. Ludwig1, Mark
P. Rogan1, Greg J. Davis1, Cassie L. Dohrn2, Christine Wohlford-L... 阅读全帖 |
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s********r
发帖数: 312 | 24 The standard neutral model and a selective sweep:
higher vertebrates do not have a high enough reproductive rate to support
rapid rates of beneficial evolution. It takes too many deaths to select for
new mutations.Kimura reasoned the majority of new mutations must be ‘
neutral’ The rate of neutral evolution could be much faster than positive
evolution, and would be limited only by the rate of DNA copying errors.
Since natural selection will not act on neutral traits, which do not affect
survival... 阅读全帖 |
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a********k
发帖数: 2273 | 25 花了一个小时，深深的鄙视一下自己的无聊行径！！
125 蔡亮 男 1980年11月 复旦大学 生命
科学 2007年12月毕业于[美国]北卡大学 [美国]加州大学旧金山分校 博士后
Cai L, Mostov K. Polarity is destiny. Cell. 2009 Nov 13;139(4):660-2. PubMed
PMID: 19914162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2900917.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Schafer DA, Bear JE. Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and
remodels Arp2/3-containing actin branches in lamellipodia. Cell. 2008 Sep
5;134(5):828-42. PubMed PMID: 18775315; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2570342.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Bear JE. F-actin... 阅读全帖 |
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j*p
发帖数: 411 | 26 本人在wet lab里面做纯数据分析，for NGS data analysis, 简单介绍一些自己接触过
，并且觉得挺有用的工具，说的有点杂，权作抛砖引玉，还请不吝赐教。
Next-Gen sequencing(NGS)和现在正在发展的3rd-gen sequencing将会在生物学研究中
被越来越广泛应用。不管你信不信，反正我信了。一是基于实验成本的降低（$1k
whole-genome sequencing is coming），越来越多的实验室可以操作；二是可以提供
相对low throughput experiment多的多的数据和信息，可以看到很多从前看不到的东
西；三是sequencer本身对测序的准确性正在逐渐提高，所以实验固有错误率降低；四
是各种算法的成熟应用，这使得很多由于实验产生的误差在出数据后通过对数据的分析
得以过滤。按照library preparation来分，NGS主要有DNA-seq和RNA-seq
DNA-seq is usually used as ChIP-seq to study transcription factor(TF)-DNA
bi... 阅读全帖 |
|
j*p
发帖数: 411 | 27 本人在wet lab里面做纯数据分析，for NGS data analysis, 简单介绍一些自己接触过
，并且觉得挺有用的工具，说的有点杂，权作抛砖引玉，还请不吝赐教。
Next-Gen sequencing(NGS)和现在正在发展的3rd-gen sequencing将会在生物学研究中
被越来越广泛应用。不管你信不信，反正我信了。一是基于实验成本的降低（$1k
whole-genome sequencing is coming），越来越多的实验室可以操作；二是可以提供
相对low throughput experiment多的多的数据和信息，可以看到很多从前看不到的东
西；三是sequencer本身对测序的准确性正在逐渐提高，所以实验固有错误率降低；四
是各种算法的成熟应用，这使得很多由于实验产生的误差在出数据后通过对数据的分析
得以过滤。按照library preparation来分，NGS主要有DNA-seq和RNA-seq
DNA-seq is usually used as ChIP-seq to study transcription factor(TF)-DNA
bi... 阅读全帖 |
|
D*a
发帖数: 6830 | 28 这个太长了。。。想到哪儿写到哪儿好了。
看了很多genetist和evolutionist的观点，我觉得还是进化的观点更有说服力。不是说
基因不能控制衰老进程，而是说基因的作用方式是进化选择出来的，在衰老研究里面，
改变基因的作用方式，可以说相当于模拟进化中的某种场景。
因为衰老本身是不能被进化选择的。被进化选择的是生殖等。由此引出对衰老解释的被
动的观点和主动（也不是完全主动，相对前面被动来说的）的观点。下面都是主流理论。
一种被动方式是被动的mutation或者其他积累（mutation accumulation theory，
另一个theory，oxidative stress是作用方式，还是搞到mutation上去)，让生物体最终不能维持正常
功能。
另一种方式我这里叫他主动，便于对比，Antagonistic pleiotropy，说的是如果有一
种基因变异，可以增强年轻时的竞争力，那么即使它会加快衰老，也会被选择下来，因
为选择的动力是生殖。比如加速生长，提前青春期，雄性激素适当升高，等等。
还有一种理论试图融合这两者，disposal soma 认为生物体在进化中来被... 阅读全帖 |
|
D*a
发帖数: 6830 | 29 这个太长了。。。想到哪儿写到哪儿好了。
看了很多genetist和evolutionist的观点，我觉得还是进化的观点更有说服力。不是说
基因不能控制衰老进程，而是说基因的作用方式是进化选择出来的，在衰老研究里面，
改变基因的作用方式，可以说相当于模拟进化中的某种场景。
因为衰老本身是不能被进化选择的。被进化选择的是生殖等。由此引出对衰老解释的被
动的观点和主动（也不是完全主动，相对前面被动来说的）的观点。下面都是主流理论。
一种被动方式是被动的mutation或者其他积累（mutation accumulation theory，
另一个theory，oxidative stress是作用方式，还是搞到mutation上去)，让生物体最终不能维持正常
功能。
另一种方式我这里叫他主动，便于对比，Antagonistic pleiotropy，说的是如果有一
种基因变异，可以增强年轻时的竞争力，那么即使它会加快衰老，也会被选择下来，因
为选择的动力是生殖。比如加速生长，提前青春期，雄性激素适当升高，等等。
还有一种理论试图融合这两者，disposal soma 认为生物体在进化中来被... 阅读全帖 |
|
u*********1
发帖数: 2518 | 30 我觉得要考虑几个方面：
1.如何定义“遗传因素比较大”？ 想确定到底是familial还是sporadic，肯定要收集
足够的sample吧。。有时候对于有的疾病sample都很难收集。这不仅是人力，精力，
funding的问题，有的疾病病人死的很快，或者sample本身很少，总是很难碰到一个好
的大的pedigree的
2.NGS技术本身我当然是很看好的了，肯定越来越精确成熟，而且越来越便宜。但到底
能有多便宜？什么时候可以很轻松的给每个人做全基因组测序？read length可以达到
长?（肯定是越长越好）计算机的硬件能跟上NGS数据发展的趋势吗？
3.生物信息分析。我只能说现在的bioinformatic pipeline，除了read alignment和
SNP calling变的非常成熟（不仅sensitivity/specificity很高，而且可以做
population-level的分析），在其他方面，要么很艰难，要么很混乱。就是说无法达成
一个统一大家公认的最好的pipeline，我开发一个方法，你开发一个软件，最后把使用
者都搞的糊里糊涂的。比如indel cal... 阅读全帖 |
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p*******g
发帖数: 2976 | 31 【 以下文字转载自 Biology 讨论区 】
发信人: albertsmwk (.)(.), 信区: Biology
标 题: 第一批“青年千人计划”生物类@publication列表@
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Thu Aug 18 15:04:16 2011, 美东)
花了一个小时，深深的鄙视一下自己的无聊行径！！
125 蔡亮 男 1980年11月 复旦大学 生命
科学 2007年12月毕业于[美国]北卡大学 [美国]加州大学旧金山分校 博士后
Cai L, Mostov K. Polarity is destiny. Cell. 2009 Nov 13;139(4):660-2. PubMed
PMID: 19914162; PubMed Central PMCID: PMC2900917.
Cai L, Makhov AM, Schafer DA, Bear JE. Coronin 1B antagonizes cortactin and
remodels Arp2/3-containing actin branche... 阅读全帖 |
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w******y
发帖数: 4871 | 32 Febrile seizures
Author
Marvin A Fishman, MD
Section Editor
Douglas R Nordli, Jr, MD
Deputy Editor
Janet L Wilterdink, MD
Last literature review version 19.1: January 2011 | This topic last updated:
February 3, 2011 (More)
INTRODUCTION — Febrile seizures are a common cause of convulsions in young
children. They occur in 2 to 4 percent of children younger than five years
of age, but the incidence is as high as 15 percent in some populations. This
incidence has been attributed to closer living arr... 阅读全帖 |
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i*****s
发帖数: 4596 | 33 http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/science/studying-recent-human
East Asian Physical Traits Linked to 35,000-Year-Old Mutation
By NICHOLAS WADE
Published: February 14, 2013
Gaining a deep insight into human evolution, researchers have identified a
mutation in a critical human gene as the source of several distinctive
traits that make East Asians different from other races.
The traits — thicker hair shafts, more sweat glands, characteristically
identified teeth and smaller breasts — are the re... 阅读全帖 |
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l*h
发帖数: 4124 | 34 there are a few points here:
1. afatinib has only been tested in a few hundred patients. its actual
efficacy, IN REALITY, is not known.
2. regarding T790M mutation, the claim "50%的抗药是因为癌细胞变异成t790m" is
very wrong. it is a misinterpretention of results of some articles, mainly
William Pao's highly cited report. the actual results are in ~50% of tumors
resistant to gefinitib or erlotinib, T790M was detected. this doesn't mean
the resistance is necessarily caused by this mutation. only some T790M-
p... 阅读全帖 |
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l*h
发帖数: 4124 | 35 there are a few points here:
1. afatinib has only been tested in a few hundred patients. its actual
efficacy, IN REALITY, is not known.
2. regarding T790M mutation, the claim "50%的抗药是因为癌细胞变异成t790m" is
very wrong. it is a misinterpretention of results of some articles, mainly
William Pao's highly cited report. the actual results are in ~50% of tumors
resistant to gefinitib or erlotinib, T790M was detected. this doesn't mean
the resistance is necessarily caused by this mutation. only some T790M-
p... 阅读全帖 |
|
l****r
发帖数: 230 | 36 http://discovermagazine.com/2005/oct/sex
Last January Harvard University president Lawrence Summers hypothesized that
women may be innately less scientifically inclined than men. Not long after
the ensuing uproar, researchers announced the sequencing of the human X
chromosome. The project was hailed as a great leap forward in decoding the
differences between men and women, at least from a biological perspective.
While it did nothing to calm the maelstrom swirling around Summers, the new
understa... 阅读全帖 |
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c*******u
发帖数: 12899 | 37 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
karo (karo) 于 (Fri Mar 4 12:21:45 2011, 美东) 提到:
看到这样一篇文章，不知道有没有道理啊？如果是真的，我太伤心了，因为我们家都是
男宝宝，本来指望聪明的爸爸能把智商遗传给他们，现在我这个笨妈不是要害惨我的宝
宝们了。55
http://zhidao.baidu.com/question/5021375
智商的遗传基因ZT
满有意思的^^
据说决定智商的八对基因全部都是位于X 染色体上面，然后男生是XY，
X 是来自母亲，
Y 是来自父亲。
所以男生的智商全部都是来自母亲的遗传。
然后女生是X X，所以女生的智商是父亲跟母亲各有一半影响。
然后说，因为女生的智商是父亲母亲都有影响，所以会有中和的效应。
所以女生智商的分布会呈现自然分布( normaldistribution )，就是倒钟状，中间最
多，两边较少。
然后男生因为是完全只受一方影响，所以男生智商分布会呈现在偏向在两个极端。
也就是说，男生天才比较多，但是同时，蠢材之中也是男生特别多。
这个故... 阅读全帖 |
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j*****8
发帖数: 12 | 38 I Have Made Significant and Internationally Recognized Scientific
Contributions to the Area of Medical Genetics, and to the Field of Genetics
of Mental Diseases in Particular
1. My significant contributions to XXXX at The University of Chicago (
Feb. 2005~Jun. 2008)
As Dr. GGGG stated, “It is well known that BBBBB disorder is one of
the most costly psychiatric conditions. It ranks among the top ten in
disability in the World Health Organization’s Global Burden of Disease.
More than 2... 阅读全帖 |
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p**********u
发帖数: 15479 | 39 【 以下文字转载自 WaterWorld 讨论区 】
发信人: ldy (现在我很害怕，可能时间会炸), 信区: WaterWorld
标 题: 东亚女胸小的原因找到了
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Feb 15 11:11:04 2013, 美东)
发信人: inergas (大坏猪), 信区: Military
标 题: 东亚女胸小的原因找到了
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Feb 15 09:21:19 2013, 美东)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/science/studying-recent-human
East Asian Physical Traits Linked to 35,000-Year-Old Mutation
By NICHOLAS WADE
Published: February 14, 2013
Gaining a deep insight into human evolution, researchers have identified a
mutation in a critic... 阅读全帖 |
|
l*y
发帖数: 21010 | 40 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: inergas (大坏猪), 信区: Military
标 题: 东亚女胸小的原因找到了
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Feb 15 09:21:19 2013, 美东)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/science/studying-recent-human
East Asian Physical Traits Linked to 35,000-Year-Old Mutation
By NICHOLAS WADE
Published: February 14, 2013
Gaining a deep insight into human evolution, researchers have identified a
mutation in a critical human gene as the source of several distinctive
traits that make East Asians different from other races.... 阅读全帖 |
|
l*y
发帖数: 21010 | 41 【 以下文字转载自 Military 讨论区 】
发信人: inergas (大坏猪), 信区: Military
标 题: 东亚女胸小的原因找到了
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Feb 15 09:21:19 2013, 美东)
http://www.nytimes.com/2013/02/15/science/studying-recent-human
East Asian Physical Traits Linked to 35,000-Year-Old Mutation
By NICHOLAS WADE
Published: February 14, 2013
Gaining a deep insight into human evolution, researchers have identified a
mutation in a critical human gene as the source of several distinctive
traits that make East Asians different from other races.... 阅读全帖 |
|
B********e
发帖数: 19317 | 42 http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/evo_19
Mutations (2 of 2)
The only mutations that matter to large-scale evolution are those that can
be passed on to offspring. These occur in reproductive cells like eggs and
sperm and are called germ line mutations.
A single germ line mutation can have a range of effects:
1. No change occurs in phenotype
Some mutations don't have any noticeable effect on the phenotype of an
organism. This can happen in many situations: perhaps the |
|
B********e
发帖数: 19317 | 43 http://evolution.berkeley.edu/evolibrary/article/0_0_0/evo_20
The causes of mutations
Mutations happen for several reasons.
1. DNA fails to copy accurately
Most of the mutations that we think matter to evolution are "naturally
-occurring." For example, when a cell divides, it makes a copy of its DNA —
and sometimes the copy is not quite perfect. That small difference from the
original DNA sequence is a mutation.
2. External influences can create mutations
Radioactive signMutations can also |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 44 In this "TrustInJesus" board, "evolution theory" is sometimes (per suggestion from TheRinger ) brought up by non-believers to challenge the Christian Belief ( design/controlled process of
creation of the universe with intervention & guidance).
IMHO, the key difference between the "evolution theory" and Christian belief
is the casual factor of "variation/mutation" as observed in fossil records
& other scientific discoveries. In Darwin's theory, these cause of these "
mutation/variation" is "rand... 阅读全帖 |
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l**********t
发帖数: 5754 | 45
"all we said was it CAN BE random, but when you put it it became we were
making a positive assertion, to me that is distorting words. it is true the
underlying cause of mutation (if there is a need for it) is not fully
understood, science admits that.without a good scientific model to explain
mutation, and the observable spontaneous mutations do not appear to follow a
pattern, doesn't it
naturally lead to the temporary conclusion that it can be random? ....maybe
some day theories will be establ... 阅读全帖 |
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j**e
发帖数: 582 | 46 cancer is a disease of mutation, and we can't predict when and where and
what DNA will be mutated in your body. Eventually, you will get cancer when
there is enough mutation accumulated.
It is the same as bacteria. There is always new mutation happened in
bacteria to overcome the effect of antibiotic. Cancer is just more
complicated.
One day, we will find an effective anti-cancer drug to kill cancerous cells.
However, if there is new mutation generated in your cancerous cell, the
current drug ma... 阅读全帖 |
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P****d
发帖数: 564 | 47 Yes. They were referring to mutation, i.e., the generation of new alleles,
and you allele frequency. Statistically speaking, an advantageous allele
gets enriched or fixed (100% in the population) faster than a neutral allele
through random drift (fluctuation of frequency).
Now in terms of mutations, Barbara McClintock had a very interesting theory.
She thought that upon severe genome stress (i.e., beyond what the specific
stress responses such as check points etc can handle), the cell will
a... 阅读全帖 |
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r*****t
发帖数: 4793 | 48 Don't censor life-saving science
Controlling who is allowed access to information about mutations in the H5N1
bird flu virus is unacceptable, says Peter Palese21.
11 January 2012
Article toolsPrint
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The recent arguments over the creation of a transmissible form of the bird
flu virus (H5N1) feel very familiar. My colleagues and I were at the centre
of a similar controversy in 2005, when we ... 阅读全帖 |
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o********r
发帖数: 775 | 49 For diseases not related to blood, blood cells are a good candidate for
germline sample.
How to use the WGS data is a big issue in this NGS era. One common strategy
used in paired tumor/germline analyses is to compare the mutation spectrum
across multiple patients (from the same cohort or at least same disease type
/subtype) to identify recurrent mutations, which provides leads to wet lab.
If you think bioinformatics alone can give you the definite answer for
driver mutations, probably you will... 阅读全帖 |
|
o********r
发帖数: 775 | 50 For diseases not related to blood, blood cells are a good candidate for
germline sample.
How to use the WGS data is a big issue in this NGS era. One common strategy
used in paired tumor/germline analyses is to compare the mutation spectrum
across multiple patients (from the same cohort or at least same disease type
/subtype) to identify recurrent mutations, which provides leads to wet lab.
If you think bioinformatics alone can give you the definite answer for
driver mutations, probably you will... 阅读全帖 |
|
