r**a 发帖数: 206 | 1 http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Louis_Pasteur
Catholic observers often said that Louis Pasteur remained through out his
whole life an ardent Christian. According to his grandson Pasteur Vallery-
Radot, however, Pasteur had only kept from his Catholic background a
spiritualism without religious practice. The well-known quotation attributed
to Pasteur: "The more I know, the more nearly is my faith that of the
Breton peasant. Could I but know all I would have the faith of a Breton
peasant's wife."[3] |
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s********e 发帖数: 427 | 2 (B) 巴斯德的科学贡献
1. 巴斯德发现微生物是造成人类疾病的主要原因; 控制病菌, 就可以治疗, 甚至预
防疾病. 这方面的贡献使他成为举世闻名的微生物和病菌学家.
2. 他于1859-1861年间, 仔细地以准确的实验, 将加温煮沸的肉, 放在“天鹅颈烧
瓶”(即开口弯曲的瓶)中, 发现什么虫或生物也长不出. 这点强而有力地驳倒当代流行
的“自然发生论”(spontaneous generation), 证实生命不可能由没有生命的物质自然
产生.[3]
3. 1867年, 反对巴斯德的人质问他: 法国的蚕为何会生病? 经过3年的实验, 他分
离出二种致病的杆菌, 发现了治疗这种疾病的方法, 拯救了法国的蚕丝与服装业.
4. 又有反对他的人问道: 酒为何自然会变酸? 1870年, 他提出那是微生物的作用,
并提出高温杀菌法, 使酒保持新鲜; 此法亦可使牛奶保持新鲜. 此等发明拯救了食品
业.这方法就是著名的巴斯德氏杀菌法(Pasteurization).
5. 在接下来的12年间, 巴斯德研究羊的炭疽病(anthrax, 1881年)、猪的红斑丹毒 |
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b******d 发帖数: 1 | 3 Post for a friend. Please contact the PI directly. Thanks.
1.position one:
Recruitment of a co-Principal Investigator at Prof. Yongjun Liu’s
Laboratory in Institut Pasteur of Shanghai, CAS
Prof. Yongjun Liu’s laboratory in IPS, CAS focus on 1) Dendritic Cell
Biology in anti-viral immunity; 2) Characterization of DNA/RNA sensors
within the innate immune system; 3) interaction between hepatitis C virus
and human immune system. For more information, please visit:
http://www.shanghaipasteur.cas.cn/k |
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e*e 发帖数: 6808 | 4 不了解煮开了跟pasteurize
这里是在家pasteurize的方法
How To Pasteurize At Home
If you would like to pasteurize your donated breast milk at home, please
read the following instructions taken from the article below. UC Berkeley
did a study to try and find a method of home pasteurization that women in
developing countries could use without a thermometer or other costly devices
. The method described below in their article has been shown to kill the
HIV, E. coli., S. aureus and Strep. A & B. while protecting impo... 阅读全帖 |
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k****i 发帖数: 38 | 5 Deli Meat: Deli meats have been known to be contaminated with listeria,
which can cause miscarriage. Listeria has the ability to cross the placenta
and may infect the baby leading to infection or blood poisoning, which may
be life-threatening. If you are pregnant and you are considering eating deli
meats, make certain that you reheat the meat until it is steaming.
Fish with Mercury: Fish that contain high levels of mercury should be
avoided. Mercury consumed during pregnancy has been linked to d... 阅读全帖 |
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t*****e 发帖数: 3544 | 7 Lactose free 的是ultra pasteurized 的,要试非lactose free 的ultra
pasteurized 的,通常是纸盒装的organic 的。
我就是这么试出来的。来美国一喝奶就拉肚子,马上被人说是lactose intolerance,
但在中国没事啊。后来发现是pasteurization 的问题,因为喝纸盒的ultra
pasteurized 的没事,不管是不是lactose free.
中餐馆的冰淇淋确实可能奶量不大,所以细菌含量不高。
中餐buffet 的ice cream 确实能吃出来ice 多,cream 少。 |
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T**********e 发帖数: 29576 | 8 The 50 Greatest Breakthroughs Since the Wheel
http://www.theatlantic.com/magazine/archive/2013/11/innovations
1. The printing press, 1430s
The printing press was nominated by 10 of our 12 panelists, five of whom
ranked it in their top three. Dyson described its invention as the turning
point at which “knowledge began freely replicating and quickly assumed a
life of its own.”
2. Electricity, late 19th century
And then there was light—and Nos. 4, 9, 16, 24, 28, 44, 45, and most of the
rest of mode... 阅读全帖 |
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l*******n 发帖数: 293 | 9 draught beer或draft beer
指从大木桶或吕铁罐里倒出来的啤酒,以区别于瓶装或易拉罐装啤酒。draught是英式
拼写,除英国外,爱尔兰、澳大利亚、和新西兰也通常这么拼写,发音:抓伏特。
draft为美国拼法,北美国家用的多,发音更接近“拽伏特”。draft是用手拽或拉的意
思,形象为酒吧倒酒时候,拽一下酒吧上竖着的木棒把柄,啤酒便顺着管子从后边的大
木桶或吕铁罐里涌出。
beer on tap
几乎就是拽伏特啤酒的同义词。但个人理解是指有微型酿酒作坊的酒吧,酿好的啤酒直
接从管子里流出,不经任何装桶运输的新鲜啤酒。或参观酿酒厂后的接待室里,自己拿
个杯子象去自来水龙头接水一样接刚出锅的新鲜啤酒喝。这样的啤酒称beer on tap更
贴切.
散啤
八十年代啤酒渐渐普及,各县城及各大城市都慢慢有啤酒厂。饭店用三轮车后驼有盖大
搪瓷缸运回来,啤酒厂也会定时用运水车给大些的饭店送刚出厂的啤酒。在饭店里用大
白碗盛,也有的用暖瓶装拎回家喝。这是最初的散啤,新鲜,很不同于瓶装或当时不多
的易拉罐装啤酒。最初的散啤也大都不是冰镇,而是室温下喝。
扎啤
九十年代初,啤酒喝法开始变... 阅读全帖 |
|
l*******n 发帖数: 293 | 10 draught beer或draft beer
指从大木桶或吕铁罐里倒出来的啤酒,以区别于瓶装或易拉罐装啤酒。draught是英式
拼写,除英国外,爱尔兰、澳大利亚、和新西兰也通常这么拼写,发音:抓伏特。
draft为美国拼法,北美国家用的多,发音更接近“拽伏特”。draft是用手拽或拉的意
思,形象为酒吧倒酒时候,拽一下酒吧上竖着的木棒把柄,啤酒便顺着管子从后边的大
木桶或吕铁罐里涌出。
beer on tap
几乎就是拽伏特啤酒的同义词。但个人理解是指有微型酿酒作坊的酒吧,酿好的啤酒直
接从管子里流出,不经任何装桶运输的新鲜啤酒。或参观酿酒厂后的接待室里,自己拿
个杯子象去自来水龙头接水一样接刚出锅的新鲜啤酒喝。这样的啤酒称beer on tap更
贴切.
散啤
八十年代啤酒渐渐普及,各县城及各大城市都慢慢有啤酒厂。饭店用三轮车后驼有盖大
搪瓷缸运回来,啤酒厂也会定时用运水车给大些的饭店送刚出厂的啤酒。在饭店里用大
白碗盛,也有的用暖瓶装拎回家喝。这是最初的散啤,新鲜,很不同于瓶装或当时不多
的易拉罐装啤酒。最初的散啤也大都不是冰镇,而是室温下喝。
扎啤
九十年代初,啤酒喝法开始变... 阅读全帖 |
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l*******n 发帖数: 293 | 11 你又提起这个话题,不是讨论过吗?
draught beer或draft beer,指从大木桶或吕铁罐里倒出来的啤酒,以区别于瓶装或易
拉罐装啤酒。draught是英式拼写,除英国外,爱尔兰、澳大利亚、和新西兰也通常这
么拼写,发音:抓伏特。draft为美国拼法,北美国家用的多,发音更接近“拽伏特”
。draft是用手拽或拉的意思,形象为酒吧倒酒时候,拽一下酒吧上竖着的木棒把柄,
啤酒便顺着管子从后边的大木桶或吕铁罐里涌出。
beer on tap 几乎就是拽伏特啤酒的同义词。但个人理解是指有微型酿酒作坊的酒吧
,酿好的啤酒直接从管子里流出,不经任何装桶运输的新鲜啤酒。或参观酿酒厂后的接
待室里,自己拿个杯子象去自来水龙头接水一样接刚出锅的新鲜啤酒喝。这样的啤酒称
beer on tap更贴切.
散啤 八十年代啤酒渐渐普及,各县城及各大城市都慢慢有啤酒厂。饭店用三轮车后
驼有盖大搪瓷缸运回来,啤酒厂也会定时用运水车给大些的饭店送刚出厂的啤酒。在饭
店里用大白碗盛,也有的用暖瓶装拎回家喝。这是最初的散啤,新鲜,很不同于瓶装或
当时不多的易拉罐装啤酒。最初的散啤也大都不是冰镇... 阅读全帖 |
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t******r 发帖数: 8600 | 12 Louis Pasteur was a French biologist, microbiologist and chemist renowned
for his discoveries of the principles of vaccination, microbial fermentation
and pasteurization.
最牛的生物学家非Pasteur莫属。他发明的疫苗和由于他发明的而产生的抗生素是人类
生物医学历史最伟大的两项发明,他人都与其相去甚远。 |
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t******r 发帖数: 8600 | 13 https://www.nature.com/articles/452530b
Comparing the legacies of Gauss, Pasteur and Darwin
Jürgen Schmidhuber
Sir
Kevin Padian's enthusiastic Essay on Charles Darwin ('Darwin's enduring
legacy' Nature 451, 632–634; 2008) asks whether any single individual made
so many lasting contributions to a broad area of science as Darwin did to
biology. Let us remember that the nineteenth century also included Carl
Friedrich Gauss, often called the greatest mathematician since antiquity,
and Louis Pasteur,... 阅读全帖 |
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s*****n 发帖数: 1998 | 14 Walk into a grocery store in the United States or Canada and ask where you c
an find the milk, and you'll be directed to the refrigerated section. Ask th
e same thing in a grocery store in Europe, and you'll be directed to a regul
ar old room-temperature beverage aisle. Milk is perishable wherever you go,
so how can one part of the world keep theirs tepid while another takes pains
to keep it cold?
I Heat Up, I Can't Cool Down
The answer comes down to the way the milk is processed. Most milk is p... 阅读全帖 |
|
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g********s 发帖数: 1969 | 16 http://www.scientificamerican.com/article/experts-organic-milk-
灭菌方法不同
Organic milk lasts longer because producers use a different process to
preserve it. According to the Northeast Organic Dairy Producers Alliance,
the milk needs to stay fresh longer because organic products often have to
travel farther to reach store shelves since it is not produced throughout
the country.
The process that gives the milk a longer shelf life is called ultrahigh
temperature (UHT) processing or treatment, in whic... 阅读全帖 |
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l*******n 发帖数: 293 | 17 draught beer或draft beer
指从大木桶或吕铁罐里倒出来的啤酒,以区别于瓶装或易拉罐装啤酒。draught是英式
拼写,除英国外,爱尔兰、澳大利亚、和新西兰也通常这么拼写,发音:抓伏特。
draft为美国拼法,北美国家用的多,发音更接近“拽伏特”。draft是用手拽或拉的意
思,形象为酒吧倒酒时候,拽一下酒吧上竖着的木棒把柄,啤酒便顺着管子从后边的大
木桶或吕铁罐里涌出。
beer on tap
几乎就是拽伏特啤酒的同义词。但个人理解是指有微型酿酒作坊的酒吧,酿好的啤酒直
接从管子里流出,不经任何装桶运输的新鲜啤酒。或参观酿酒厂后的接待室里,自己拿
个杯子象去自来水龙头接水一样接刚出锅的新鲜啤酒喝。这样的啤酒称beer on tap更
贴切.
散啤
八十年代啤酒渐渐普及,各县城及各大城市都慢慢有啤酒厂。饭店用三轮车后驼有盖大
搪瓷缸运回来,啤酒厂也会定时用运水车给大些的饭店送刚出厂的啤酒。在饭店里用大
白碗盛,也有的用暖瓶装拎回家喝。这是最初的散啤,新鲜,很不同于瓶装或当时不多
的易拉罐装啤酒。最初的散啤也大都不是冰镇,而是室温下喝。
扎啤
九十年代初,啤酒喝法开始变... 阅读全帖 |
|
l**********1 发帖数: 5204 | 18 孙兵 作为通讯作者的 的猪流感疫苗的二期临床测试结果的论文 2010
理由 临床测试资质单位的混淆 上海巴斯德研究所的羊头 卖的是河南CDC的狗肉
PLoS ONE has issued an expression of concern over a 2010 paper by Chinese
scientists about how the immune system responds to the vaccine against the
swine flu.
The article, “Protection Induced on Day 10 Following Administration of the
2009 A/H1N1 Pandemic Influenza Vaccine,” claimed to study 58 subjects given
the inoculation (more on that below) and that
Recipients could gain sufficient protection as early as 10 days ... 阅读全帖 |
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s**********8 发帖数: 25265 | 19 Sterilization (microbiology)
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sterilization_(microbiology)
From Wikipedia, the free encyclopediaJump to: navigation, search This
article has multiple issues. Please help improve it or discuss these issues
on the talk page.
It may need reorganization to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Tagged
since March 2008.
It is in need of attention from an expert on the subject. WikiProject
Microbiology may be able to help recruit one. Tagged since December 2010.
Contents [hide... 阅读全帖 |
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c*****r 发帖数: 8227 | 20 Montagnier was born in Chabris, near Tours, France. He studied natural
sciences at the University of Poitiers and received his license of sciences
from the University of Paris in 1955. In 1960 he qualified for his doctorate
in medicine at the same university. Montagnier became research director of
the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) in 1974 and in 1985
professor at the Pasteur Institute.
n 1998, Professor Montagnier expanded his research efforts to the United
States by accept... 阅读全帖 |
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发帖数: 1 | 21 你要是喝有机奶的话注意一下包装通常写的是ultra pasteurized而不是pasteurized,
这个就是常温奶用的UHT消毒。有机奶因为牛不吃抗生素所以可能的致命病菌比普通吃
药牛多,所以牛奶必须UHT。这种奶进冰箱纯属装逼。 |
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c**i 发帖数: 6973 | 22 William Neuman, How safe Is That Cheese? Small creamery duels with FDA over
food safety; A symbolic battle in the larger fight between regulators and
producers. New York Times, Nov. 20, 2010.
http://www.nytimes.com/2010/11/20/business/20artisan.html?ref=business
Quote:
"listeria is a sometimes deadly bacteria that is especially hazardous for
the very young and the very old. Pregnant women who become infected can have
miscarriages or stillbirths.
"Federal and state regulators, meanwhile, say the... 阅读全帖 |
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j********4 发帖数: 1 | 23 STUDIO APT. FOR RENT *NEW Condition
*New KITCHEN,living room AND BATHROOM
*it is in #26 District,near p.s.94 elementary school,middle school 67 Louis
Pasteur, J. High School 67 Louis Pasteur. Walk to MERCHANT MARINE, i.e. stop
and shop, Rite Aid, PVC pharmacy etc. 中国城supermarket...
*Walk to LIRR, QM3, it is convenient.
*Water,Gas & Electric Included
*USE OF BACKYARD AND DRIVEWAY
*Filing cabinets and Wardrobe
*windows in each room
*1 month security required
feel free to CONTACT: (718)666-9929(in |
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m***y 发帖数: 14763 | 24 There was a time people believed that. For example, a Big NB once observed if
you put cheese in an empty cage, soon there would be mouses appearing in it
.
Louis Pasteur's most important contribution is not just Pasteurization :) He
founded microbiology, and now we know why food go bad and house smells odd. |
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g**u 发帖数: 412 | 25 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
az (一天到晚叫妈的娃) 于 (Sat Jan 30 18:53:49 2010, 美东) 提到:
发信人: az (一天到晚叫妈的娃), 信区: Parenting
标 题: 宝宝吃cheese有什么讲究的吗?
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sat Jan 30 17:37:49 2010, 美东)
今天去买cheese,店员很热情,给我们试吃,american cheese,可真咸,又给试了low
salt的,还是真咸啊,有没有适合宝宝吃得不太咸的cheese呢?还有需不需要担心
pasteurized的问题呢?是所有市面上的cheese都是pasteurized的吗?我们买的现场切
的,忘了问了,从来不吃cheese,一点不懂。
谢谢
BTW,小老美就是小老美啊,小宝可真爱吃cheese,本来昏昏欲睡的,吃了cheese,高
兴的合不拢嘴,一口气吃了1片多呢,想不通,这玩意有什么好吃的
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
rcf (一枚 |
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M***8 发帖数: 668 | 26
swiss cheese杀过菌的。
主要指的是进口soft cheeses:brie, camembert, Roquefort, feta, gorgonzola,
some Mexican style cheeses that include queso blanco and queso fresco.
看标识,用pasteurized milk做的cheese都没问题。
超市买的都可看标识,去餐厅吃饭要问侍应生是否是pasteurized,或者记下上面列的
那些cheese名称。 |
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F*********o 发帖数: 2093 | 27 Soft cheeses, 比如说feta, Brie, Camembert, blue-veined cheese, and Mexican-
style cheese like "queso blanco fresco" , 是没有pasteurized的raw milk做的,
不可以吃的.
如果是pasteurized milk做的, 是可以吃的. |
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A**k 发帖数: 4253 | 28 cheesecake不要紧的吧,注意要吃消毒过的pasteurized。软cheese比较容易出问题,
feta, Brie, Camembert, queso blanco, queso fresco, blue cheeses, and other
soft cheeses,一定要明确标明pasteurized才能吃 |
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s**n 发帖数: 6126 | 29 说明:
▪ 博文中所有建议仅供参考,有任何疑问以儿医等专业人士意见为准。
▪ 1oz约等于30毫升;1杯=236毫升;1大勺=15毫升;1小勺=5毫升
▪ 以下凡是提到水的,宝宝直接喝的都是指过滤后烧开的自来水(或冷或热);
凡是用来煮食物的,都是指过滤后的自来水
▪ Gina是英国人,所以书中给出的食物品种和做法不少都是西式的,大家可自行
调整成恰当的中餐品种和做法。
第三部分: 7-9个月宝宝的辅食
随着辅食量的增加,宝宝一天的奶量相应地会慢慢减少。但是一天仍然需要17-20oz左
右的奶量摄入,这包括了每天3顿奶和三餐烹饪中用到的奶(比如调cereal和白酱汁中
用到的奶等)。在这个阶段宝爸宝妈们应该帮助宝宝建立规律的三餐,到宝宝9个月大
的时候,营养主要来源成为各种固体食物,而不是母乳或者配方奶了。为了更好地完成
这个过渡阶段,父母应该继续让宝宝尝试多种多样的食物(各种类型的碳水化合物、蛋
白制品、乳制品、蔬菜和水果),保证营养均衡。
不少宝宝这个时候能够接受一些味道比较重的菜了,并且开始懂得享受不同食物不同的
颜色、质地、口感等... 阅读全帖 |
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a*********8 发帖数: 5368 | 30 正好问下你.你家附近农场买的奶是pasteurized的么? 我家附近几个农场的都不是,当
然是冷藏的. 我买过几次,倒是很香.可是查了下,说不是pasteurized的奶最好不要给小
娃喝,怕e coli什么的.烦死. |
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c***d 发帖数: 756 | 31 If you have any knowledge about milk pasteurization or common sense, you
will realize that difference of milk shelf life is due to different
pasteurization methods.
Quote:
There's a standard followed by the milk industries to determine milk shelf
life. When raw milk is transferred to milk processing plants, it undergoes
various industrial processes to increase the shelf life of milk. The raw
milk contains some bacteria that needs to be reduced. Bacterial crowd in
milk is reduced by a process kn |
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t******y 发帖数: 6206 | 32 首先申明教授的一贯的态度:绝对反对转基因主粮。
贴个中文网页给大家看看Mon的危害:
http://bbs1.people.com.cn/postDetail.do?boardId=10&treeView=1&v
但需陈述一个现实,虽然中国包括很多第三世界国家的专利法仍规定不能将动物植物品种
申请专利。但是美国在1980年已经打破了这个先例。可以预见,在WTO规则下,中国和
许多国家的相关法规会受到冲击。
摘录一段Monsanto自己的陈述:
The patenting of seeds was first permitted under the Plant Patent Act of
1930. Since that time the law has developed as technology has advanced.
Patents – whether on new plants or biotech traits – allow the creator of
the technology the opportunity to commercialize their in... 阅读全帖 |
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s*********n 发帖数: 2283 | 33 " The bacteria that were used to breakdown the milk are now dead due to
the pasteurization."
Hmmmmmmm, I thin it is not completely right.
It is the milk to be pasteurized and homogenized before fermentation. Not
afterwards. Otherwise, your yogurt is not required to be kept in
refrigerator and has a long expiration period. In addition, in the
ingredient list of most yogurt, it shows some special bacteria culture in
your yogurt. |
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t*********n 发帖数: 1105 | 34 不会吧,鸡蛋pasteurize不会变熟吗?pasteurize是高温消毒吧。 |
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m*****n 发帖数: 7450 | 35 赞bos, 俺对法国的兴趣又被激发起来了!
看一下这个年表
zz from national gallery of art website
18th- and 19th-Century France — Neoclassicism
http://www.nga.gov/collection/gallery/gg56/gg56-over1.html#jump
Chronology
1789 French Revolution begins
1793 Louis XVI and Marie Antoinette executed. Reign of Terror
1796 Jenner introduces smallpox vaccine
1798 Napoleon campaigns in Egypt. Wordsworth and Coleridge publish
Lyrical Ballads
1799 Napoleon elected consul
1801 Chateaubriand publishes Atala. Lamarck stu... 阅读全帖 |
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D*****r 发帖数: 6791 | 36 this is so hilarious
http://theconsummatedabbler.blogspot.com/2009/10/as-promised-my-andouillette-story.html
Really, I admire the French. They've given the world champaigne, Chartres
Cathedral, Edgar Degas, the French symbolists, Jeanne Moreau, and pommes
frites. What more could we reasonably ask of them? So I'm not bitching, per
se, about this meal--I've had thousands of bad meals in my life in places
that weren't France and never blogged about any of them--but I must say, to
have an inedible m... 阅读全帖 |
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发帖数: 1 | 37 #注明译者,请随便转载:)
CRISPR英雄谱
埃里克・兰德(Eric Lander)
小鹿/译
三年之前,科学家们宣布,CRISPR技术能够对真核活细胞进行精准与有效的基因组编辑
。自此,这项技术手段已然震撼了科学界,数以千计的实验室正在将其运用于从生物医
药到农业的各个领域。然而,从一种奇特的细菌重复序列现象的发现开始,到确认这种
现象为适应性免疫系统,进而对它的生物功能特性的了解,直至开发为一项基因工程的
技术,这此前二十载相关的研究历程却不为人所知。本文正是着眼于填补这段科学历史
的空白,它讲述的是观念的演化历史和先锋人物的传奇故事,并且从中获得关于支撑科
学发现的优秀科研环境的启迪。
前言
很难想起曾经有哪一次科学革命像CRISPR这般如此迅速地改变生物学界。仅仅三年之前
,科学家宣布,CRISPR系统,即细菌通过纪录和精准攻击入侵病毒的DNA序列而进行自
身防御的适应性免疫系统,可以利用转化为一项简单而有效的技术在哺乳动物和其它生
物体的活体细胞内进行基因组编辑。CRISPR即此被全球数以千计的实验室运用于广泛的
领域,如创建人类遗传疾病和癌症的复杂动物模型;... 阅读全帖 |
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m****g 发帖数: 530 | 38 来自主题: _Harvard_Medical_School版 - 流感疫苗 来了 Sanofi Pasteur Begins Shipments of Fluzone, Influenza Virus Vaccine for 2009
-2010 Seasonal Influenza
PR Newswire US - Jul. 27, 2009
SWIFTWATER, Pa., July 27 /PRNewswire/ -- Sanofi Pasteur, the vaccines
division of sanofi-aventis Group
(EURONEXT: SAN and NYSE: SNY), announced today that it has shipped the first
doses of the 2009-2010
formulation of Fluzone((R)), Influenza Virus Vaccine. Fluzone vaccine is
indicated for active immunization in
people 6 months of age and older against influenza dis |
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m*********k 发帖数: 10521 | 39 =====================================================================
=========================Nature质疑叶诗文事件========================
=============================网友支招抗议============================
http://www.mitbbs.com/mitbbs_article_t.php?board=Biology&gid=31
发信人: zfwang (爱国老将), 信区: Biology
标 题: 对Nature 文章的反驳,作为千老,看不下去了。
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Fri Aug 3 10:24:23 2012, 美东)
原文是发在 Olympics 班 对给编辑写信的回复。但现在觉得这还是该生物班的责任。
作为一个科学家,一个中国人,有这么个争议性大的热门课题,放过可惜了。90% 的工
作量是收集数据,但人多力量大,如果后来的收集数据多了,可以裁开发,力度更大。
-----... 阅读全帖 |
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c****s 发帖数: 5892 | 40 目前正值秋收季节,不少果农会将自己种植的水果榨成果汁售卖,联邦卫生部日前提醒民众,尤是体弱的孩童、孕妇和和老人不要饮用未经消毒的鲜榨果汁和果酒,以防感染大肠杆菌或沙门氏菌。
目前在超市出售的果汁和饮用水都是经杀菌处理的,消费者可以从果汁「pasteurized」的字样,即表示已经用高温杀过菌的。未经高温杀菌的果汁和果酒主要指在本地果园、酒厂、路边摊档或街角便利店出售的用新鲜水果当场榨出的饮料。
在加拿大,1980年和1998年分别有两次发生过因未经高温杀菌果汁而引起疾病爆发的事件,总共有14人因此生病。经专家分析,确定在未经高温杀菌的果汁或果酒里,常常含有大肠杆菌0157:H7的变应细菌污染物,这类细菌污染物容易导致肠胃疾病,甚至造成部分受感染者肾脏损坏。另外在美国曾发生过果汁中的沙门氏菌引起多人患病的事件。
卫生部称,经高温杀菌的果汁和果酒由于经历了高温处理过程,其中可能含有的细菌污染物已经被摧毁,但是未经高温杀菌的果汁和果酒则无法保证内中不含细菌污染物。
卫生部呼吁果汁或果酒的生产商、销售商实施「加拿大生产和销售未经高温杀菌苹果汁和其他果汁及果酒的法例」。按照此项条例,有关生产和销 |
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t******r 发帖数: 8600 | 41 法国(Louis Pasteur 和其他)对现代医学的贡献也是相当大的。 |
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b****r 发帖数: 2555 | 42 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
IEDE (丫头,上馕) 于 (Thu Oct 20 13:54:09 2011, 美东) 提到:
高卢人和罗马屡败屡战,一代男人杀光了,就消停十几年然后重复,这也还算可歌可泣
。路易十四算是正宗法国人,也只辉煌了不到半实际然后落的晚景凄凉。被誉为最伟大
法国人的拿破仑其实是可惜家人,利用了法国来实现自己的野心,但实际上我怀疑拿破
仑是否真正认为自己是法国人。普法战争皇帝被擒,直到一战后才把实地拿回。二战一
个月就被灭国,很多法国人加入纳粹军队效力;靠着外国刺刀保护,戴高乐凯旋,现在
巴黎满大街都是戴高乐名字;战后法国胜利者清算的时候,勇敢的法国男人把陪德国人
睡过的女人剃光头。。。
历史上很多时候法国扮演的角色都很滑稽,但法国人依然有着强烈的民族自豪感自信心
,直到今天法国人还认为法语是世界上最优美的语言,引得无数中国人邯郸学步。大家
说说为什么呢?
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Nehalem (Nehalem) 于 (Thu Oct ... 阅读全帖 |
|
b****r 发帖数: 2555 | 43 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
IEDE (丫头,上馕) 于 (Thu Oct 20 13:54:09 2011, 美东) 提到:
高卢人和罗马屡败屡战,一代男人杀光了,就消停十几年然后重复,这也还算可歌可泣
。路易十四算是正宗法国人,也只辉煌了不到半实际然后落的晚景凄凉。被誉为最伟大
法国人的拿破仑其实是可惜家人,利用了法国来实现自己的野心,但实际上我怀疑拿破
仑是否真正认为自己是法国人。普法战争皇帝被擒,直到一战后才把实地拿回。二战一
个月就被灭国,很多法国人加入纳粹军队效力;靠着外国刺刀保护,戴高乐凯旋,现在
巴黎满大街都是戴高乐名字;战后法国胜利者清算的时候,勇敢的法国男人把陪德国人
睡过的女人剃光头。。。
历史上很多时候法国扮演的角色都很滑稽,但法国人依然有着强烈的民族自豪感自信心
,直到今天法国人还认为法语是世界上最优美的语言,引得无数中国人邯郸学步。大家
说说为什么呢?
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Nehalem (Nehalem) 于 (Thu Oct ... 阅读全帖 |
|
x*****z 发帖数: 787 | 44 徐 贲
德国的教育体制可以追溯到中世纪,除了在纳粹时期的急剧恶化之外,一直是欧洲最好
的教育制度之一。德国在一次大战(1914-18)中战败后,帝国改制为魏玛共和国,战
后政治混乱,经济萧条,通货膨胀,失业严重,尽管如此,德国的教育仍然可以说是欧
洲最好的之一。德国教育一直贯穿着国家意志,国家主义成为德国文化的主导因素,从
中世纪的日耳曼帝国到1806年以后有名无实的“德意志帝国”,再到希特勒雄心勃勃的
“第三帝国”,“帝国”代表的是一种具有强烈国家主义诱惑的文化理想。理查德 ·
塞缪尔概括了这个概念可能具有的所有含义:“帝国构成了一种超级国家的观念。在理
论上它可以包容所有德国人,同时还可以为包容非日耳曼族的少数民族提供历史依据。
那种语言学的念头从来没有正视过这样一个事实:在德国的许多边境地区,德语与其他
语言已交揉在一起,要想分辨清楚只是枉费心机。”帝国的观念与日耳曼民族的神圣使
命感联系在一起,希特勒用极权统治、战争和种族灭绝的方式来建立伟大的第三帝国,
“按照古代的传说,第三帝国应该是一个永远安宁、和谐的时代,却被扭曲成一个死亡
和毁灭的时代”。[i]
1933年纳粹取得政权... 阅读全帖 |
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m*****5 发帖数: 23482 | 45 看到这个做法:
For thin yogurt:
*
Place cold, pasteurized milk in top of a double boiler and stir in
nonfat dry milk powder. Add sugar or honey if a sweeter, less tart yogurt is
desired.
*
Heat milk to 200 degrees F, stirring gently and hold for 10 minutes.
Do not boil.
*
Place top of double boiler in cold water to cool milk rapidly to 112
degrees F to 115 degrees F. Watch the temperature carefully as it falls
rapidly once it reaches 125 degrees F. Remove pan from cold wat |
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w*********s 发帖数: 2136 | 46 Jeffry John Aufderheide
vactruth.com
05/25/2010
http://vactruth.com/2010/05/25/vaccines-rockefeller-social-control/
PART I.
History books proclaim with absolute certainty that the pinnacle of public
health is defined by the polio vaccine program. Disease finally conquered by
science. The polio effort was a benchmark for the public to mentally accept
the concept “shots prevent disease.” However, hidden to most Americans
was an elaborate Public Relations scheme being carefully applied by
Rockefell... 阅读全帖 |
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b****g 发帖数: 68 | 47 3.2万吨级海上鱼品加工船抵达海南海口
http://www.hq.xinhuanet.com/fina ... ontent_25008281.htm
http://www.hq.xinhuanet.com 2012-04-04 09:19 来源: 南海网
“海南宝沙001号”综合鱼品加工船 南海网记者 罗杰 摄
“海南宝沙001号”综合鱼品加工船工作人员介绍鱼罐头的生产流程。
“海南宝沙001号”综合鱼品加工船工作人员介绍鱼罐头的生产流程。南海网记者 罗杰
摄
4月3日上午,一艘集捕捞、冷冻、生产加工等各种综合鱼类产品为一体,载重吨
位3.2万吨级的“海南宝沙001号”综合鱼品加工船抵达海南省海口港外锚地,并将长期
服务于海南,不久的将来,西南、中沙海域的深海鱼将走上市民的餐桌。
该船是由海南宝沙海洋渔业有限公司、海南豪莱宝沙渔业船务有限公司(中外合作)
、海南宝沙渔业补给保障有限公司与希腊艾斯迪士集团共同投资从国外引进,总投资额
15亿元人民币。具有如此大吨位的综合鱼品生产加工作业线的渔船在国内还是首艘,目
前,在全球也仅有4艘。
记者在“海南宝沙0... 阅读全帖 |
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w*********g 发帖数: 30882 | 48 欧洲穆斯林化与西方的衰落(完)
2008-08-10 17:11:43| 分类: 民族问题 |字号 订阅
America Alone -9- 小政府
第九章 The Important of Being Exceptional: Citizens vs. Dependents
简要回应了欧洲人对美国人自以为是,***泛滥,好武力等等的指责之后,作
者这一章集中批评大政府主义,强调小政府的重要性。首先一个有意思的事实是欧洲已
经女
性化到了如此的程度,以至于德国政府现在要求男人坐着小便。据说如果你掀起马桶盖
,就会有一个语音提示说站立小便罚款,不想麻烦就坐下(这个太玄了谁去过德国最好
证实
一下)。站立的权利已经成了男性的最后堡垒。
The Pasteurization Is Prologue
跟美国相比,法国有一点好:你在可以吃到各种不同味道,而且是好味道的奶
酪。美国政府禁止一切未经消毒的生奶酪。这本书通篇没有使用 nannyism 这个词(可
参考
我的一篇文章《猪年的奶妈主义》),但是多次使用了 nanny state (奶妈国家)。
美国政治现在正在朝着以禁止奶酪为代表的奶... 阅读全帖 |
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s*******u 发帖数: 9508 | 49 下面是所有editor的信息,但是没有email地址。 应该能查出来。
大家给这些editor发信吧,comments的作用不是很大。
ABOUT THE EDITORS
Editor-in-Chief
Philip Campbell
London
Education: BSc, aeronautical engineering, University of Bristol; MSc,
astrophysics, Queen Mary and Westfield College, University of London; PhD
and postdoctoral fellowship, upper atmospheric physics, University of
Leicester. Areas of responsibility include: Co-Editor of Editorials,
editorial content and management of Nature, long-term quality of all Nature
Publications.
Ex... 阅读全帖 |
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c***e 发帖数: 1207 | 50 美国第一部《食品和药品法》通过之前,市场也是很混乱的,别以为毒牛奶只在中国才
有, 1858年的NYC也好不到哪里去。看一看NYTimes的文章,贴在下面。市场经济当然
好,但任何事情全靠市场经济, 绝对化了也有问题。
OP-ED CONTRIBUTOR
The Swill Is Gone
By BEE WILSON
Published: September 29, 2008
THE milk was marketed as pure and wholesome, and it looked fine to the naked
eye. How were the mothers to know they were poisoning their babies? They
had paid good money for it on the open market. It would take thousands of
sick children before lawmakers did anything to stop it.
China in 2008? No, New York Ci... 阅读全帖 |
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