W*********g
发帖数: 409 | 1 http://www.motortrend.com/features/consumer/1105_4wd_vs_awd/all
quote:
"One of the best systems is Subaru's Symmetrical AWD system, seen in the
Forester"
"A viscous coupling in the five-speed manual transmission that basically
keeps the front-to-rear split at 50/50, while the four-speed automatic uses
a series of multi-clutch packs to continuously vary the front-to-rear split
from 60/40 in normal driving to as much as 2/98 if more rear traction is
needed) where the power is eventually split to b... 阅读全帖 |
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e**n
发帖数: 1326 | 2 4缸的subaru只有手动档的才有中央差速器＋viscous coupling。自动档的四驱中间就
一电控离合器，和Tiguan的一个样子，平时都是100％前驱的。6缸的subaru用的四驱比
较高级。
uses
split |
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d***a
发帖数: 13752 | 3 尼桑Xterra, 这个是truck-based SUV，用开放式中差，我个人觉得没有这个问题。用
viscous coupling的AWD就比较怕前后轮直径差。可以打电话给nissan dealer核实一下。 |
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d***a
发帖数: 13752 | 4 你最好看看手册上怎么说。Outback应该是用multi-plate clutch,
viscous coupling的on-demand AWD。这种车一般要求四个轮子
直径一样，只往一套轮子上装雪链，恐怕会损伤center differential。
雪链的问题是，有的时候用起来很不方便。在干净的路上不能用
雪链（违法），一般也不能上高速。这样回一趟家，可能要装卸
好几次。在城市公路上，想用雪链解决问题，有点不大现实。农村
或山区倒是没什么问题。 |
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e**n
发帖数: 1326 | 5 Both have open diff on the front.
Subaru has electrically controlled full-time center diff.
Audi has mechanical torsen center diff, full time also.
Subaru has a viscous limited slip diff at the rear.
I believe audi has a open diff at the rear.
So subaru is slightly better, especially in snowy conditions with ESP off.
But, i don't think vast majority of people can really tell the difference
when driving. Both AWD are really good enough. Focus on other aspects of the
two if you want to choose betw... 阅读全帖 |
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e**n
发帖数: 1326 | 6 第二种。 subbie 的手动变速箱中差和后差都是带有viscous limited slip的，很实在
。正常行驶两个轴都有动力，打滑的时候粘滞耦合。 |
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q**j
发帖数: 10612 | 7 http://www.stanleysubaru.com/blog/2012/april/10/what-is-new-abo
ubaru-legacy.htm
看中间这一段，有没有高手给仔细分析一下优劣。好像3.6R才是正牌货。
ymmetrical All-Wheel Drive: Three Different Types
Subaru offers three different Symmetrical All-Wheel Drive systems in the 201
3 Legacy line, each tailored to the type of transmission. In Legacy 2.5i mod
els equipped with the 6-speed manual transmission, the Continuous AWD system
uses a viscous-coupling locking center differential to distribute power a n
ominal 50/50 front to rear.... 阅读全帖 |
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m*********0
发帖数: 554 | 8 我总觉得wrx的 viscous coupling，被人很艹几年，会不会萎的快 |
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y***g
发帖数: 10422 | 9 本来就一买菜大妈车，根本不是为越野脱困设计的。
这种四驱的好处是纯机械结构，简单可靠。不过采用的车型现在是越来越少。比如丰田
，上代 Highlander，Sienna，RX350 都用这种（RX350还有个viscous LSD）。最近这
一代 RX 和 Sienna 都换成常态走前驱的太监四驱了。只有 Highlander 保留。估计
Highlander 把它换掉也是早晚的事。
LOL. |
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i********r
发帖数: 195 | 13 手档的Outback的AWD系统是不是比较差？查了一下手动版是viscous coupler LSD,但
CVT版本使用电控clutch分配动力。想买手档的，不知道这个AWD系统怎么样，谢谢。 |
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i********r
发帖数: 195 | 14 谢谢楼上，好像2.5L发动机自动档的都是电控clutch，手动版用的这种viscous
coupler LSD可靠性如何？ |
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g******a
发帖数: 4774 | 15 CRV的四驱叫“智能四驱”，官方的全称是双泵式实（适）时四轮驱动系统（英文
：Dual Pump System REAL TIME 4WD），1995年由本田独创的黏性耦合实（适）时四轮
驱动 （Viscous Coupling RealTime 4WD）发展而来。
本田CRV的中央差速器采用的是粘性联轴节，它的结构是中央差速器中最为简单的，既
没有 复杂的电子系统也没有精密的机械结构。它的结构是一个装有粘稠硅油的密闭容
器，两端各有一 个钢片，一个钢片连接前轮另一个连接后轮。在一般行驶时发动机只
带动前轮，后轮被拖转动， 这时中差里面的两个钢片转速相同差速器不工作，后轮没
有驱动力。转弯时前后轮转速差很小， 中央差速器中的硅油可以吸收这种转速差，实
现转向。而当前轮打滑后轮空转后轮不转时，前轮 钢片和后轮钢片的转速差非常大，
前轮钢片将快速搅动硅油同向流动，在流动的粘稠硅油带动下 后轮钢片旋转使后轮获
得一部分发动机扭矩。
CRV的四轮驱动不是传统意义上硬派越野车的四轮驱动系 统，他是一辆在复杂路面比
一般轿车具有更高通过性和安全性的轿车，是一辆on-road车，而决 不是一... 阅读全帖 |
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a******e
发帖数: 5411 | 18 ?! you sure those are not tree sap?
you park under pine trees?! |
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a******e
发帖数: 5411 | 19 oh maybe the oil leaks during driving and then got blown on to your windows.
...
no other way i can think of. |
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l*********u
发帖数: 19053 | 21 漏成这样了，应该容易找到哪里漏的。打开hood，看靠passenger side。
the
the
manifold.
of |
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w******e
发帖数: 953 | 22 The wired thing is that the drops are clear without any color. I check the
hood, no sign of these drops.
windows. |
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h******n
发帖数: 734 | 23 3.6 outback has decent awd
forester's, capable but low end, search forester viscous coupling |
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T*********r
发帖数: 114 | 24 你求两驱买什么suby啊！
另外，给你们科普一下，subaru的四驱市场上有三种：
1.ACT-4. 最原始的四驱，现在只在手动的impraza，手动LEgacy，手动Forester上用。
基本上就是viscous coupling，和本田的CRV的real time AWD差不多。这种AWD旱地2驱
为主。
2.build-in transmission 中央差速器。50/50传递扭矩。市场上所有的subaru CVT的
车，Legacy 自动， WRX都是这种的
3.Active torque split，最高级的，45/55旱地，雪地扭矩可前后变化。市场上所有3.
6L的自动挡 tribeca，legacy，outback，STI，都是这类。其中STI后轮轴外加限滑差
速器。 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 25 看来Volvo, 包括新的XC-90的Haldex, 都是太公四驱, 每个后轮只有2.5%的扭矩
"The Volvo automatic AWD system has no traditional transfer case. Primary
power goes to the front wheels. The rear drive shaft incorporates a viscous
coupling (Haldex on the new XC-90) and as long as front and rear axles
rotate at the same speed the coupling unit would remain inactive and the
rear tires receive no torque - they are just rolling along. Would indeed
slippage occur at the front wheels, the VC (Haldex) will create a power flow
to the ... 阅读全帖 |
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f****t
发帖数: 15913 | 26 你家的爬坡王能爬44楼里的坡吗？现在的subaru平时也是只把很少的动力传到后面。
viscous
flow
be |
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Y****a
发帖数: 17170 | 27
viscous
flow
be
真的假的？
这样的话，新Volov的AWD也太差了吧？ |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 28 Volvo都是太公四驱, 包括新的XC-90, 前后轮扭矩分配是95/5.
"The Volvo automatic AWD system has no traditional transfer case. Primary
power goes to the front wheels. The rear drive shaft incorporates a viscous
coupling (Haldex on the new XC-90) and as long as front and rear axles
rotate at the same speed the coupling unit would remain inactive and the
rear tires receive no torque - they are just rolling along. Would indeed
slippage occur at the front wheels, the VC (Haldex) will create a power flow
to the rear axle.... 阅读全帖 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 29 Volvo都是太公四驱, 包括新的XC-90, 前后轮扭矩分配是95/5.
"The Volvo automatic AWD system has no traditional transfer case. Primary
power goes to the front wheels. The rear drive shaft incorporates a viscous
coupling (Haldex on the new XC-90) and as long as front and rear axles
rotate at the same speed the coupling unit would remain inactive and the
rear tires receive no torque - they are just rolling along. Would indeed
slippage occur at the front wheels, the VC (Haldex) will create a power flow
to the rear axle.... 阅读全帖 |
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f*****d
发帖数: 1391 | 30 你先评论一下八楼的录像吧，万能的subaru怎么趴在雪里?别人云亦云。
viscous
flow
be |
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S*******n
发帖数: 10009 | 31 擦，猛扇foxbat的脸啊。不过他真的是车盲，人艰不拆
viscous
flow
be |
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a**********a
发帖数: 544 | 32 Copy from Google
On-demand AWD (longitudinal): These are better performing all-wheel-drive
systems. Engine and transmission are mounted longitudinally. Power is first
transmitted to the center of the vehicle, then split to front and rear
axles. The drivetrain layout is designed to distribute torque more evenly
between front and rear axles when AWD is activated.
Examples: Subaru Active AWD, BMW X-drive (latest), Infinity Intelligent AWD.
Full-time AWD (v-lsd/open): These are the simpler full-ti... 阅读全帖 |
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a**********a
发帖数: 544 | 33 here is the definition from awdwiki
automatic all wheel drive
This is an "on-demand" all wheel drive system. Under normal driving
conditions, only one axle is powered. When wheel slipping occurs (the
driving driveshaft rotates faster than the driven driveshaft), a multiplate
hydraulic clutch, viscous coupling, or other similar traction control device
locks and engages another axle. Torque gets transferred to another axle. As
soon as difference in front and rear axle speeds is eliminated, the dev... 阅读全帖 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 34 为什么Subaru的awd虽然比以前缩水了?
目前我知道的新旧版forester 4EAT AWD的区别
老版(08年前)全时80：20分配(又有说法是90:10), 新版(09年后)全时60：40分配
老版(08年前)后轴用LSD, 但是是最弱的viscous LSD. 新版(09年后)用VDC代替, 14年
版加了xmode. 就是VDC on steroid
老版(08年前)的rear differential的size明显比09年后的小一圈 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 35 要是torsen LSD还可以摆显一下. 你那个最弱的viscous LSD就不要出来献了.
六碟音响是啥? 能装6个CD的音响? 这个厉害呵. 呵呵 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 36 这些我知道, 楼主看的是forester. forester在08年前, 和09年后的自动档都是属于
4EAT. 中央分动都是用的MPT. 为什么说forester的awd比以前缩水了?
新旧版forester 4EAT AWD的区别
老版(08年前)全时80：20分配(又有说法是90:10), 新版(09年后)全时60：40分配
老版(08年前)后轴用LSD, 但是是最弱的viscous LSD. 新版(09年后)用VDC代替, 14年
版加了xmode. 就是VDC on steroid
老版(08年前)的rear differential的size明显比09年后的小一圈
Subaru
al |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 37 vLSD的一个问题就是里面的Viscous fluid会wear out. 用的越久就deteriorate的越厉
害, 结果就是慢慢的, Limited-slip differential变成了open differential.
不知道foxbat的outback开了多少年 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 38 是液体lose its viscosity, 最后就变成了open diff. viscous pack是密封的, 没
法单独换液体. 只能换整个LSD.
相比之下, VDC维护就太简单了, 换brake pad就成了. |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 39 rihei习惯性扯谎. 大家来看看forester四驱是怎么越来越好的：
08年前的forester前后扭矩80/20
在08年丰田入股subaru之后, 新版forester全时60：40分配
老版后轴用LSD, 但是是最弱的viscous LSD. 新版用VDC代替, 而且rear differential
升级, case的体积增大.
14年版multi plate clutch的plate的数量增加, torque能更好得往后传递， 还加了
xmode.
17年版的XT又增加了Active Torque Vectoring.
forester的前后轴扭矩实时分配有一个app可以看. ActiveOBD就是一个俄国subaru车主
写的，实测公路高速匀速行驶，后轮dynamic value 33%, 再加上constant 5%，后轮扭
矩分配是38%。加速时后轮扭矩分配提高, 根据油门/加速度变化，后轮扭矩能够up to
98%.
ford始终如一的做太监四驱车. 最近学人家jeep搞了几个mode, 装的好像是真四驱似的
. jeep那几种mode确实能改变前后轴扭矩分配. ... 阅读全帖 |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 40 ford托rihei习惯性扯谎. 来看看forester四驱是怎么越来越好的：
08年前的forester前后扭矩80/20
在08年丰田入股subaru之后, 新版forester全时60：40分配
老版后轴用LSD, 但是是最弱的viscous LSD. 新版用VDC代替, 而且rear differential
升级, case的体积增大.
14年版multi plate clutch的plate的数量增加, torque能更好得往后传递， 还加了
xmode.
17年版的XT又增加了Active Torque Vectoring.
ford倒是始终如一的做太监四驱车. |
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e**n
发帖数: 5876 | 41 rihei就是个ford托, 专门忽悠版上新人. 经常有被他忽悠买了ford烂车上来骂他的.
Escape就是一个太监四驱. 平时后轮没有驱动力, 只有打滑了才有, 等打滑了车都栽沟
里去了
对比来看看forester四驱是怎么越来越好的：
08年前的forester前后扭矩80/20
在08年丰田入股subaru之后, 新版forester全时60：40分配
老版后轴用LSD, 但是是最弱的viscous LSD. 新版用VDC代替, 而且rear differential
升级, case的体积增大.
14年版multi plate clutch的plate的数量增加, torque能更好得往后传递， 还加了
xmode.
17年版的XT又增加了Active Torque Vectoring.
这才是真四驱 |
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c**s
发帖数: 771 | 43 Many things affect yogurt texture.
If you use skim milk, you'll get smooth, but think yogurt. Otherwise, if you
use more milk containing more fat, you will get viscous and thick yogurt.
We like the smooth yogurt better. |
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m****s
发帖数: 18160 | 44 【 以下文字转载自 Chemistry 讨论区 】
发信人: acacia2005 (AZ), 信区: Chemistry
标 题: Postdoc Position opening: Polymer sythesis for Oilfield
关键字: Polymer sythesis Oilfield
发信站: BBS 未名空间站 (Sun Apr 28 16:57:19 2013, 美东)
The Position in Petroleum Engineering program of Missouri University of
Science and Technology is open for a candidate who has strong background in
polymer or super absorbent polymer synthesis and evalulation. Our plan is
to synthesize two kinds of crosslinked polymers: the first type can be
degra... 阅读全帖 |
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f******I
发帖数: 769 | 45
if you go by the book reglan is 0.5mg/kg dosing, but i normally just write
5mg if given iv and 10mg if given po, depends on how big the person is,
seems to me it's fairly benign medicine to use,
from the above info i can't really tell what had happened, other than i don'
t see a point of ordering those vitamin infusions at all, i'd think the
patient need a post mortem/autopsy to look into what might have had happened
, with the gi symptoms either she had a septic shock or a viscous ruptured,
ju |
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a*****a
发帖数: 19262 | 46 其实现在气也消了,但是还是来发个贴问问大家,我应该怎么做?
女儿有很多优点,我在此不例举了,女儿有很多缺点,其中有一条让我比较抓狂.她今年十
月份就8岁了,马上就是个大女孩了,可是她经常洒东西.
早餐时间她喝牛奶,她经常性把牛奶洒到桌子上,有时候地板上也是.让她端个碗,十有八
九里面的东西会洒出来.
吐槽这个周末的事情:
周六一家人,看龙舟,去DC划船,接着去游泳,看电影,本来是充实开心的一天,可是晚上在
户外看电影的时候她把大半瓶的奶昔都弄到了睡袋上,是我刚刚洗干净的睡袋.她说一句
oops, sorry. 当时我很气愤,这样的事情经常性发生,妹妹才三岁也不会把东西洒掉.她
是无意识的行为,并不是有意的.
周日晚上,她到了洗手间,弄倒了洗衣液,她觉得很好玩,没有立刻把瓶子扶起来,而是看
着这些非常viscous的液体在地上流. 没错, 这个满足了她的好奇心,但是呢? 接下来就
是她大喊,告诉我卫生间需要擦干净,紧接着就是轰隆一声她摔倒在地. 我本在楼下打扫
厨房的卫生,还没做完,就马上冲到楼上厕所去救急. 我生气的是,她对东西倒了的这种
无动于衷的态度,她是无法控制自己行为. 洒饮料... 阅读全帖 |
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v******f
发帖数: 4509 | 47 有点好玩。。。
The Chaos
By G. Nolst Trenite, aka Charivarius (1870-1946)
Dearest creature in creation,
Study English pronunciation。
I will teach you in my verse
Sounds like corpse, corps, horse, and worse。
I will keep you, Suzy, busy,
Make your head with heat grow dizzy。
Tear in eye, your dress will tear。
So shall I! Oh hear my prayer。
Just compare heart, beard, and heard,
Dies and diet, lord and word,
Sword and sward, retain and Britain。
(Mind the latter, how it’s written。)
Now I surely will not plag... 阅读全帖 |
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f***u
发帖数: 333 | 48 赞。
2和3让我想起viscous flow课上做的实验了。 |
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