p******o
发帖数: 9007 | 1 http://www.nytimes.com/2015/03/05/opinion/how-china-fuels-myanm
The Opinion Pages|How China Fuels Myanmar’s Wars
YANGON, Myanmar — When an estimated 50,000 ethnic Kokang civilians poured
into southwest China last month to escape fighting between the Myanmar Army
and Kokang rebels, Beijing called for peace and provided food, medical
supplies and camps for the refugees. But China’s stance as a benevolent
mediator in Myanmar’s many internal conflicts and its treatment of asylum
seekers is far less altruistic than Beijing cares to admit.
The Myanmar military has been at war with dozens of ethnic groups for
decades, fueled by long-burning animosities, competition over natural
resources and minority demands for more autonomy. Kokang fighters, seeking
to regain territory lost in 2009, are jockeying for a better position in
nationwide cease-fire talks set to resume this month in Yangon. More than
130 soldiers from the Kokang and national armies have been killed in the
latest clashes.
China has publicly distanced itself from the Kokang conflict and maintained
neutrality. But Chinese-led development projects have long stoked the ethnic
tensions and military conflicts in Myanmar, particularly in recent years.
The fighting between the Myanmar military and another ethnic armed group,
the Kachin Independence Army, is a prime example of how China’s business
interests have inflamed the wars.
Deadly clashes between the Myanmar military and the K.I.A. reignited in 2011
near the Taping hydropower dam — a project operated by China Datang
Corporation, a state-owned firm.
Following a round of negotiations in 2011 among the K.I.A., the Myanmar Army
’s northern command and China Datang Corporation, the Chinese company paid
the K.I.A. $2.4 million in order to move ahead with the project, according
to senior K.I.A. leaders. But the Kachin also wanted a share of the power
from the dam for territories conferred to them under a 1994 cease-fire
accord with the Myanmar authorities. China Datang Corporation agreed to
divert some electricity to K.I.A. territory, but refused to make it official
with a contract, several K.I.A. leaders told me. Shortly thereafter, the
Myanmar Army attacked nearby K.I.A. outposts and civilian settlements,
breaking the 17-year-long cease-fire and resurrecting a war that continues
today.
The fighting spread to northern Shan State, where the Myanmar Army moved in
to “secure” territory for the construction of dual oil and gas pipelines
led by the state-controlled China National Petroleum Corporation.
The impact of these development policies and the accompanying military
campaigns against Myanmar’s ethnic civilians has been severe. More than 100
,000 Kachin, as well as Shan and Ta’ang, have lost their homes and
livelihoods since 2011. Thousands have fled into China.
Shortly after the fighting near the Taping dam started in 2011, I visited
the refugee camps in Yunnan Province, southwest China, not far from where
the Kokang are today. I found that many Kachin and Shan civilians there were
subjected to further abuses at the hands of Chinese authorities.
Continue reading the main story
Roi Tang, a 33-year-old Kachin farmer, told me he was forced to work without
pay for Chinese soldiers. Whenever the Chinese Army needed labor, “they
would just take us to their place and make us work,” he said. Cleaning
toilets, doing yard work, forking over money to Chinese soldiers: These were
demands placed on asylum seekers by Yunnan soldiers, sometimes accompanied
by beatings. In August 2012, the Yunnan authorities went a step further and
razed several Kachin refugee camps, forcing thousands to return to active
conflict zones in Myanmar.
Far from its oft-touted policy of noninterference, Beijing’s business
interests in northern Myanmar, particularly in Kachin-dominant areas, have
directly contributed to war and a cascade of abuse. The Myanmar Army and its
businesses have been all too willing to cooperate.
While the West focuses on Myanmar’s nationwide cease-fire talks, on the
ground it’s clear the military won’t get serious about peace until it
gains more territory. Dams, pipelines and mines, often financed by China,
have been used as a wartime tool to encroach on ethnic lands and dominate
local populations.
If Beijing wants stability on its 1,370-mile border with Myanmar, it should
fulfill its obligations as a party to the 1951 Refugee Convention and
protect all asylum seekers, no matter their ethnicity. Asylum seekers should
be allowed to meet with the United Nations refugee agency, which has been
denied unfettered access to the Myanmar-Yunnan border for years, and the
Chinese should never force anyone back across borders into conflict zones.
Meanwhile, Beijing and other foreign governments should re-evaluate their
investment strategies. Chinese companies can easily capitalize on the chaos
of northern Myanmar, but at what cost? Local communities are resentful. Anti
-Chinese sentiment in Kachin and Shan states is mounting, and this will
adversely affect China’s long-term economic and political interests.
No one should be investing in large-scale development projects in Myanmar’s
war zones until durable peace agreements are established. Allowing Myanmar
to resolve its deadly wars before rushing in for profit will earn investors
the respect of local populations and do some good in the process.
Matthew Smith is the executive director of Fortify Rights and a 2014 Echoing
Green Global Fellow.
A version of this op-ed appears in print on March 5, 2015, in The
International New York Times. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe | f******t
发帖数: 19544 | 2 这帖有些料。
觉得怎么会对土共比较客观，谴责马上就来了。 | c*****a
发帖数: 1728 | | C**********e
发帖数: 23303 | | m******3
发帖数: 975 | | r*****4
发帖数: 4016 | 6 “the Chinese should never force anyone back across borders into conflict
zones.”
他妈的，难民要都不回去，果敢不就彻底姓缅了吗？土共不留难民（这些难民有不少同
盟军的人），就是想让果敢还在华人的手里。
“Asylum seekers should be allowed to meet with the United Nations refugee
agency, which has been denied unfettered access to the Myanmar-Yunnan border
for years”
联合国想管中国的事？谁知道你们是什么目的？ | p******o
发帖数: 9007 | 7 纽约时报的文章很清楚，那就是克钦是亲美反华的，至于彭家声纯粹是想浑水摸鱼。
border
【在 r*****4 的大作中提到】
: “the Chinese should never force anyone back across borders into conflict
: zones.”
: 他妈的，难民要都不回去，果敢不就彻底姓缅了吗？土共不留难民（这些难民有不少同
: 盟军的人），就是想让果敢还在华人的手里。
: “Asylum seekers should be allowed to meet with the United Nations refugee
: agency, which has been denied unfettered access to the Myanmar-Yunnan border
: for years”
: 联合国想管中国的事？谁知道你们是什么目的？
| f******t
发帖数: 19544 | 8 实际上土共赶人时肯定战事平息了，难民不知道而已。这是用无知个体的言论达到政治
目的的做法。那个强迫劳动不付工资的如出一辙，估计是数万难民中只挑几百身体强壮
的，帮忙干些为难民营准备食物、清洁的工作。
border
【在 r*****4 的大作中提到】
: “the Chinese should never force anyone back across borders into conflict
: zones.”
: 他妈的，难民要都不回去，果敢不就彻底姓缅了吗？土共不留难民（这些难民有不少同
: 盟军的人），就是想让果敢还在华人的手里。
: “Asylum seekers should be allowed to meet with the United Nations refugee
: agency, which has been denied unfettered access to the Myanmar-Yunnan border
: for years”
: 联合国想管中国的事？谁知道你们是什么目的？
| R*******n
发帖数: 1535 | 9 要照顾难民可以，但要在缅甸弄快地方。我党派兵过去保护难民安全
把难民弄到国内来，绝对的脑残 | p******o
发帖数: 9007 | 10 这是西方媒体报道的精髓，他不会瞎编乱造make facts,但是会edit facts.采访100个
人，其中有个人说吃不饱，就报道他一个，造成的印象就是难民营都吃不饱。
【在 f******t 的大作中提到】
: 实际上土共赶人时肯定战事平息了，难民不知道而已。这是用无知个体的言论达到政治
: 目的的做法。那个强迫劳动不付工资的如出一辙，估计是数万难民中只挑几百身体强壮
: 的，帮忙干些为难民营准备食物、清洁的工作。
:
: border
| p******o
发帖数: 9007 | 11 不行啊，老将现在正在闹爱国呢，群情汹涌。
【在 R*******n 的大作中提到】
: 要照顾难民可以，但要在缅甸弄快地方。我党派兵过去保护难民安全
: 把难民弄到国内来，绝对的脑残
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