C****i
发帖数: 1776 | 1 第二十二章 论合乎律法的宣誓和许愿
一．合乎律法的宣誓是崇拜的一部分（申10:20），即在必要的时候，宣誓者严肃
地呼吁上帝，为他所讲述或承诺的事作见证，并按照他宣誓的真伪对他施行审判（出20
:7；利19:12；林后1:23；代下6:22-23）。
二．惟有上帝的名才是人应当用来宣誓的，应用时当存完全圣洁的敬畏之心（申6:13）
；所以，人若用那荣耀和可畏的名虚空地或轻率地宣誓，或用别的名宣誓，都是有罪的
，可憎恶的（出20:7；耶5:7；太5:34，37；雅5:12）。然而，不论是在旧约圣经还是在
新约圣经中，在严肃的场合和重要的事件上，宣誓都是上帝的圣言所认可的（来6:16；
林后1:23；赛65:16）；这样，在这类事件上，合乎圣经的权威所规定的合乎圣经的宣誓
也应当予以遵行（王上8:31；尼13:25；拉10:5）。
三．凡宣誓者，都要正当地考虑此严肃行为的庄重性，并且只宣述他完全相信真实无疑
的事（出20:7；耶4:2）。任何人不应起誓把自己束缚于任何事上，除非那事是善良和公
义的，是他如此相信的，并且是他能够而且决心实行的（创24:2，3，5，6，8，9）。然
而在关于善良和公义的事上，若拒绝合乎圣经之权威所命令的宣誓，那便是罪（民5:19
，21；尼5:12；出22:7－11）。
四．宣誓应照简明普通的字义，不可用模棱两可的双关语，或内心有所保留意思的字句
（耶4:2；诗24:4）。宣誓不能迫人犯罪；但在非属犯罪之事上所作的宣誓，虽有损于己
，也得遵守实践（撒上25:22，32－34；诗15:4）；纵使向异端者或不信者所作的宣誓
，也不可背弃（结17:16，18－19；书9:18－19；撒下21:1）。
五．许愿与带承诺的宣誓性质相同，当用同样的敬虔之心许愿，并用同样的真诚去遵守
（赛19:21；传5:4－6；诗61:8；66:13-14）。
六．人不可向任何受造者许愿，只可向上帝许愿（诗76:11；耶44:25-26）。若要所许的
愿蒙悦纳，就当甘心乐意，出于信心，并明白所包含的本份，为求对已经领受的慈爱表
示感谢，或为求获得我们所要的而许愿；由此，我们对须尽的本分，或对与这些本分有
关的事，应当更加严格地约束自己（申23:21-23；诗50:14；创28:20－22；撒上1:11；
诗66:13，14；132:2－5）。
七．人不可许愿去行圣经所禁戒的，或阻止圣经所命令的本分，或行他力量所不及的，
以及那未从上帝应许得着能力去实行的（徒23:12，14；可6:26；民30:5，8，12，13）
。这样看来，罗马天主教修道者终生独身，自甘贫穷，和服从教规的许愿，决非更高的
完全程度，而是迷信和犯罪的罗网，凡是基督徒，不可自陷于其中（太19:11，12；林前
7:2，9；弗4:28；彼前4:2；林前7:23）。 | C****i
发帖数: 1776 | 2 CHAPTER XXII
Of Lawful Oaths and Vows
I. A lawful oath is a part of religious worship,[443] wherein, upon just occ
asion, the person swearing solemnly calleth God to witness what he asserteth
, or promiseth, and to judge him according to the truth or falsehood of what
he sweareth.[444]
II. The name of God only is that by which men ought to swear, and therein it
is to be used with all holy fear and reverence.[445] Therefore, to swear va
inly, or rashly, by that glorious and dreadful Name; or, to swear at all by
any other thing, is sinful, and to be abhorred.[446] Yet, as in matters of w
eight and moment, an oath is warranted by the Word of God, under the new tes
tament as well as under the old;[447] so a lawful oath, being imposed by law
ful authority, in such matters, ought to be taken.[448]
III. Whosoever taketh an oath ought duly to consider the weightiness of so s
olemn an act, and therein to avouch nothing but what he is fully persuaded i
s the truth:[449] neither may any man bind himself by oath to anything but w
hat is good and just, and what he believeth so to be, and what he is able an
d resolved to perform.[450]
IV. An oath is to be taken in the plain and common sense of the words, witho
ut equivocation, or mental reservation.[451] It cannot oblige to sin; but in
anything not sinful, being taken, it binds to performance, although to a ma
n’s own hurt.[452] Nor is it to be violated, although made to heretics, or
infidels.[453]
V. A vow is of the like nature with a promissory oath, and ought to be made
with the like religious care, and to be performed with the like faithfulness
.[454]
VI. It is not to be made to any creature, but to God alone:[455] and, that i
t may be accepted, it is to be made voluntarily, out of faith, and conscienc
e of duty, in way of thankfulness for mercy received, or for the obtaining o
f what we want, whereby we more strictly bind ourselves to necessary duties;
or, to other things, so far and so long as they may fitly conduce thereunto
.[456]
VII. No man may vow to do anything forbidden in the Word of God, or what wou
ld hinder any duty therein commanded, or which is not in his own power, and
for the performance whereof he hath no promise of ability from God.[457] In
which respects, popish monastical vows of perpetual single life, professed p
overty, and regular obedience, are so far from being degrees of higher perfe
ction, that they are superstitious and sinful snares, in which no Christian
may entangle himself.[458]
[443] Deuteronomy 10:20. Thou shalt fear the LORD thy God; him shalt thou se
rve, and to him shalt thou cleave, and swear by his name.
[444] Exodus 20:7. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain;
for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. Levi
ticus 19:12. And ye shall not swear by my name falsely, neither shalt thou p
rofane the name of thy God: I am the LORD. 2 Corinthians 1:23. Moreover I ca
ll God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto C
orinth. 2 Chronicles 6:22-23. If a man sin against his neighbour, and an oat
h be laid upon him to make him swear, and the oath come before thine altar i
n this house; Then hear thou from heaven, and do, and judge thy servants, by
requiting the wicked, by recompensing his way upon his own head; and by jus
tifying the righteous, by giving him according to his righteousness.
[445] Deuteronomy 6:13. Thou shalt fear the LORD thy God, and serve him, and
shalt swear by his name.
[446] Exodus 20:7. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain;
for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. Jere
miah 5:7. How shall I pardon thee for this? thy children have forsaken me, a
nd sworn by them that are no gods: when I had fed them to the full, they the
n committed adultery, and assembled themselves by troops in the harlots? hou
ses. Matthew 5:34, 37. But I say unto you, Swear not at all; neither by heav
en; for it is God?s throne. But let your communication be, Yea, yea; Nay, na
y: for whatsoever is more than these cometh of evil. James 5:12. But above a
ll things, my brethren, swear not, neither by heaven, neither by the earth,
neither by any other oath: but let your yea be yea; and your nay, nay; lest
ye fall into condemnation.
[447] Hebrews 6:16. For men verily swear by the greater: and an oath for con
firmation is to them an end of all strife. 2 Corinthians 1:23. Moreover I ca
ll God for a record upon my soul, that to spare you I came not as yet unto C
orinth. Isaiah 65:16. That he who blesseth himself in the earth shall bless
himself in the God of truth; and he that sweareth in the earth shall swear b
y the God of truth; because the former troubles are forgotten, and because t
hey are hid from mine eyes.
[448] 1 Kings 8:31. If any man trespass against his neighbour, and an oath b
e laid upon him to cause him to swear, and the oath come before thine altar
in this house. Nehemiah 13:25. And I contended with them, and cursed them, a
nd smote certain of them, and plucked off their hair, and made them swear by
God, saying, Ye shall not give your daughters unto their sons, nor take the
ir daughters unto your sons, or for yourselves. Ezra 10:5. Then arose Ezra,
and made the chief priests, the Levites, and all Israel, to swear that they
should do according to this word. And they sware.
[449] Exodus 20:7. Thou shalt not take the name of the LORD thy God in vain;
for the LORD will not hold him guiltless that taketh his name in vain. Jere
miah 4:2. And thou shalt swear, The LORD liveth, in truth, in judgment, and
in righteousness; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, and in him
shall they glory.
[450] Genesis 24:2-3, 5-6, 8-9. And Abraham said unto his eldest servant of
his house, that ruled over all that he had, Put, I pray thee, thy hand under
my thigh: And I will make thee swear by the Lord, the God of heaven, and th
e God of the earth, that thou shalt not take a wife unto my son of the daugh
ters of the Canaanites, among whom I dwell.... And the servant said unto him
, Peradventure the woman will not be willing to follow me unto this land: mu
st I needs bring thy son again unto the land from whence thou camest? And Ab
raham said unto him, Beware thou that thou bring not my son thither again...
. And if the woman will not be willing to follow thee, then thou shalt be cl
ear from this my oath: only bring not my son thither again. And the servant
put his hand under the thigh of Abraham his master, and sware to him concern
ing that matter.
[451] Jeremiah 4:2. And thou shalt swear, The LORD liveth, in truth, in judg
ment, and in righteousness; and the nations shall bless themselves in him, a
nd in him shall they glory. Psalm 24:4. He that hath clean hands, and a pure
heart; who hath not lifted up his soul unto vanity, nor sworn deceitfully.
[452] 1 Samuel 25:22, 32-34. So and more also do God unto the enemies of Dav
id, if I leave of all that pertain to him by the morning light any that piss
eth against the wall.... And David said to Abigail, Blessed be the LORD God
of Israel, which sent thee this day to meet me: And blessed be thy advice, a
nd blessed be thou, which hast kept me this day from coming to shed blood, a
nd from avenging myself with mine own hand. For in very deed, as the LORD Go
d of Israel liveth, which hath kept me back from hurting thee, except thou h
adst hasted and come to meet me, surely there had not been left unto Nabal b
y the morning light any that pisseth against the wall. Psalm 15:4. In whose
eyes a vile person is contemned; but he honoureth them that fear the LORD. H
e that sweareth to his own hurt, and changeth not.
[453] Ezekiel 17:16, 18-19. As I live, saith the Lord GOD, surely in the pla
ce where the king dwelleth that made him king, whose oath he despised, and w
hose covenant he brake, even with him in the midst of Babylon he shall die..
.. Seeing he despised the oath by breaking the covenant, when, lo, he had gi
ven his hand, and hath done all these things, he shall not escape. Therefore
thus saith the Lord GOD; As I live, surely mine oath that he hath despised,
and my covenant that he hath broken, even it will I recompense upon his own
head. Joshua 9:18-19. And the children of Israel smote them not, because th
e princes of the congregation had sworn unto them by the LORD God of Israel.
And all the congregation murmured against the princes. But all the princes
said unto all the congregation, We have sworn unto them by the Lord God of I
srael: now therefore we may not touch them. 2 Samuel 21:1. Then there was a
famine in the days of David three years, year after year; and David inquired
of the LORD. And the LORD answered, It is for Saul, and for his bloody hous
e, because he slew the Gibeonites.
[454] Isaiah 19:21. And the LORD shall be known to Egypt, and the Egyptians
shall know the LORD in that day, and shall do sacrifice and oblation; yea, t
hey shall vow a vow unto the LORD, and perform it. Ecclesiastes 5:4-6. When
thou vowest a vow unto God, defer not to pay it; for he hath no pleasure in
fools: pay that which thou hast vowed. Better is it that thou shouldest not
vow, than that thou shouldest vow and not pay. Suffer not thy mouth to cause
thy flesh to sin; neither say thou before the angel, that it was an error:
wherefore should God be angry at thy voice, and destroy the work of thine ha
nds? Psalm 61:8. So will I sing praise unto thy name for ever, that I may da
ily perform my vows. Psalm 66:13-14. I will go into thy house with burnt off
erings: I will pay thee my vows, Which my lips have uttered, and my mouth ha
th spoken, when I was in trouble.
[455] Psalm 76:11. Vow, and pay unto the LORD your God: let all that be roun
d about him bring presents unto him that ought to be feared. Jeremiah 44:25-
26. Thus saith the LORD of hosts, the God of Israel, saying; Ye and your wiv
es have both spoken with your mouths, and fulfilled with your hand, saying,
We will surely perform our vows that we have vowed, to burn incense to the q
ueen of heaven, and to pour out drink offerings unto her: ye will surely acc
omplish your vows, and surely perform your vows. Therefore hear ye the word
of the LORD, all Judah that dwell in the land of Egypt; Behold, I have sworn
by my great name, saith the LORD, that my name shall no more be named in th
e mouth of any man of Judah in all the land of Egypt, saying, The Lord GOD l
iveth.
[456] Deuteronomy 23:21-23. When thou shalt vow a vow unto the LORD thy God,
thou shalt not slack to pay it: for the LORD thy God will surely require it
of thee; and it would be sin in thee. But if thou shalt forbear to vow, it
shall be no sin in thee. That which is gone out of thy lips thou shalt keep
and perform; even a freewill offering, according as thou hast vowed unto the
LORD thy God, which thou hast promised with thy mouth. Psalm 50:14. Offer u
nto God thanksgiving; and pay thy vows unto the most High. Genesis 28:20-22.
And Jacob vowed a vow, saying, If God will be with me, and will keep me in
this way that I go, and will give me bread to eat, and raiment to put on, So
that I come again to my father?s house in peace; then shall the LORD be my
God: And this stone, which I have set for a pillar, shall be God?s house: an
d of all that thou shalt give me I will surely give the tenth unto thee. 1 S
amuel 1:11. And she vowed a vow, and said, O LORD of hosts, if thou wilt ind
eed look on the affliction of thine handmaid, and remember me, and not forge
t thine handmaid, but wilt give unto thine handmaid a man child, then I will
give him unto the LORD all the days of his life, and there shall no razor c
ome upon his head. Psalm 66:13-14. I will go into thy house with burnt offer
ings: I will pay thee my vows, Which my lips have uttered, and my mouth hath
spoken, when I was in trouble. Psalm 132:2-5. How he sware unto the LORD, a
nd vowed unto the mighty God of Jacob; Surely I will not come into the taber
nacle of my house, nor go up into my bed; I will not give sleep to mine eyes
, or slumber to mine eyelids, Until I find out a place for the LORD, an habi
tation for the mighty God of Jacob.
[457] Acts 23:12, 14. And when it was day, certain of the Jews banded togeth
er, and bound themselves under a curse, saying that they would neither eat n
or drink till they had killed Paul.... And they came to the chief priests an
d elders, and said, We have bound ourselves under a great curse, that we wil
l eat nothing until we have slain Paul. Mark 6:26. And the king was exceedin
g sorry; yet for his oath?s sake, and for their sakes which sat with him, he
would not reject her. Numbers 30:5, 8, 12-13. But if her father disallow he
r in the day that he heareth; not any of her vows, or of her bonds wherewith
she hath bound her soul, shall stand: and the LORD shall forgive her, becau
se her father disallowed her.... But if her husband disallowed her on the da
y that he heard it; then he shall make her vow which she vowed, and that whi
ch she uttered with her lips, wherewith she bound her soul, of none effect:
and the LORD shall forgive her.... But if her husband hath utterly made them
void on the day he heard them; then whatsoever proceeded out of her lips co
ncerning her vows, or concerning the bond of her soul, shall not stand: her
husband hath made them void; and the LORD shall forgive her. Every vow, and
every binding oath to afflict the soul, her husband may establish it, or her
husband may make it void.
[458] Matthew 19:11-12. But he said unto them, All men cannot receive this s
aying, save they to whom it is given. For there are some eunuchs, which were
so born from their mother?s womb: and there are some eunuchs, which were ma
de eunuchs of men: and there be eunuchs, which have made themselves eunuchs
for the kingdom of heaven?s sake. He that is able to receive it, let him rec
eive it. 1 Corinthians 7:2, 9. Nevertheless, to avoid fornication, let every
man have his own wife, and let every woman have her own husband.... But if
they cannot contain, let them marry: for it is better to marry than to burn.
Ephesians 4:28. Let him that stole steal no more: but rather let him labour
, working with his hands the thing which is good, that he may have to give t
o him that needeth. 1 Peter 4:2. That he no longer should live the rest of h
is time in the flesh to the lusts of men, but to the will of God. 1 Corinthi
ans 7:23. Ye are bought with a price; be not ye the servants of men.
20
是在
宣誓
【在 C****i 的大作中提到】
: 第二十二章 论合乎律法的宣誓和许愿
: 一．合乎律法的宣誓是崇拜的一部分（申10:20），即在必要的时候，宣誓者严肃
: 地呼吁上帝，为他所讲述或承诺的事作见证，并按照他宣誓的真伪对他施行审判（出20
: :7；利19:12；林后1:23；代下6:22-23）。
: 二．惟有上帝的名才是人应当用来宣誓的，应用时当存完全圣洁的敬畏之心（申6:13）
: ；所以，人若用那荣耀和可畏的名虚空地或轻率地宣誓，或用别的名宣誓，都是有罪的
: ，可憎恶的（出20:7；耶5:7；太5:34，37；雅5:12）。然而，不论是在旧约圣经还是在
: 新约圣经中，在严肃的场合和重要的事件上，宣誓都是上帝的圣言所认可的（来6:16；
: 林后1:23；赛65:16）；这样，在这类事件上，合乎圣经的权威所规定的合乎圣经的宣誓
: 也应当予以遵行（王上8:31；尼13:25；拉10:5）。
|
|
