c*********r
发帖数: 181 | 1 Use of urinary porphyrin profile as an early warning biomarker for
Monomethylarsonous Acid (MMAIII) exposure |
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p****y
发帖数: 23737 | 2 仅供参考，祝LZ和宝宝都安好！记得要保持心情平静愉快，情绪对身体的影响很大。
本文作者: 邱雪婷 营养师
http://www.twvns.org/articles/research/16-2008-07-31-09-43-31
许多研究已经證实饮食对糖尿病人血糖，血脂肪及体重等控制有莫大的影响! 而营养师
与糖尿病卫教师，也总不忘一再叮咛且教导病友如何作醣类计算，与糖份斤斤计较!
2006年发表於糖尿照护(Diabetes Care)，比较全素低脂饮食计画与美国糖尿病学会所
推广的醣类计算饮食，发现，两种皆能够有效控制血糖，然而全素饮食对血糖的降低比
糖类计算来的更加有效。作者 Barnard et al. 表示，全素饮食有效控制血糖主要原因
可能来自较低的热量及脂肪，在此情况下，全素试验组的体重降低较多，可能因此增加
胰岛素敏感度。 此外，高脂饮食，在之前的研究发现，可能造成肌肉细胞及肝脏细胞
囤积较多的脂肪，导致细胞对胰岛素不敏感! 而胰岛素不敏感是导致第二型糖尿病重
要因子。
提高胰岛素敏感度最好的方法: 运动，减重。
此研究中，营养师卫教全素组受试者，选择低脂食物，在醣类方... 阅读全帖 |
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W******r
发帖数: 789 | 3
我直接贴吧。
Deadly Diabetes Deception
Introduction
If you are an American diabetic, your physician will never tell you that
most cases of diabetes are curable. In fact, if you even mention the "cure"
word around him, he will likely become upset and irrational. His medical
school training only allows him to respond to the word "treatment". For him,
the "cure" word does not exist. Diabetes, in its modern epidemic form, is a
curable disease and has been for at least 40 years. In 2001, the most
recent y... 阅读全帖 |
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j*******1
发帖数: 266 | 4 谢谢几位的回答。一周前，我已FILE 了provisional application to USPTO,
我把它放在下边，请大家看看：
Treating Patients with Potential Therapeutic Drugs
Major development of the Western medicine is from discovery of new medications, the United States is the country with biggest pharmaceutical companies in the world, and the companies follow the U.S. FDA guidelines. However, the guidelines have significant limitations.
Conceptually, according to the drug treatment, disease may be divided into three types.
1. Disease can be treat... 阅读全帖 |
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L**P
发帖数: 3792 | 5 这就是专利的全部内容么？uspto不会对provisional application做任何审查的，就是
个文件备份而已，期待你在一年内(超过一年文件备份功能失效）再把这pro转正成
utility application进入审查，然后大家再拭目以待进展
medications, the United States is the country with biggest pharmaceutical
companies in the world, and the companies follow the U.S. FDA guidelines.
However, the guidelines have significant limitations.
three types.
urinary tract infections, and Staphylococcus aureus cause lobar pneumonia.
Antibiotics are the cure for the diseases.
effects on them. There are many drugs ... 阅读全帖 |
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c**********k
发帖数: 4 | 6 请教几个问题：
1 A previously health 23-year-old woman, gravida 2, para 1, at 32 week's
gestation comes to the physician because of urinary urgency and pain with
urination for 3 days. Her pregnancy had been uncomplicated.Her temperature
is 37.C, pulse 78, BP 110/68. Examinations show a uterus consistent in size
with a 32-week gestation. There is mild suprapubic tenderness but no
costovertebral angle tenderness on palpation. Urinalysis show numerous WBCs
and RBCs and 3+ bacteria. The patient is at great |
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h******c
发帖数: 10 | 7 The sepsis caused by urinary obstruction is a surgical emergency, and the
definitive treatment is release the obstruction ASAP. IV antibiotics alone
is ineffective most of time. |
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n******s
发帖数: 210 | 8 newborn jaundice is a realcase in Philly,
pick eater is realcase in many centers,
urinary incontinence is realcase in houston?
and recently more and more psychiatric case, so pay attention to
hallucination |
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L********g
发帖数: 17 | 9 NBME form 4 1 17
a 72 year old man is brought to the physician by his wife because of a 6
month history of difficulty walking, cognitive decline, and urinary
incontinence. he has not had dysuria or nocturia. his wife says that his
short-term memory is decreased and he has had internittent confusion. on
examination, he has a broad based, short stepped gait with some reduction of
step height. he is oriented to person and place but not to time. he learns
four words with some difficutly and recalls |
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u**6
发帖数: 8 | 10 Thanks again,
But one more question about #3,
If she is acute pyelonephritis only not recurrent, you are right tx:
blood culture and iv antibiotics .
But this case:Her history” she has vesicoureteral reflux and a history of
recurrent urinary tract infections”, do we need to take a CT scan and
Ultrasound first? |
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u**6
发帖数: 8 | 11 1(1-1-8). One day after an uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery, a 23-
year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1, has the onset of loss of small amounts of
urine. She received epidural anesthesia during labor and delivery.
Examination shows an episiotomy without evidence of hematoma. She is voiding
50 to 75 mL of urine at a time. Postvoid residual volume is 300 mL. For
each patient with urinary incontinence, select the most likely cause.
A ) Detrusor instability
B ) Interstitial cystitis
C ) Overf |
|
u**6
发帖数: 8 | 12 1). One day after an uncomplicated spontaneous vaginal delivery, a 23-
year-old woman, gravida 1, para 1, has the onset of loss of small amounts of
urine. She received epidural anesthesia during labor and delivery.
Examination shows an episiotomy without evidence of hematoma. She is voiding
50 to 75 mL of urine at a time. Postvoid residual volume is 300 mL. For
each patient with urinary incontinence, select the most likely cause.
A ) Detrusor instability
B ) Interstitial cystitis
C ) Overflow in |
|
l*********0
发帖数: 85 | 13 Thanks for this great question.
I would go for DDDDD. Reabsorption (85%) via sodium/phosphate cotransporter[
2]. Inhibited by parathyroid hormone, especially at high concentration.
C=U*V/P; where U = concentration, V =urine volume / time, U*V = urinary
excretion, and P = plasma concentration.
A creatinine clearance aproach to GFR (higher than real 10-20%)
B mannitol diuretic
C penicillin clearance decrease based on above formula
E urea; reabsorption (50%) via passive transport, transporter would |
|
dd
发帖数: 73 | 14 A 72-year-old skilled nursing care facility resident with dementia is
brought to the emergency department
2 days after the onset of fever, confusion, and generalized weakness. His
symptoms began following
irrigation of his urinary catheter, which was not draining well. He has
chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
and osteoarthritis. He appears lethargic. His temperature is 36.2 C (97.2 F)
, pulse is 110/min, and blood
pressure is 90/50 mmHg. Examination shows a supple neck. There are Heberden
no |
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p*****0
发帖数: 16 | 15 I can do most translation written in everything english but not for medical
scripts. Please, help. Many thx in advance.
A 4-mm non-obstructing calculus is present in the middle one third of the
right ureter, just above the pelvic inlet. Mild ureteral wall thickening and
urothelial enhancement is present within the proximal one third of the
right ureter, just distal to the ureteropelvic junction. No additional renal
or ureteral calculi are identified in either kidney. The kidneys enhance an
excre... 阅读全帖 |
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l********y
发帖数: 2295 | 16 一楼主要是结构问题，二楼留给一些琐碎的笔记。
Can’t say qd (outdated), have to say once daily. Even for prescription.
Can say UTI, 不一定非要说urinary tract infection.
3 vessel CABG的念法是：Triple vessel cabbage, NOT three vessel, or C-A-B-G.
Can say IV push or bolus, which is different from drip.
Can say drip, don’t have to say intravenous drip.
Can say two-D echo, don’t have to say two-dimension echo.
Say D/C or discontinuous, don’t say cancel. D/C stands for discharge too.
Can say either P.O or oral. |
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J********1
发帖数: 66 | 17 来自主题: MedicalCareer版 - CS考经 First Sight on door-way information.
Knock 3 times with confidence, a smile, walk in and say:
INTRODUCTION:
Hello, Mr/Ms ------- , I am Dr.xxx，the physician on duty
today.
Nice to meet you. (Shake hands only if the pt wants to. Don’t
shake hands with SPs in severe pain).
Is everything in the room all right for you?
Let me make you a little more comfortable. (open up the drape ..
.OPEN IT COMPLETELY... cover the legs in t... 阅读全帖 |
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N***a
发帖数: 149 | 18 MEDICAL ETHICS 137 cases:
________________________
1. A 25- year old mother refused immunization for her 2-month old son. The
social worker spoke to the mother. (Important for Board examination)
Next step in management: immunization should be given for the benefit of the
child.
2. A 30-year old mother refused surgery for suspected appendicitis for her 6
-year old daughter. The social worker spoke to the mother. (Important for
Board examination)
Next step in management: surgical removal of the ap... 阅读全帖 |
|
d**u
发帖数: 278 | 19 A 70-year-old man comes to the physician because of a 2-year history of
urinary hesitancy and frequency. He states that he wakes two to three times
a night to void, and that during the past year he has had intermittent pain
with urination. Physical exam shows no abnormalities. Results of a
urinalysis are within the reference range. Ultrasonography of the abdomen
shows bilateral dilation of the renal collecting system. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Adenocarcinoma of the ... 阅读全帖 |
|
S*****4
发帖数: 153 | 20 【 以下文字转载自 Pre_Resident_Club 俱乐部 】
发信人: Sahara4 (ninimomo), 信区: Pre_Resident_Club
标 题: CK NBME form 2 block 3 Q2
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Tue May 31 15:24:20 2011, 美东)
A or C? CK super cow, would you please help for some expaination?
A 15-year-old girl is brought to the physician 3 months after she had a
blood pressure of 150/95 mm Hg at a routine examination prior to
participation in school sports. She is asymptomatic
and has no history of serious illness. Twelve months ago, she was
diagnosed with a uri... 阅读全帖 |
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n*****n
发帖数: 119 | 21 别处看到的，觉得还不错，不排除有些拼写错误~
POMR (Problem-Oriented Medical Records)表格式住院病历
Biographical data:
一般项目：
Name Age Sex Marital status Nativity Race
姓名 年龄 性别 婚否 籍贯 民族
Occupation Date of admission Informant History
职业 入院日期 病史叙述者 病史
Chief complaint
主诉
History of present illness
现病史
Past history
既往史：
Previous health status: well ordinary bad Infectious diseases
平素健康状况： 良好 一般 较差 传染病史
Immunizations Allergies: N Y clinical manifestation
预防接种史 过敏史 无 有 临床表现
allergen: Trauma: Surgery:
过敏原 外伤... 阅读全帖 |
|
L********r
发帖数: 37 | 22 2. A 15-year-old girl is brought to the physician 3 months after she
had a blood pressure of 150/95 mm Hg at a routine examination prior to
participation in school sports. She is asymptomatic and has no history
of serious illness. Twelve months ago, she was diagnosed with a urinary
tract infection and treated with oral trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole.
She currently takes no medications. Subsequent blood pressure measurements
on three separate occasions since the last visit have been: 155/94 mm Hg,... 阅读全帖 |
|
L********r
发帖数: 37 | 23 16. A 72-year-old woman comes for a routine health maintenance
examination. She has a 3-year history of occasional loss of small amounts of
urine when she coughs or sneezes. She has had no pain or burning
with urination. She has hypertension treated with daily hydrochlorothiazide.
She underwent an appendectomy at the age of 10 years. She has three
children and had uncomplicated pregnancies. Examination shows no
abnormalities except for a moderate cystocele. Which of the following is the
most lik... 阅读全帖 |
|
c******n
发帖数: 492 | 24 21. A 12-year-old girl is brought to the physician
by her mother
because of heavy vaginal bleeding since her first
menstrual period began 1
week ago. She has to change sanitary pads every 2
hours, and her
mother is concerned that this is not normal. Her
blood pressure is 80/60 mm
Hg, and pulse is 110/min. Breast and axillary and
pubic hair
development are Tanner stage 4. Pelvic examination
shows normal external
genitalia, a small normal-appearing cervix, and a
small uterus. Her
hemoglobin level ... 阅读全帖 |
|
f****i
发帖数: 129 | 25 17. A 42-year-old woman comes for a follow-up examination.
Two weeks ago,
her blood pressure was 152/94 mm Hg during a routine
visit. Her blood
pressure today is 150/94 mm Hg, pulse is 76/min, and
respirations are
14/min. Examination shows no other abnormalities.
Serum studies show:
Na+ 142 mEq/L
Cl– 105 mEq/L
K+ 4 mEq/L
HCO3– 26 mEq/L
Urea nitrogen (BUN) 12 mg/dL
Glucose 101 mg/dL
Creatinine 0.8 mg/dL
An ECG shows no abnormalities. Which of the following
is the most
appropriate next step in man... 阅读全帖 |
|
d******0
发帖数: 296 | 26 Case 1
Opening scenario:
Sharon Smith, a 48-year-old female,comes to the clinic complaining of
abdominal pain. Married with four children.
Vital signs:
BP:135/70 mmHg
Temp:98.5 F
RR:16/minute
HR:76/minute, regular
Protocol:
Knock three times with confidence, a smile, walk in and say:
Good morning, Ms Smith. I am Dr. Dora, and I am here to see you today as
your physician. Nice to meet you .Shake hands. Is everything in the room
alright for you? Let me cover you with this to make you a little m... 阅读全帖 |
|
c*******9
发帖数: 122 | 27 Early june, 2011 step 1: 241
Book:
July—September. 2011: go through Kaplan book and mtb2+3 once with study group---
no idea what is ck is, even at the end of reading
mid December to early jan---read secret once with the study group
early jan to end Feb ---read mtb2 internal medicine+mtb 3 other subjects---
15-20 pages a day with 1-2 friends---roughly 2 times reading in total
end feb to early march---read half secret book with 2-3 study partners
questions:
September—November, 2011: finish 70% kap... 阅读全帖 |
|
M**********r
发帖数: 4 | 28 大学图书馆有这个题库。 Exam Master’s USMLExpress Step 1 Practice
Examination topics include General Principles, Principles of Therapeutics,
Abnormal Processes, Normal Development and Structure, Normal Processes,
Cardiovascular System, Renal/Urinary System, the Endocrine System, the
Gastrointestinal System, the Musculoskeletal System, Central and Peripheral
Nervous System, the Reproductive System, and much more!不知是否有同学也用过
这个题库？和UW比较，有何差异？
非常感谢！ |
|
J**b
发帖数: 182 | 29 1. Sarah is recovering from pneumonia. She is 93 and a resident of a local
nursing home, where she was diagnosed with behavioral and cognitive
disturbances. She is refusing food, drink and medication. Her BUN is 60
and her serum Creatinine is 1.0 . Her potassium level is 4.8.
Which of the following is most likely to be true?
A. Her serum creatinine is “normal” because her kidneys have not
been injured
B. Her renal function will return to normal with adequate rehydration
... 阅读全帖 |
|
J**b
发帖数: 182 | 30 9. 26yo WM reports weakness, tingling sensation in left leg, stumbling and
falls, involuntary urinary activity and dizziness. On exam he has nystagmus
and hyperreflexia, slurred speech and lid lag. Symptoms developed over the
last 3 days, but he recalls similar symptoms intermittently in the past.
In what order would you proceed with this patient, clinically?
A. arrange for LP, neurology consult, and serum protein
electrophoresis
B. begin empiric steroid therapy, schedule brain MR... 阅读全帖 |
|
J**b
发帖数: 182 | 31 3. Regarding the “triple slide” test, which of the following is true?
A. The first slide represents prostatic secretions
B. The final slide represents urethral sample
C. The middle slide requires manipulation of prostate
D. The first slide is the best for excluding upper tract infection
E. all 3 slides must be cultured to exclude lower urinary tract infection
Answer: C |
|
J*********4
发帖数: 1274 | 32 9. 26yo WM reports weakness, tingling sensation in left leg, stumbling and
falls, involuntary urinary activity and dizziness. On exam he has nystagmus
and hyperreflexia, slurred speech and lid lag. Symptoms developed over the
last 3 days, but he recalls similar symptoms intermittently in the past.
In what order would you proceed with this patient, clinically?
A. arrange for LP, neurology consult, and serum protein
electrophoresis
B. begin empiric steroid therapy, schedule brain MR... 阅读全帖 |
|
J*********4
发帖数: 1274 | 33 10. C is better than A. Because C will give a definitive answer to whether
there is infection in the urinary tract or not. |
|
n***j
发帖数: 184 | 34 考试的时候，enter是占格的。但是全一起写又太难看了，我是分成下面的几个块写的
，下面有空行的地方考试的我没有空行。最后PN是*，希望能有帮助。 good luck
CC: A 45 yo M c/o bloody vomiting.
HPI: 2 episodes, 2 hours ago and 30 mins ago, w/o known causes. Feels dizzy.
A cupful each time, bright red, no clots, smelly. Epigastric pain at the
same time,dull, buring, 6-8/10, radiating to the back, intermittent,
aggravated with drinking fluids, no alleviating factors. Heartburn for a
long time. No previous episode of bloody vomiting/ nausea/ fever/ chest pain
/ cough/ bla... 阅读全帖 |
|
b*****l
发帖数: 8603 | 35 2007年的，不知道你们说的是不是这个。祝好。
medical ethics more than hundred cases
Sep 24th, 2007, 12:17pm
1. A 25- year old mother refused immunization for her 2-month old son. The
social worker spoke to the mother. (Important for Board examination)
Next step in management: immunization should be given for the benefit of the
child.
2. A 30-year old mother refused surgery for suspected appendicitis for her 6
-year old daughter. The social worker spoke to the mother. (Important for
Board examination)
Next step in ma... 阅读全帖 |
|
d****y
发帖数: 2180 | 36 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Jane27 (小简) 于 (Sun Nov 25 23:53:22 2012, 美东) 提到:
在USMLE官方网站上面练习PN的链接， 如果每次点enter的话就会take up 很多的space
,结果是我的PN上面的history taking 部分总是不够space。听人说在真正的考试的时
候，这个问题是不存在的，只要你字数不超就可以，你可以按enter来分行。
因为我写PN用的是bulletin的格式，需要分行很多，所以这个问题大大困扰了我。 有
考过的同学可以进来说说吗？
谢谢！
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
largebird (largebird) 于 (Mon Nov 26 00:04:46 2012, 美东) 提到:
不能分行，要不写不下。一气呵成吧。没办法
☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
Jane27 (小简) 于 (Mon Nov 26 10:51:23 2... 阅读全帖 |
|
m******r
发帖数: 1904 | 37 ☆─────────────────────────────────────☆
dora2010 (dora) 于 (Wed Feb 29 16:55:46 2012, 美东) 提到:
Case 1
Opening scenario:
Sharon Smith, a 48-year-old female,comes to the clinic complaining of
abdominal pain. Married with four children.
Vital signs:
BP:135/70 mmHg
Temp:98.5 F
RR:16/minute
HR:76/minute, regular
Protocol:
Knock three times with confidence, a smile, walk in and say:
Good morning, Ms Smith. I am Dr. Dora, and I am here to see you today as
your physician. Nice to meet you .Shake ha... 阅读全帖 |
|
e****0
发帖数: 678 | 38 • Exaggerated deep tendon reflexes can be seen in lock in syndrome.
• Non bleeding varices are managed with nonselective beta-
adrenergic antagonists, such as propranolol.
• Sclerotherapy, endoscopic band ligation, and surgery are
indicated after a patient has a first episode of variceal bleeding.
• TIPS is a last resort in variceal bleeding unresponsive to
medical and endoscopic intervention.
• Ischemic colitis
CT—thickening of eth bowel ... 阅读全帖 |
|
S******1
发帖数: 44 | 39 今天得知了step3的成绩，210+，心里的石头终于落下。终于轮到我给USMLE说再见了。
回顾从step1自己闭门造车考了只带一个9的分数， step2开始参加小组学习，做了所有
能做的题只为拿个99，虽胸有成竹且考试感觉很好，最终但又得到一个9的分数。虽然
这次成绩不高，依然很高兴，毕竟不用发愁如果没过的话住院医开始后没有时间复习该
咋办。过去的3年中得到太多人的帮助 (此处略去人名20个)，绝大多数甚至从未谋面。
今天发贴也是为了回报我们这个社区吧。
自我介绍：毕业>15年，220+/220+/1st/210+；
复习时间：6月，头4个月每天约2-3小时，周末由于陪孩子们玩（前两年欠的太多，你
懂得）及做点家务（再不做但心被老婆炒掉），反而复习不了多少；最后2个月每天4小
时，鼓励自己考了这个2年内再不用受这个罪。
复习资料：随大流，MTB 3, UW CCS, UW step3 Qbank, UW step2 Qbank;
模拟：考前2月，NBME 1 190+, 考前1周，NBME 2 220+;
体会：难，考过不容易，考高分更难。主要是因为没有合适的复习资料。UW的1300... 阅读全帖 |
|
w****o
发帖数: 32 | 40 http://www.pe.com/local-news/topics/topics-immigration-headline
Dr. Jose Chavez arrived in Southern California with a medical degree from
his native El Salvador.
He wanted to work as a doctor but faced a daunting series of costly hurdles
to obtain a U.S. medical license. Instead of treating patients in a region
with a severe shortage of Spanish-speaking doctors, Chavez cleaned houses,
worked in a meatpacking plant and installed flooring.
“After working construction eight to ten hours, it’s impos... 阅读全帖 |
|
d*********n
发帖数: 18 | 41 this one of my CS protocols, hope can help whoever going to take the test, I
don’t need any more.
not perfect, but good to figure out diagnosis, should not miss the diagnosis
,
do not need to ask all questions , must adjust base the case,
if better ideas, pleas modify to make easier for people who may need
Amenorrhea
Mental check list:
Pregnancy,
hyperprolatinemia,
hypothyroidism,
PCOS,
premature menopause,
depression
asheman syndrome,
anorexia nervosa,
strenuous exercise
Patricia Garrison, a 36... 阅读全帖 |
|
j*****o
发帖数: 137 | 42 A 30-year-old woman has had progressive fatigue and muscle stiffness over
the past 6 months. She is the primary caretaker for her three children and
her elderly disabled parents and has had difficulty sleeping because of the
needs of her children. She says that she has to stay motivated because of
her responsibilities and has had no difficulty concentrating. She has not
had suicidal ideation. She has had an increased appetite and has had a 14-kg
(30-lb) weight gain over the past year. She has a ... 阅读全帖 |
|
g****t
发帖数: 12 | 43 备考过程中看了很多前辈的考经，医学职业版是一个好地方，为表示支持和感恩，自己
抽点时间简单分享一下我的备考过程：
复习资料：FA 2013 + Pathoma(online lecture and hardcopy of the notes) + UW
qbank + Kaplan qbank (只完成60-70%）+ Goljan audio ( Goljan high yield notes
只迅速过了1遍）
Step 1 2015年1月20日，2月11日收到成绩242。
Time line:
2013年底艰难的看完第1遍First aid, 同时完成ECFMG报名，平时主要忙于做实验，发
表文章和开会，有空的时候看了一点youtube里面能搜到的kaplan lecture, 主要是
biochemistry和pharmacology；这个过程主要是熟悉词汇，对FA有个整体印象，之后复
习就不用太频繁的查单词。
2014年初为毕业后申请OPT，3月底4月中旬看完第2遍First aid；过了一遍Goljan
pathology notes, 4月买了UW qbank， 4月到7月... 阅读全帖 |
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d******u
发帖数: 47 | 45 1, Your patient is a gravida 2 para 2 female with a complaint of a vaginal
discharge, vulvar irritation, and dysuria. Her symptoms have recurred 4
times within the past year. She had a recent urinary tract infection that
was treated with ciprofloxacin, but is in otherwise good health. She is
afebrile with normal vital signs, and pelvic examination reveals vulvar and
vaginal erythema with a thick white discharge in the vaginal vault. KOH prep
reveals pseudo hyphae. Which of the following treatmen... 阅读全帖 |
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T****g
发帖数: 705 | 46 “临床思维，解题思路”
举个例子：
An 82 year-old man has been mechanically ventilated in the hospital for the
past 48 hours because of an exacerbation of chronic obstructive pulmonary
disease. He has passed no urine since removal of a urinary catheter 12 hours
ago. Current medications include intravenous methylprednisolone and
albuterol, ipratropium. And fluticasone by inhalation. Which of the
following is the most likely diagnosis?
A) Acute interstitial nephritis
B) Acute urethral obstruction
C) Contr... 阅读全帖 |
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y*****n
发帖数: 367 | 47 我来谈谈我的理解吧。
产生肺水肿的重要原因及其后果：
↓Cardiac output-->↑end-diastolic volume & pressure，↓urinary output -->
pulmonary edema -->↓ ventilation & gas exchange --> hypoxia
针对这个病理，临床上的药物治疗目的主要是促进ventilation & gas exchange，增加
cardiac output。而要达到治疗的目的，除了输氧外，一方面是增加排尿量以减少不正
常地潴留于肺部的液体 — 通过利尿剂 &/or 增加cardiac output；另一方面是增加
cardiac output — 通过降低血压、减少心脏的workload及增加心脏的收缩力 — 如果
这个目的达到了，问题的根源就得到了解决。
从题目来看，在排尿量达到预期值、及pulse & RR偏离不大的情况下，降低血压就大概
成为了选择的关键，而且，C中的血压值也在正常范围内、未达到低血压的程度。另外
，我也在想，如果排尿量过大，也可能会导致hypovolemia --> hyp |
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j****u
发帖数: 73 | 48 75道题， 近一半是multiple multiple, 恨死了。。
考试时有的是时间，不象做Kplan Qbank有时间限制，所以呢，慢慢读题，千万别急。
- 2道Alzheimer's 的药 -cept, 我重来没见过。。
- TB药，和Qbank里一模一样
- alcohol withdrawal symptom: multiple-multiple
- cocaine overdose的症状: multiple-multiple. 我当时竟然不知它是不是opiod,汗
死。。没选hypotension , urinary retention
- 一道排序：intermittent tube feeding
- 一道心电图 Tachy sinus,问该怎么处理
- chicken pox isolation
- newly admitted DKA pt, what should you do first: insulin IV or bolus 1000
ml NS
- Seasonal Affected Disorder, multiple-multiple: 这个Saund... 阅读全帖 |
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h******q
发帖数: 865 | 49 don't remember where did I find this (maybe here?) but something interesting:
Delegation:
NURSING ASSISTANT
- ADLs/Noninvasive
- Assist
- Remind/Reinforce: usually reminds pt. TO do something rather than HOW to
do it (skills previously taught by other health care professional or
precaution measures)***
* Usually in regards to ADLs (hygiene, nutrition, ambulating, skin care),
turning, repositioning, cough deep breathe ROM *
- Special positioning-- requires initial education by RN -- assistant wil... 阅读全帖 |
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c****m
发帖数: 626 | 50 bless ～～～
我7月份就要生了～～刚刚考完了期末～～～
我们学校平时的课和考试还好了，平均一周1.5门考试，到了期末就像滚雪球，连续三，四周每周三门考试（最后的期末考还是考整个学期的内容）。
你们的课程安排又不太一样，建议问问高年级的人考试的节奏是怎么样的～～
我上个星期熬了三次通宵，考完最后一门后cramp 了一整天，不过幸好没有事。医生
说是可能urinary infection, 我觉得是stress和没有休息好～～～
一个高年级的美国学生34周发现了有Preeclampsia（不过她有点超重）, 医生命令卧床
休息，她和学校协商了，最后推迟期末考试（产后6周考期末）。那个同学现在在p3，
课程超少（8个学分左右）， 我一直都羡慕她的timing~~
Good luck, I think everything will turn out fine if you stay healthy during
the pregnancy~~~ |
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